Pentenes (also called Pentylenes) are alkenes with the chemical formulaC 5H 10. Each molecule contains one double bond within its molecular structure. Six different compounds are in this class, differing from each other by whether the carbon atoms are attached linearly or in a branched structure and whether the double bond has a cis or trans form.
2-Pentene has two geometric isomers: cis-2-pentene and trans-2-pentene. Cis-2-Pentene is used in olefin metathesis.
Branched-chain isomersEdit
The branched isomers are 2-methylbut-1-ene, 3-methylbut-1-ene (isopentene), and 2-methylbut-2-ene (isoamylene).
Isoamylene is one of the three main byproducts of deep catalytic cracking (DCC), which is very similar to the operation of fluid catalytic cracking (FCC). The DCC uses vacuum gas oil (VGO) as a feedstock to produce primarily propylene, isobutylene, and isoamylene. The rise in demand for polypropylene has encouraged the growth of the DCC, which is operated very much like the FCC. Isobutylene and isoamylene feedstocks are necessary for the production of the much debated gasoline blending components methyl tert-butyl ether and tert-amyl methyl ether.
Production of fuelsEdit
Propylene, isobutene, and amylenes are feedstocks in the alkylation units of refineries. Using isobutane, blendstocks are generated with high branching for good combustion characteristics. Amylenes are valued as precursors to fuels, especially aviation fuels of relatively low volatility, as required by various regulations.[3]
^Bipin V. Vora, Joseph A. Kocal, Paul T. Barger, Robert J. Schmidt, James A. Johnson (2003). "Alkylation". Kirk‐Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology. doi:10.1002/0471238961.0112112508011313.a01.pub2. ISBN0471238961.{{cite encyclopedia}}: CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link)
August 26, 2023
pentene, also, called, pentylenes, alkenes, with, chemical, formula, each, molecule, contains, double, bond, within, molecular, structure, different, compounds, this, class, differing, from, each, other, whether, carbon, atoms, attached, linearly, branched, st. Pentenes also called Pentylenes are alkenes with the chemical formula C5 H10 Each molecule contains one double bond within its molecular structure Six different compounds are in this class differing from each other by whether the carbon atoms are attached linearly or in a branched structure and whether the double bond has a cis or trans form n Pentene 1 Pentenecis 2 Pentenetrans 2 PenteneNamesIUPAC names Pent 1 enecis Pent 2 enetrans Pent 2 eneOther names amylene n amylene n pentene beta n amylene sym methylethylethylene pentyleneIdentifiersCAS Number 109 67 1 1 pentene Y627 20 3 cis 2 pentene Y646 04 8 trans 2 pentene Y3D model JSmol 1 pentene Interactive image cis 2 pentene Interactive image trans 2 pentene Interactive imageChemSpider 7713 1 pentene N4483638 cis 2 pentene N4483639 trans 2 pentene NECHA InfoCard 100 042 636EC Number 246 916 6 1 pentene 273 308 8 cis 2 pentene 271 255 5 trans 2 pentene PubChem CID 8004 1 pentene 5326160 cis 2 pentene 5326161 trans 2 pentene UNII ALP8M0LU81 1 pentene Y54UR3XZ4FC cis 2 pentene YYCO1SJQ98H trans 2 pentene YCompTox Dashboard EPA DTXSID7026819InChI 1 pentene InChI 1S C5H10 c1 3 5 4 2 h3H 1 4 5H2 2H3Key YWAKXRMUMFPDSH UHFFFAOYSA N cis 2 pentene InChI 1S C5H10 c1 3 5 4 2 h3 5H 4H2 1 2H3 b5 3 Key QMMOXUPEWRXHJS HYXAFXHYSA N trans 2 pentene InChI 1S C5H10 c1 3 5 4 2 h3 5H 4H2 1 2H3 b5 3 Key QMMOXUPEWRXHJS HWKANZROSA NSMILES 1 pentene CCCC C cis 2 pentene CC C C C trans 2 pentene CC C C CPropertiesChemical formula C 5H 10Molar mass 70 135 g mol 1Density 0 64 g cm3 1 pentene 1 Melting point 165 2 C 265 4 F 108 0 K 1 pentene 1 Boiling point 30 C 86 F 303 K 1 pentene 1 Magnetic susceptibility x 53 7 10 6 cm3 molHazardsSafety data sheet SDS MSDSExcept where otherwise noted data are given for materials in their standard state at 25 C 77 F 100 kPa N verify what is Y N Infobox references Contents 1 Straight chain isomers 2 Branched chain isomers 3 Production of fuels 4 ReferencesStraight chain isomers Edit1 Pentene is an alpha olefin Most often 1 pentene is made as a byproduct of catalytic or thermal cracking of petroleum or during the production of ethylene and propylene via thermal cracking of hydrocarbon fractions The only commercial manufacturer of 1 pentene is Sasol Ltd where it is separated from crude by the Fischer Tropsch process 2 2 Pentene has two geometric isomers cis 2 pentene and trans 2 pentene Cis 2 Pentene is used in olefin metathesis Branched chain isomers EditThe branched isomers are 2 methylbut 1 ene 3 methylbut 1 ene isopentene and 2 methylbut 2 ene isoamylene Isoamylene is one of the three main byproducts of deep catalytic cracking DCC which is very similar to the operation of fluid catalytic cracking FCC The DCC uses vacuum gas oil VGO as a feedstock to produce primarily propylene isobutylene and isoamylene The rise in demand for polypropylene has encouraged the growth of the DCC which is operated very much like the FCC Isobutylene and isoamylene feedstocks are necessary for the production of the much debated gasoline blending components methyl tert butyl ether and tert amyl methyl ether Production of fuels EditPropylene isobutene and amylenes are feedstocks in the alkylation units of refineries Using isobutane blendstocks are generated with high branching for good combustion characteristics Amylenes are valued as precursors to fuels especially aviation fuels of relatively low volatility as required by various regulations 3 References Edit a b c Record in the GESTIS Substance Database of the Institute for Occupational Safety and Health RSA Olefins cChange www cchange ac za Retrieved 2017 10 19 Bipin V Vora Joseph A Kocal Paul T Barger Robert J Schmidt James A Johnson 2003 Alkylation Kirk Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology doi 10 1002 0471238961 0112112508011313 a01 pub2 ISBN 0471238961 a href Template Cite encyclopedia html title Template Cite encyclopedia cite encyclopedia a CS1 maint uses authors parameter link Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Pentene amp oldid 1160719675, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
