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Pennsylvania Dutch English

May 05, 2023

Pennsylvania Dutch English is a dialect of English that has been influenced by the Pennsylvania Dutch language. It is largely spoken in South Central Pennsylvania, both by people who are monolingual in English and bilingual in Pennsylvania Dutch and English. The dialect has been dying out, as non-Amish younger Pennsylvania Germans tend to speak General American English.

Pennsylvania Dutch English
Native toUnited States, Canada
RegionPennsylvania; Ohio; Indiana; Ontario; and elsewhere
Early forms
Latin (English alphabet)
Language codes
ISO 639-3–
The Pennsylvania counties of Pennsylvania Dutch Country, where Pennsylvania Dutch English has been traditionally been spoken

Very few non-Amish members of these people can speak the Pennsylvania German language, although most know some words and phrases. The World War II generation of the mid-20th century was the last generation in which Pennsylvania Dutch was widely spoken outside the Amish and Old Order Mennonite communities.[1]

Features of Pennsylvania German influence

Pennsylvania Dutch English differs from standard English in various ways.[2] Some of its hallmark features include:

  • Widespread devoicing of obstruents, such as “round” being pronounced “rount” or “eggs” as “ecks”.
  • The use of certain vowel variants in specific phonological contexts.[further explanation needed]
  • The use of Pennsylvania German verb and noun stems in word construction.[example needed]
  • Specific intonation patterns for questions.[example needed]
  • Special placement of prepositional phrases in sentences (so that "Throw some hay over the fence for the horse" might be rendered "Throw the horse over the fence some hay").
  • The use of "ain't" and "not" or "say" as question tags.
  • The use of "still" as a habitual verbal marker.[further explanation needed]
  • The use of the phrase "what for" to mean "what kind of." (German = "was für")
  • Use of the word "yet" to mean "still," such as "do you work at the store yet?" to mean "do you still work at the store?"
  • Use of terms such as "doncha know" and "so I do" or "so he does" at the end of declaratory sentences.
  • Use of the word "awhile" at the end of sentences proposing simultaneous actions (e.g. "Go get the tea out of the pantry; I'll start boiling the water awhile.").
  • Omitting "to be" from the passive construction in an infinitive following "needs" or "wants" (e.g. "the car needs cleaned" instead of "the car needs to be cleaned").

Other calques include:

Pennsylvania Dutch English term Standard English term Pennsylvania German term Related Standard German term Word-for-word Standard German translation
Outen the lights. Turn off the lights. Mach's Licht aus. Mach das Licht aus. "Make the light out."
The [noun(s)] is/are all.
(e.g. The food is all.)		 There is/are no more [noun(s)]. Die [nouns] sin all, OR Der/Die/Es [noun] is all. Die [nouns] sind alle, OR Der/Die/Das [noun] ist alle. "The [nouns] are all."
Don't eat yourself full. Don't fill yourself up. Iss dich net voll. Iss dich nicht voll. "Eat yourself not full."
There's cake back yet. There is cake to come. Es gibt datt noch Kuche. Es gibt da noch Kuchen. "There is still cake."
It wonders me. It makes me wonder. Es wunnert mich. Das wundert mich. "It wonders me."
Spritzing Lightly raining Schpritze Spritzen Spritzing
Rutsching Squirming Rutsche Rutschen "Slipping / Sliding"
Schusslich Clumsy (with things, usually due to hurrying) Schusslich Schusselig "Scatty / Scatterbrained"
Doplich / Doppich Clumsy (with oneself) Doppich Täppisch / Tappig "Clumsy"
Yah, well. Whatever / It makes no difference Ya, well. Ja, wohl. "Yes, well."
Wutz Pig (when someone eats a lot) Die Wutz Die Wutz "The Pig" (regional word)
Kutz / Kutzing Vomit / Vomiting Die Kutz / Kutze Die Kotze / Kotzen "Vomit"
Schtriwwelich Uncombed or stringy Schtriwwelich Strubbelig "Disheveled"
Brutzing / Grexing Whining / Complaining Brutze / Grexe Jammern / Klagen "Whining / Complaining"
Wuntz (Once) For a second / Quickly Eemols Einmal Once / One-time
Mox nix Irrelevant Macht's nix (Das) Macht nichts. "(That) Matters not."
Nix nootz / Nix nootzie Misbehaving (usually referring to a little kid) Nixnutz Nichtsnutz "No-use."
Schnickelfritz Troublemaker (usually referring to a little kid) Schnickelfritz Schnacken + Fritz "Chatting Fritz"
Right like Exactly the same as Genau wie / Yuscht wie Genau wie "Just like"

Other idioms include "Make wet?" meaning "Is it going to rain?", "hurrieder" meaning "faster", and "dippy eggs/ecks" meaning "over-easy or soft-boiled eggs".

See also

References

  1. ^ Di Domizio, Tony (2010-11-10). "Pennsylvania Dutch dialect is still alive in the region". Souderton Independent.
  2. ^ Lynch, Larry. "Pennsylvania Dutch: Structure, Pronunciation, and Popular Expressions". Bright Hub Education.

External links

  • "Pennsylvania German versus Germany German". Get Germanized. youtube.com.
  • www.padutchdictionary.com
  • www.deitshbooks.com

May 05, 2023
pennsylvania, dutch, english, dialect, english, that, been, influenced, pennsylvania, dutch, language, largely, spoken, south, central, pennsylvania, both, people, monolingual, english, bilingual, pennsylvania, dutch, english, dialect, been, dying, amish, youn. Pennsylvania Dutch English is a dialect of English that has been influenced by the Pennsylvania Dutch language It is largely spoken in South Central Pennsylvania both by people who are monolingual in English and bilingual in Pennsylvania Dutch and English The dialect has been dying out as non Amish younger Pennsylvania Germans tend to speak General American English Pennsylvania Dutch EnglishNative toUnited States CanadaRegionPennsylvania Ohio Indiana Ontario and elsewhereLanguage familyIndo European GermanicWest GermanicIngvaeonicAnglo FrisianAnglicEnglishNorth American EnglishAmerican EnglishPennsylvania Dutch EnglishEarly formsOld English Middle English Early Modern EnglishWriting systemLatin English alphabet Language codesISO 639 3 The Pennsylvania counties of Pennsylvania Dutch Country where Pennsylvania Dutch English has been traditionally been spokenVery few non Amish members of these people can speak the Pennsylvania German language although most know some words and phrases The World War II generation of the mid 20th century was the last generation in which Pennsylvania Dutch was widely spoken outside the Amish and Old Order Mennonite communities 1 Contents 1 Features of Pennsylvania German influence 2 See also 3 References 4 External linksFeatures of Pennsylvania German influence EditThis section needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources in this section Unsourced material may be challenged and removed June 2022 Learn how and when to remove this template message Pennsylvania Dutch English differs from standard English in various ways 2 Some of its hallmark features include Widespread devoicing of obstruents such as round being pronounced rount or eggs as ecks The use of certain vowel variants in specific phonological contexts further explanation needed The use of Pennsylvania German verb and noun stems in word construction example needed Specific intonation patterns for questions example needed Special placement of prepositional phrases in sentences so that Throw some hay over the fence for the horse might be rendered Throw the horse over the fence some hay The use of ain t and not or say as question tags The use of still as a habitual verbal marker further explanation needed The use of the phrase what for to mean what kind of German was fur Use of the word yet to mean still such as do you work at the store yet to mean do you still work at the store Use of terms such as doncha know and so I do or so he does at the end of declaratory sentences Use of the word awhile at the end of sentences proposing simultaneous actions e g Go get the tea out of the pantry I ll start boiling the water awhile Omitting to be from the passive construction in an infinitive following needs or wants e g the car needs cleaned instead of the car needs to be cleaned Other calques include Pennsylvania Dutch English term Standard English term Pennsylvania German term Related Standard German term Word for word Standard German translationOuten the lights Turn off the lights Mach s Licht aus Mach das Licht aus Make the light out The noun s is are all e g The food is all There is are no more noun s Die nouns sin all OR Der Die Es noun is all Die nouns sind alle OR Der Die Das noun ist alle The nouns are all Don t eat yourself full Don t fill yourself up Iss dich net voll Iss dich nicht voll Eat yourself not full There s cake back yet There is cake to come Es gibt datt noch Kuche Es gibt da noch Kuchen There is still cake It wonders me It makes me wonder Es wunnert mich Das wundert mich It wonders me Spritzing Lightly raining Schpritze Spritzen SpritzingRutsching Squirming Rutsche Rutschen Slipping Sliding Schusslich Clumsy with things usually due to hurrying Schusslich Schusselig Scatty Scatterbrained Doplich Doppich Clumsy with oneself Doppich Tappisch Tappig Clumsy Yah well Whatever It makes no difference Ya well Ja wohl Yes well Wutz Pig when someone eats a lot Die Wutz Die Wutz The Pig regional word Kutz Kutzing Vomit Vomiting Die Kutz Kutze Die Kotze Kotzen Vomit Schtriwwelich Uncombed or stringy Schtriwwelich Strubbelig Disheveled Brutzing Grexing Whining Complaining Brutze Grexe Jammern Klagen Whining Complaining Wuntz Once For a second Quickly Eemols Einmal Once One timeMox nix Irrelevant Macht s nix Das Macht nichts That Matters not Nix nootz Nix nootzie Misbehaving usually referring to a little kid Nixnutz Nichtsnutz No use Schnickelfritz Troublemaker usually referring to a little kid Schnickelfritz Schnacken Fritz Chatting Fritz Right like Exactly the same as Genau wie Yuscht wie Genau wie Just like Other idioms include Make wet meaning Is it going to rain hurrieder meaning faster and dippy eggs ecks meaning over easy or soft boiled eggs See also EditLunenburg English a dialect of Canadian English similarly influenced by German Northeast Pennsylvania English Philadelphia dialect North American English regional phonology Regional vocabularies of American EnglishReferences Edit Di Domizio Tony 2010 11 10 Pennsylvania Dutch dialect is still alive in the region Souderton Independent Lynch Larry Pennsylvania Dutch Structure Pronunciation and Popular Expressions Bright Hub Education External links Edit Pennsylvania German versus Germany German Get Germanized youtube com www wbr padutchdictionary wbr com www wbr deitshbooks wbr com Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Pennsylvania Dutch English amp oldid 1143775275, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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