The Synoptic Gospels list Philip as one of the apostles. The Gospel of John recounts Philip's calling as a disciple of Jesus.[Jn 1:43] Philip is described as a disciple from the city of Bethsaida, and the evangelist connects him with Andrew and Peter, who were from the same town. He also was among those surrounding John the Baptist when the latter first pointed out Jesus as the Lamb of God. It was Philip who first introduced Nathanael (sometimes identified with Bartholomew) to Jesus.[3] According to Butler, Philip was among those attending the wedding at Cana.[1]
Of the four Gospels, Philip figures most prominently in the Gospel of John.[a] Jesus tests Philip (John 6:6) when he asks him how to feed the 5,000 people.[3] Later he appears as a link to the Greek community. Philip bore a Greek name, could likely speak Greek,[4] and may have been known to the Greek pilgrims in Jerusalem. He advises Andrew that certain Greeks wish to meet Jesus, and together they inform Jesus of this (John 12:21).[3] During the Last Supper, when Philip asked Jesus to show them the Father, he provides Jesus the opportunity to teach his disciples about the unity of the Father and the Son.[1]
Philip the Apostle should not be confused with Philip the Evangelist, who was appointed with Stephen to oversee charitable distributions (Acts 6:5).[5]
An early extra-biblical story about St. Philip is preserved in the apocryphal Letter from Peter to Philip, one of the texts in the Nag Hammadi Library, and dated to the end of the 2nd century or early 3rd.[6] This text begins with a letter from St. Peter to St. Philip, asking him to rejoin the other apostles who had gathered at the Mount of Olives. Fred Lapham believes that this letter indicates an early tradition that "at some point between the Resurrection of Jesus and the final parting of his risen presence from the disciples, Philip had undertaken a sole missionary enterprise, and was, for some reason, reluctant to return to the rest of the Apostles." This mission is in harmony with the later tradition that each disciple was given a specific missionary charge.[7] Lapham explains the central section, a Gnostic dialogue between the risen Christ and his disciples, as a later insertion.[8]
Later stories about Philip's life can be found in the anonymous Acts of Philip, probably written by a contemporary of Eusebius.[9] This non-canonical book recounts the preaching and miracles of Philip. Following the resurrection of Jesus, Philip was sent with his sister Mariamne and Bartholomew to preach in Greece, Phrygia, and Syria.[10] Included in the Acts of Philip is an appendix, entitled "Of the Journey of Philip the Apostle: From the Fifteenth Act Until the End, and Among Them the Martyrdom." This appendix gives an embellished account of Philip's martyrdom in the city of Hierapolis.[11] According to this account, through a miraculous healing and his preaching Philip converted the wife of the proconsul of the city. This enraged the proconsul, and he had Philip, Bartholomew, and Mariamne all tortured. Philip and Bartholomew were then crucified upside-down, and Philip preached from his cross. As a result of Philip's preaching the crowd released Bartholomew from his cross, but Philip insisted that they not release him, and Philip died on the cross. Philip is also said to have been martyred by beheading, rather than crucifixion, in the city of Hierapolis.[citation needed]
Philip is commonly associated with the symbol of the Latin cross. Other symbols assigned to Philip include: the cross with the two loaves (because of his answer to the Lord in John 6:7), a basket filled with bread, a spear with the patriarchal cross, and a cross with a carpenter's square.[citation needed]
In 2011, Italian archaeologist Francesco D'Andria claimed to have discovered the original tomb of Philip during excavations in ancient Hierapolis, close to the modern Turkish city of Denizli.[19] This ancient three-naved basilica, the Church of the Sepulchre, is one of the focal points of an entire ancient pilgrimage hill complex dedicated to Philip. Ancient Greek prayers are carved into the walls of the tomb and church venerating Philip the Apostle, and a coin from the Byzantine era show Philip holding bread (John 6) with this specific three-naved church in the background and Martyrion in the background, removing all doubts about it being the original tomb of the Apostle and church. The church built on his Martyrion and tomb were places of intense veneration for centuries: In Philip's Church of the Sepulchre the marble floors were worn down by thousands of people.[20]
In 2012, Bartholomew, the patriarch of Constantinople and primate of the Orthodox church, celebrated the liturgy of St. Philip here and in the Martyrion of the Apostle.
^Philip is mentioned 11 times in the New King James Version of John's Gospel, and three times in each of the other Gospels
References
^ abcButler, Alban. "St. Philip, Apostle", The Lives or the Fathers, Martyrs and Other Principal Saints, Vol. V, D. & J. Sadlier, & Company, 1864
^Martha Lee Turner, The Gospel According to Philip: The Sources and Coherence of an Early Christian Collection, page 9 (E. J. Brill, 1996). ISBN90-04-10443-7
^ abc"CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: St. Philip the Apostle".
^Nicoll, W. R., Expositor's Greek Testament on John 12, accessed 10 June 2016
^Drane, John (2010). Introducing the New Testament. Lion Books. p. 240. ISBN9780745955049.
^Translated in James M. Robinson, editor, The Nag Hammadi Library (New York: HarperCollins, 1990), pp. 431–437
^Fred Lapham, An Introduction to the New Testament Apocrypha (London: T & T Clark International, 2003), p. 78
philip, apostle, confused, with, philip, evangelist, greek, Φίλιππος, aramaic, ܦܝܠܝܦܘܣ, coptic, ⲫⲓⲗⲓⲡⲡⲟⲥ, philippos, twelve, apostles, jesus, according, testament, later, christian, traditions, describe, philip, apostle, preached, greece, syria, phrygia, saint. Not to be confused with Philip the Evangelist Philip the Apostle Greek Filippos Aramaic ܦܝܠܝܦܘܣ Coptic ⲫⲓⲗⲓⲡⲡⲟⲥ Philippos was one of the Twelve Apostles of Jesus according to the New Testament Later Christian traditions describe Philip as the apostle who preached in Greece Syria and Phrygia SaintPhilip the ApostleSt Philip by Peter Paul Rubens from his Twelve Apostles series c 1611 at the Museo del Prado MadridApostle and MartyrBornc 4 ADBethsaida Galilee Roman Empire modern day Israel Died80 ADHierapolis Asia Roman Empire modern day Pamukkale Denizli Turkey Venerated inAll Christian denominations that venerate saintsCanonizedPre congregationMajor shrinerelics in Basilica Santi Apostoli RomeFeastAs Philip and James Apostles in versions of the General Roman Calendar and Protestant commemorations 3 May GRC 1969 1 EKD 1 May GRC 1954 Anglican Communion Old Catholics ELCA LCMS 11 May GRC 1960 14 November and 30 June Eastern Orthodox Church Translation of relics on 31 June 17 November Armenian18 November CopticAttributesRed Martyr elderly bearded man holding a basket of loaves and a Tau crossPatronageCape Verde Hatters Pastry chefs San Felipe Pueblo UruguayIn the Roman Rite the feast day of Philip along with that of James the Less was traditionally observed on 1 May the anniversary of the dedication of the church dedicated to them in Rome now called the Church of the Twelve Apostles The Eastern Orthodox Church celebrates Philip s feast day on 14 November One of the Gnostic codices discovered in the Nag Hammadi library in 1945 bears Philip s name in its title on the bottom line 2 Philip the Apostle detail of the mosaic in the Basilica of San Vitale Ravenna 6th century Contents 1 New Testament 2 Christian tradition 3 Iconography 4 Veneration 5 Patronage 6 Possible tomb location 7 See also 8 Notes 9 References 10 External linksNew Testament EditThe Synoptic Gospels list Philip as one of the apostles The Gospel of John recounts Philip s calling as a disciple of Jesus Jn 1 43 Philip is described as a disciple from the city of Bethsaida and the evangelist connects him with Andrew and Peter who were from the same town He also was among those surrounding John the Baptist when the latter first pointed out Jesus as the Lamb of God It was Philip who first introduced Nathanael sometimes identified with Bartholomew to Jesus 3 According to Butler Philip was among those attending the wedding at Cana 1 Of the four Gospels Philip figures most prominently in the Gospel of John a Jesus tests Philip John 6 6 when he asks him how to feed the 5 000 people 3 Later he appears as a link to the Greek community Philip bore a Greek name could likely speak Greek 4 and may have been known to the Greek pilgrims in Jerusalem He advises Andrew that certain Greeks wish to meet Jesus and together they inform Jesus of this John 12 21 3 During the Last Supper when Philip asked Jesus to show them the Father he provides Jesus the opportunity to teach his disciples about the unity of the Father and the Son 1 Philip the Apostle should not be confused with Philip the Evangelist who was appointed with Stephen to oversee charitable distributions Acts 6 5 5 Christian tradition Edit James Tissot Saint Philip Saint Philippe Brooklyn Museum An early extra biblical story about St Philip is preserved in the apocryphal Letter from Peter to Philip one of the texts in the Nag Hammadi Library and dated to the end of the 2nd century or early 3rd 6 This text begins with a letter from St Peter to St Philip asking him to rejoin the other apostles who had gathered at the Mount of Olives Fred Lapham believes that this letter indicates an early tradition that at some point between the Resurrection of Jesus and the final parting of his risen presence from the disciples Philip had undertaken a sole missionary enterprise and was for some reason reluctant to return to the rest of the Apostles This mission is in harmony with the later tradition that each disciple was given a specific missionary charge 7 Lapham explains the central section a Gnostic dialogue between the risen Christ and his disciples as a later insertion 8 Statue of Philip in the Archbasilica of St John Lateran by Giuseppe Mazzuoli Later stories about Philip s life can be found in the anonymous Acts of Philip probably written by a contemporary of Eusebius 9 This non canonical book recounts the preaching and miracles of Philip Following the resurrection of Jesus Philip was sent with his sister Mariamne and Bartholomew to preach in Greece Phrygia and Syria 10 Included in the Acts of Philip is an appendix entitled Of the Journey of Philip the Apostle From the Fifteenth Act Until the End and Among Them the Martyrdom This appendix gives an embellished account of Philip s martyrdom in the city of Hierapolis 11 According to this account through a miraculous healing and his preaching Philip converted the wife of the proconsul of the city This enraged the proconsul and he had Philip Bartholomew and Mariamne all tortured Philip and Bartholomew were then crucified upside down and Philip preached from his cross As a result of Philip s preaching the crowd released Bartholomew from his cross but Philip insisted that they not release him and Philip died on the cross Philip is also said to have been martyred by beheading rather than crucifixion in the city of Hierapolis citation needed The relics of Philip the Apostle are currently found in the crypt of Basilica Santi Apostoli Rome citation needed as well as the Church of St Philip the Apostle in Cheektowaga New York 12 Iconography Edit Cross of Philip Philip is commonly associated with the symbol of the Latin cross Other symbols assigned to Philip include the cross with the two loaves because of his answer to the Lord in John 6 7 a basket filled with bread a spear with the patriarchal cross and a cross with a carpenter s square citation needed Veneration EditPhilip is remembered with James in the Church of England with a Festival on 1 May 13 The Holy and All praised Apostle Philip is commemorated on 14 November and 30 June Synaxis of the Holy Glorious and All Praised Twelve Apostles in the Eastern Orthodox Church 14 15 His feast day begins the Nativity Fast in the Eastern Orthodox Church that is called Philip s Fast or the Philippian Fast 16 the Fast is Eastern equivalent of Western Advent 17 Patronage EditSaint Philip is the patron saint of hatters 18 Possible tomb location Edit Tomb of Philip the Apostle Hierapolis In 2011 Italian archaeologist Francesco D Andria claimed to have discovered the original tomb of Philip during excavations in ancient Hierapolis close to the modern Turkish city of Denizli 19 This ancient three naved basilica the Church of the Sepulchre is one of the focal points of an entire ancient pilgrimage hill complex dedicated to Philip Ancient Greek prayers are carved into the walls of the tomb and church venerating Philip the Apostle and a coin from the Byzantine era show Philip holding bread John 6 with this specific three naved church in the background and Martyrion in the background removing all doubts about it being the original tomb of the Apostle and church The church built on his Martyrion and tomb were places of intense veneration for centuries In Philip s Church of the Sepulchre the marble floors were worn down by thousands of people 20 In 2012 Bartholomew the patriarch of Constantinople and primate of the Orthodox church celebrated the liturgy of St Philip here and in the Martyrion of the Apostle See also EditGospel of Philip List of biblical figures identified in extra biblical sources Philip the Evangelist Saint Philip the Apostle patron saint archiveNotes Edit Philip is mentioned 11 times in the New King James Version of John s Gospel and three times in each of the other GospelsReferences Edit a b c Butler Alban St Philip Apostle The Lives or the Fathers Martyrs and Other Principal Saints Vol V D amp J Sadlier amp Company 1864 Martha Lee Turner The Gospel According to Philip The Sources and Coherence of an Early Christian Collection page 9 E J Brill 1996 ISBN 90 04 10443 7 a b c CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA St Philip the Apostle Nicoll W R Expositor s Greek Testament on John 12 accessed 10 June 2016 Drane John 2010 Introducing the New Testament Lion Books p 240 ISBN 9780745955049 Translated in James M Robinson editor The Nag Hammadi Library New York HarperCollins 1990 pp 431 437 Fred Lapham An Introduction to the New Testament Apocrypha London T amp T Clark International 2003 p 78 Lapham An Introduction p 80 Craig A Blaising Philip Apostle in The Encyclopedia of Early Christianity ed Everett Ferguson New York Garland Publishing 1997 Acts of Philip especially Book 8 meta religion com Retrieved 14 March 2007 Schaff Philip 1885 Ante Nicene Fathers Volume 8 Christian Classics Ethereal Library Retrieved 14 March 2007 Relic of St Philip the Apostle St Philip the Apostle Parish Retrieved 24 May 2022 The Calendar The Church of England Retrieved 27 March 2021 Svyatoj apostol Filipp Pravoslavnyj Cerkovnyj kalendar in Russian Retrieved 14 July 2022 FILIPP APOSTOL OT 12 Drevo drevo info ru in Russian Retrieved 14 July 2022 Rubrika Rozhdestvenskij post Pyat stupenej very azbyka ru in Russian Retrieved 14 July 2022 Advent and Nativity Fast Vanderbilt University Retrieved 14 July 2022 Grube Madison St Philip the Apostle and History The Falcon s Flyer Retrieved 14 May 2022 Tomb of Apostle Philip Found biblicalarchaeology org 16 August 2014 Retrieved 1 September 2015 John How I Discovered the Tomb of the Apostle Philip Interview With Archaeologist Francesco D Andria Retrieved 12 April 2022 External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Saint Philip Catholic Encyclopedia Apostle article regarding the title Apostle from the Catholic Encyclopedia Catholic Forum St Philip Holy All Praised Apostle Philip Orthodox icon and synaxarionCatholic Church TitlesNew creation Bishop of Hierapolis1st century Succeeded byPapias of Hierapolis Portals Saints Biography Christianity Bible Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Philip the Apostle amp oldid 1148589948, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
