Parangalitsa (Bulgarian: Парангалица), also spelled Parangalitza, is a nature reserve in Rila National Park, located in the Rila mountain range in southwestern Bulgaria. Parangalitsa is the nation's second oldest protected area, declared in July 1933 to protect undisturbed primary forests, particularly of Norway spruce (Picea abies) and several pine species.[2] Its original area was 1509 ha or 15,09 km2 and following several adjustments in 1961 and 2020, it currently spans a territory of 1487 ha or 14,87 km2.[3] It was declared a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve in 1977.[4] Parangalitsa is a strict nature reserve (1st category protected territory according to Bulgarian legislation and IUCN classification) and in it are allowed only scientific research, education and passing through the reserve only on marked trails.[4][5]
The two main habitats are primary undisturbed forests and sub-alpine and alpine vegetation. The areas between 1,750 and 2,000 m altitude are covered with old growth forests of Norway spruce (Picea abies) and Macedonian pine (Pinus peuce) forming some of the oldest conifer woods in Bulgaria and Europe, 150–350 years. Some of the spruces reach height of up to 62 m.[4][6] At lower altitudes there are mixed forests of Norway spruce, European silver fir (Abies alba) and European beech (Fagus sylvatica). Over 2,000 m are the zones of dwarf mountain pine (Pinus mugo) and alpine meadows. The flora is represented by more than 290 species of vascular plants. Some of the rare and endemic plants are Aquilegia aurea, Geum bulgaricum, Primula deorum, Jacobaea pancicii, Alchemilla catachnoa, Gentiana lutea, Gentiana punctata, Lilium jankae and Trollius europaeus.[3][4][7]
^Protected Area Profile for Parangalitsa Strict Nature Reserve October 16, 2023, at the Wayback Machine from the World Database on Protected Areas. Retrieved October 16, 2023.
^ abcde"Register of the Protected Territories and Zones in Bulgaria". Official Site of the Executive Environment Agency of Bulgaria. Retrieved 15 October 2023.
^ abcde"Parangalitsa Biosphere Reserve". Official Site of UNESCO. Retrieved 15 October 2023.
^"Parangalitsa Reserve". Official Tourism Portal of Bulgaria. Retrieved 15 October 2023.
Мичев (Michev), Николай (Nikolay); Михайлов (Mihaylov), Цветко (Tsvetko); Вапцаров (Vaptsarov), Иван (Ivan); Кираджиев (Kiradzhiev), Светлин (Svetlin) (1980). Географски речник на България [Geographic Dictionary of Bulgaria] (in Bulgarian). София (Sofia): Наука и култура (Nauka i kultura).
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Parangalitsa (reserve).
"Official Site of the Ministry of Environment and Water of Bulgaria". Retrieved 15 October 2023.
"Parangalitsa Biosphere Reserve". Official Site of UNESCO. Retrieved 15 October 2023.
"Parangalitsa Reserve". Official Tourism Portal of Bulgaria. Retrieved 15 October 2023.
April 14, 2024
parangalitsa, bulgarian, Парангалица, also, spelled, parangalitza, nature, reserve, rila, national, park, located, rila, mountain, range, southwestern, bulgaria, nation, second, oldest, protected, area, declared, july, 1933, protect, undisturbed, primary, fore. Parangalitsa Bulgarian Parangalica also spelled Parangalitza is a nature reserve in Rila National Park located in the Rila mountain range in southwestern Bulgaria Parangalitsa is the nation s second oldest protected area declared in July 1933 to protect undisturbed primary forests particularly of Norway spruce Picea abies and several pine species 2 Its original area was 1509 ha or 15 09 km2 and following several adjustments in 1961 and 2020 it currently spans a territory of 1487 ha or 14 87 km2 3 It was declared a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve in 1977 4 Parangalitsa is a strict nature reserve 1st category protected territory according to Bulgarian legislation and IUCN classification and in it are allowed only scientific research education and passing through the reserve only on marked trails 4 5 Parangalitsa Nature ReserveIUCN category Ia strict nature reserve 1 Location of Parangalitsa ReserveLocationBlagoevgrad Municipality Blagoevgrad Province BulgariaNearest cityRazlog BelitsaCoordinates42 01 17 N 23 24 29 E 42 02139 N 23 40806 E 42 02139 23 40806Area14 87 km2Established1933Governing bodyMinistry of Environment and WaterParangalitsa is situated in southwestern Rila in the valley of the river Blagoevgradska Bistritsa between 1 480 and 2 485 m altitude 6 Geologically it is dominated by gneiss and granite gneiss 6 Administratively it is part of Blagoevgrad Municipality Blagoevgrad Province within the area of the village of Bistritsa 3 Contents 1 Flora 2 Fauna 3 Citations 4 References 5 External linksFlora editThe two main habitats are primary undisturbed forests and sub alpine and alpine vegetation The areas between 1 750 and 2 000 m altitude are covered with old growth forests of Norway spruce Picea abies and Macedonian pine Pinus peuce forming some of the oldest conifer woods in Bulgaria and Europe 150 350 years Some of the spruces reach height of up to 62 m 4 6 At lower altitudes there are mixed forests of Norway spruce European silver fir Abies alba and European beech Fagus sylvatica Over 2 000 m are the zones of dwarf mountain pine Pinus mugo and alpine meadows The flora is represented by more than 290 species of vascular plants Some of the rare and endemic plants are Aquilegia aurea Geum bulgaricum Primula deorum Jacobaea pancicii Alchemilla catachnoa Gentiana lutea Gentiana punctata Lilium jankae and Trollius europaeus 3 4 7 Fauna editThe fauna is diverse with many rare mammals and birds Important conservation species include brown bear gray wolf red fox European pine marten European wildcat chamois red deer wild boar red squirrel western capercaillie golden eagle hazel grouse etc 3 4 Reptilians and fish are represented by species adapted to high altitudes such as common European viper viviparous lizard and river trout 3 Citations edit Protected Area Profile for Parangalitsa Strict Nature Reserve Archived October 16 2023 at the Wayback Machine from the World Database on Protected Areas Retrieved October 16 2023 Red Book of Bulgaria Volume I 2015 p 18 a b c d e Register of the Protected Territories and Zones in Bulgaria Official Site of the Executive Environment Agency of Bulgaria Retrieved 15 October 2023 a b c d e Parangalitsa Biosphere Reserve Official Site of UNESCO Retrieved 15 October 2023 Parangalitsa Reserve Official Tourism Portal of Bulgaria Retrieved 15 October 2023 a b c Geographic Dictionary of Bulgaria 1980 p 358 Red Book of Bulgaria Volume I 2015 pp 371 505 507References editMichev Michev Nikolaj Nikolay Mihajlov Mihaylov Cvetko Tsvetko Vapcarov Vaptsarov Ivan Ivan Kiradzhiev Kiradzhiev Svetlin Svetlin 1980 Geografski rechnik na Blgariya Geographic Dictionary of Bulgaria in Bulgarian Sofiya Sofia Nauka i kultura Nauka i kultura Golemanski Vasil Peev Dimitar Chipev Nesho Beron Petar Biserkov Valko 2015 Red Book of Bulgaria Volume I in Bulgarian Sofia Bulgarian Academy of Sciences ISBN 978 954 9746 18 1 External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Parangalitsa reserve Official Site of the Ministry of Environment and Water of Bulgaria Retrieved 15 October 2023 Parangalitsa Biosphere Reserve Official Site of UNESCO Retrieved 15 October 2023 Parangalitsa Reserve Official Tourism Portal of Bulgaria Retrieved 15 October 2023 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Parangalitsa amp oldid 1180444497, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
