Pedro Aguirre Cerda was born on February 6, 1879, in Pocuro, a small village near the city of Los Andes, Chile. He was the seventh of eleven children born to parents Juan Bautista Aguirre Campos and Clarisa Cerda Escudero. His father, a farmer, died in 1887 when he was eight years old, leaving his widowed mother to run the farm and raise the eleven children on her own. His family was of Basque descent.[1]
He completed his initial tertiary studies at the Pedagogical Institute of the University of Chile in Santiago, becoming a Spanish teacher. He continued his studies at the university's Faculty of Law, becoming a lawyer in 1904. In 1910, he received a government grant to study administrative and financial law at the Sorbonne in Paris and political economy and social legislation at the Collège de France. He returned to Chile in 1914 and took a position as a teacher at the Instituto Nacional and was elected as president of the National Society of Teachers. In 1916, he married his first cousin Juana Rosa Aguirre Luco, with whom he had no children.
He was a very distinguished teacher, attorney, deputy and senator. He was also the first dean of the new school of economy of the University of Chile. As a member of the Radical Party, he was minister of Public Instruction and of the Interior during the administrations of Juan Luis Sanfuentes and Arturo Alessandri. During the period of military domination, he was persecuted and became an active opposition leader to the government of GeneralCarlos Ibáñez del Campo.
He was chosen by the Popular Front coalition of left-wing parties and trade unions as its candidate in the 1938 Chilean presidential election, where he narrowly defeated right-wing candidate Gustavo Ross [es] of the Liberal-Conservative coalition by 4,111 votes.
Presidency
Monument commemorating Pedro Aguirre Cerda in Santiago
Aguirre Cerda assumed his duties as president on December 25, 1938, under the slogan "Gobernar es educar" (to govern is to educate). As a teacher, his priority in government was education. As such, he promoted the development of the technical-industrial schools as a means to promote the formation of technicians for the nascent industrialization of the country. He also created thousands of new regular schools and encouraged the growth of the university system to cover the whole of the country. Aguirre's government also redistributed some land, encouraged the formation of agricultural settlements, built low-cost housing and schools, and integrated the Marxist parties into the political system.[2]
During his first year he had to face military opposition to his plans, which boiled over with the so-called Ariostazo. He also promoted and campaigned for a Nobel prize for Gabriela Mistral, which only came to fruition under his successor, Juan Antonio Ríos.
On the economic side, and prompted in part by the devastating earthquake of 1939, he created the Production Development Corporation (Corporación de Fomento de la Producción - CORFO) to encourage with subsidies and direct investments an ambitious program of import substitution industrialization. This was the basis for the industrialization of Chile. From there sprung the steel, manufacturing and sugar industries.
In 1941, due to his rapidly escalating illness, he appointed his Minister of the Interior Jerónimo Méndez as vice-president to succeed him. He died soon after on November 25, 1941, in Santiago, Chile, from tuberculosis. Méndez served as acting president until Juan Antonio Rios, elected on February 1, 1942, took office on April 2.
pedro, aguirre, cerda, city, municipality, chile, chile, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, unsourced, material, challenged, removed, find, sources, news, newsp. For the city and municipality in Chile see Pedro Aguirre Cerda Chile This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Pedro Aguirre Cerda news newspapers books scholar JSTOR July 2009 Learn how and when to remove this template message In this Spanish name the first or paternal surname is Aguirre and the second or maternal family name is Cerda Pedro Abelino Aguirre Cerda American Spanish ˈpedɾo aˈɣire ˈseɾda February 6 1879 November 25 1941 was a Chilean political figure educator and lawyer who served as the 22nd president of Chile from 1938 until his death in 1941 A member of the Radical Party since 1906 he was chosen by the left wing Popular Front coalition as its candidate for the 1938 presidential election and won He had previously served as deputy for San Felipe Putaendo and Los Andes from 1915 to 1918 Minister of the Interior from January to September 1918 under president Juan Luis Sanfuentes deputy for Santiago from 1918 to 1921 Minister of Justice and Public Instruction from 1920 to 1921 under president Arturo Alessandri and senator for Concepcion from 1921 to 1927 He died two years and eleven months into his presidency on November 25 1941 at the age of 62 from tuberculosis His ExcellencyPedro Aguirre CerdaOMCh22nd President of ChileIn office December 25 1938 November 25 1941Preceded byArturo AlessandriSucceeded byJeronimo MendezPersonal detailsBorn 1879 02 06 February 6 1879Pocuro ChileDiedNovember 25 1941 1941 11 25 aged 62 Santiago ChileCause of deathTuberculosisResting placeCementerio General de SantiagoPolitical partyRadicalSpouseJuana Rosa Aguirre Luco m 1916 wbr EducationUniversity of Chile University of Paris College de FranceOccupationPoliticianeducatorlawyerSignature Contents 1 Early life 2 Presidency 3 Legacy 4 See also 5 References 6 External linksEarly life EditPedro Aguirre Cerda was born on February 6 1879 in Pocuro a small village near the city of Los Andes Chile He was the seventh of eleven children born to parents Juan Bautista Aguirre Campos and Clarisa Cerda Escudero His father a farmer died in 1887 when he was eight years old leaving his widowed mother to run the farm and raise the eleven children on her own His family was of Basque descent 1 He completed his initial tertiary studies at the Pedagogical Institute of the University of Chile in Santiago becoming a Spanish teacher He continued his studies at the university s Faculty of Law becoming a lawyer in 1904 In 1910 he received a government grant to study administrative and financial law at the Sorbonne in Paris and political economy and social legislation at the College de France He returned to Chile in 1914 and took a position as a teacher at the Instituto Nacional and was elected as president of the National Society of Teachers In 1916 he married his first cousin Juana Rosa Aguirre Luco with whom he had no children He was a very distinguished teacher attorney deputy and senator He was also the first dean of the new school of economy of the University of Chile As a member of the Radical Party he was minister of Public Instruction and of the Interior during the administrations of Juan Luis Sanfuentes and Arturo Alessandri During the period of military domination he was persecuted and became an active opposition leader to the government of General Carlos Ibanez del Campo He was chosen by the Popular Front coalition of left wing parties and trade unions as its candidate in the 1938 Chilean presidential election where he narrowly defeated right wing candidate Gustavo Ross es of the Liberal Conservative coalition by 4 111 votes Presidency Edit Monument commemorating Pedro Aguirre Cerda in Santiago Further information Presidential Republic Aguirre Cerda assumed his duties as president on December 25 1938 under the slogan Gobernar es educar to govern is to educate As a teacher his priority in government was education As such he promoted the development of the technical industrial schools as a means to promote the formation of technicians for the nascent industrialization of the country He also created thousands of new regular schools and encouraged the growth of the university system to cover the whole of the country Aguirre s government also redistributed some land encouraged the formation of agricultural settlements built low cost housing and schools and integrated the Marxist parties into the political system 2 During his first year he had to face military opposition to his plans which boiled over with the so called Ariostazo He also promoted and campaigned for a Nobel prize for Gabriela Mistral which only came to fruition under his successor Juan Antonio Rios On the economic side and prompted in part by the devastating earthquake of 1939 he created the Production Development Corporation Corporacion de Fomento de la Produccion CORFO to encourage with subsidies and direct investments an ambitious program of import substitution industrialization This was the basis for the industrialization of Chile From there sprung the steel manufacturing and sugar industries In 1941 due to his rapidly escalating illness he appointed his Minister of the Interior Jeronimo Mendez as vice president to succeed him He died soon after on November 25 1941 in Santiago Chile from tuberculosis Mendez served as acting president until Juan Antonio Rios elected on February 1 1942 took office on April 2 Legacy Edit A map highlighting of the Danco Coast near the Aguirre Passage on the Antarctic Peninsula In the Chilean Antarctic Expedition in 1950 51 the explorers named the Aguirre Passage between Lemaire Island and Danco Coast after Don Pedro Aguirre Cerda 3 Salvador Allende one of Aguirre Cerda s close associates and Minister of Health under his presidency would become president in 1970 See also EditEconomic history of Chile AriostazoReferences Edit Archived copy PDF Archived from the original PDF on 2013 10 02 Retrieved 2009 08 03 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint archived copy as title link A History of Chile 1808 1994 by Simon Collier and William F Sater This article incorporates public domain material from Aguirre Passage Geographic Names Information System United States Geological Survey External links EditTIME article on the political scene during President Aguirre s first year in power Pedro Aguirre Cerda at Find a Grave Political officesPreceded byPedro Garcia de la Huerta Minister of the Interior1920 1921 Succeeded byHector ArancibiaPreceded byDomingo Amunategui Minister of the Interior1924 Succeeded byJose MazaPreceded byCornelio Saavedra Montt Minister of the Interior1924 Succeeded byLuis AltamiranoPreceded byArturo Alessandri President of Chile1938 1941 Succeeded byJeronimo Mendez Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Pedro Aguirre Cerda amp oldid 1152108069, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
