"Green-banded swallowtail" redirects here. For the other butterfly with this common name, see Papilio phorcas.
Papilio nireus, the green-banded swallowtail, narrow-banded blue swallowtail, or African blue-banded swallowtail, is a butterfly of the family Papilionidae. It is found in Sub-Saharan Africa.
The wingspan is 75–90 millimetres (3.0–3.5 in) in males and 85–95 mm (3.3–3.7 in) in females. Forewing above at most with two blue submarginal spots in cellules 7 and 8; rarely in the female with several yellow ones; the blue (male) or greenish (female) median band is 2-7 mm broad at the hindmargin of the forewing and 4—12 mm in the middle of the hindwing, and is only a little widened posteriorly; the spot in cellule 2 of the hindwing does not completely cover the base of the cellule and the narrow spot in cellule lc does not reach the cell; forewing beneath almost always entirely without submarginal spots. [Nominate] Median band of the forewing above well developed, the spots of cellules 2—4 obliquely cut off distally; the discal spot in cellule 2 of the hindwing is very long and produced farther towards the anal angle than the spot in cellule 1 c. Sierra Leone to Angola and Uganda. — lyaeus Dbl. The median band narrower, but complete; the spot in cellule 2 of the hindwing is shorter and does not reach so far towards the anal angle as the one in 1 c. Larva above green, beneath whitish, with a whitish oblique longitudinal streak at each side on segments 7 and 8 and a girdle of ring-shaped spots on the third segment. Cape Colony to Angola and British East Africa. male ab. aelyus Suff. only differs from lyaeus in the discal spot in cellule 1 a of the forewing being entirely wanting and the one in cellule 1 b divided into two; German East Africa.— pseudonireus Fldr. (= donaldsoni Em. Sharpe). The median band is altogether absent on the forewing or is only represented by a few very small spots; on the hindwing it is formed as in lyaeus. Somali¬ land and Abyssinia. [2]
Biology
It flies year-round, with peaks from November to February.[3]
Papilio nireus belongs to a clade called the nireusspecies group with 15 members. The pattern is black with green bands and spots and the butterflies, although called swallowtails, lack tails with the exception of Papilio charopus and Papilio hornimani. The clade members are:
^ abcPapilio nireus at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms
^Aurivillius, [P.O.]C. 1908-1924. In: Seitz, A. Die Großschmetterlinge der Erde Band 13: Abt. 2, Die exotischen Großschmetterlinge, Die afrikanischen Tagfalter, 1925, 613 Seiten, 80 Tafeln (The Macrolepidoptera of the World 13).Alfred Kernen Verlag, Stuttgart. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
^Woodhall, Steve (2005). Field Guide to Butterflies of South Africa. Cape Town, South Africa: Struik. p. 352. ISBN978-1-86872-724-7.
^ Doubleday, E. 1845. Descriptions of new or imperfectly described diurnal lepidoptera.Annals and Magazine of Natural History (1) 16: 176-182. Full text
^ Felder, C. and Felder , R. [1865-1867] Reise der Osterreichischen Fregatte Novara Full text
Carcasson, R.H. (1960) "The Swallowtail Butterflies of East Africa (Lepidoptera, Papilionidae)". Journal of the East Africa Natural History Society pdf Key to East Africa members of the species group, diagnostic and other notes and figures. (Permission to host granted by The East Africa Natural History Society)
Hancock, David Lawrence. (1984) The Princeps nireus group of swallowtails (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae): systematics, phylogeny and biogeography. Arnoldia Zimbabwe 9(12):181-215.
External links
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papilio, nireus, green, banded, swallowtail, redirects, here, other, butterfly, with, this, common, name, papilio, phorcas, green, banded, swallowtail, narrow, banded, blue, swallowtail, african, blue, banded, swallowtail, butterfly, family, papilionidae, foun. Green banded swallowtail redirects here For the other butterfly with this common name see Papilio phorcas Papilio nireus the green banded swallowtail narrow banded blue swallowtail or African blue banded swallowtail is a butterfly of the family Papilionidae It is found in Sub Saharan Africa Green banded swallowtailboth P n lyaeusSemliki Wildlife Reserve UgandaScientific classificationKingdom AnimaliaPhylum ArthropodaClass InsectaOrder LepidopteraFamily PapilionidaeGenus PapilioSpecies P nireusBinomial namePapilio nireusLinnaeus 1758 1 SynonymsPapilio erinus Gray 1853 Papilio nireus f nora Strand 1915 Papilio nireus f dimidiatus Le Cerf 1924 Papilio nireoides Braun 1932 Papilio nireus nireus ab bedoci Dufrane 1946 Papilio nireus nireus ab punctata Dufrane 1946 Papilio nireus nireus ab seeldrayersi Dufrane 1946 Papilio nireus nireus ab pierardi Dufrane 1946 Papilio nireus nireus ab falcata Dufrane 1946 Papilio nireus nireus f houzeaui Dufrane 1946 Papilio nireus nireus f tenuivittata Dufrane 1946 Papilio nireus nireus var xerophila Storace 1952 Papilio nireus micronireus Storace 1952 Papilio nireus ab lyaeoides Storace 1952 Papilio nireus nireus f cedeae Sala 1992 Papilio lyaeus Doubleday 1845 Papilio lyaeus aelyus Suffert 1904 Papilio mantitheus Ehrmann 1920 Papilio nireus lyaeus f callistria Le Cerf 1927 Papilio nireus pseudonireus f pseudonireoides Storace 1952 Papilio donaldsoni Sharpe 1896 Papilio nireus var abyssinica Cannaviello 1900 Papilio nireus pseudonireus ab pseudolyaeus Storace 1952 Papilio nireus pseudonireus ab anticemaculata Storace 1952 Papilio nireus pseudonireus ab minor Storace 1952 Papilio nireus pseudonireus f semivittata Storace 1952 Contents 1 Description 2 Biology 3 Subspecies 4 Taxonomy 5 References 6 External linksDescription EditThe wingspan is 75 90 millimetres 3 0 3 5 in in males and 85 95 mm 3 3 3 7 in in females Forewing above at most with two blue submarginal spots in cellules 7 and 8 rarely in the female with several yellow ones the blue male or greenish female median band is 2 7 mm broad at the hindmargin of the forewing and 4 12 mm in the middle of the hindwing and is only a little widened posteriorly the spot in cellule 2 of the hindwing does not completely cover the base of the cellule and the narrow spot in cellule lc does not reach the cell forewing beneath almost always entirely without submarginal spots Nominate Median band of the forewing above well developed the spots of cellules 2 4 obliquely cut off distally the discal spot in cellule 2 of the hindwing is very long and produced farther towards the anal angle than the spot in cellule 1 c Sierra Leone to Angola and Uganda lyaeus Dbl The median band narrower but complete the spot in cellule 2 of the hindwing is shorter and does not reach so far towards the anal angle as the one in 1 c Larva above green beneath whitish with a whitish oblique longitudinal streak at each side on segments 7 and 8 and a girdle of ring shaped spots on the third segment Cape Colony to Angola and British East Africa male ab aelyus Suff only differs from lyaeus in the discal spot in cellule 1 a of the forewing being entirely wanting and the one in cellule 1 b divided into two German East Africa pseudonireus Fldr donaldsoni Em Sharpe The median band is altogether absent on the forewing or is only represented by a few very small spots on the hindwing it is formed as in lyaeus Somali land and Abyssinia 2 Biology EditIt flies year round with peaks from November to February 3 The larvae feed on Calodendrum capense Vepris species and Citrus species 1 Subspecies EditListed alphabetically 1 P n lyaeus Doubleday 1845 4 narrowly green banded swallowtail Sudan Uganda Kenya Tanzania Malawi Zambia Mozambique Zimbabwe Botswana Namibia South Africa Swaziland P n nireus Linnaeus 1758 Senegal Gambia Guinea Bissau Guinea Burkina Faso Sierra Leone Liberia Ivory Coast Ghana Togo Benin southern Nigeria Cameroon Equatorial Guinea Gabon Congo Angola Central African Republic Democratic Republic of the Congo Uganda western Tanzania Zambia P n pseudonireus C amp R Felder 1865 5 northern Kenya northern Uganda southern Sudan Somalia Ethiopia Eritrea P n nireus dorsal sideBobiri Forest Ghana P n nireus ventral sideBobiri Forest Ghana P n lyaeus in flight Semliki Wildlife Reserve Uganda P n pseudonireus Harenna Forest Ethiopia P n pseudonireus Harenna Forest EthiopiaTaxonomy EditPapilio nireus belongs to a clade called the nireus species group with 15 members The pattern is black with green bands and spots and the butterflies although called swallowtails lack tails with the exception of Papilio charopus and Papilio hornimani The clade members are Papilio aristophontes Oberthur 1897 Papilio nireus Linnaeus 1758 Papilio charopus Westwood 1843 Papilio chitondensis de Sousa amp Fernandes 1966 Papilio chrapkowskii Suffert 1904 Papilio chrapkowskoides Storace 1952 Papilio desmondi van Someren 1939 Papilio hornimani Distant 1879 Papilio interjectana Vane Wright 1995 Papilio manlius Fabricius 1798 Papilio microps Storace 1951 Papilio sosia Rothschild amp Jordan 1903 Papilio thuraui Karsch 1900 Papilio ufipa Carcasson 1961 Papilio wilsoni Rothschild 1926References Edit a b c Papilio nireus at Markku Savela s Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms Aurivillius P O C 1908 1924 In Seitz A Die Grossschmetterlinge der Erde Band 13 Abt 2 Die exotischen Grossschmetterlinge Die afrikanischen Tagfalter 1925 613 Seiten 80 Tafeln The Macrolepidoptera of the World 13 Alfred Kernen Verlag Stuttgart This article incorporates text from this source which is in the public domain Woodhall Steve 2005 Field Guide to Butterflies of South Africa Cape Town South Africa Struik p 352 ISBN 978 1 86872 724 7 Doubleday E 1845 Descriptions of new or imperfectly described diurnal lepidoptera Annals and Magazine of Natural History 1 16 176 182 Full text Felder C and Felder R 1865 1867 Reise der Osterreichischen Fregatte Novara Full text Carcasson R H 1960 The Swallowtail Butterflies of East Africa Lepidoptera Papilionidae Journal of the East Africa Natural History Society pdf Key to East Africa members of the species group diagnostic and other notes and figures Permission to host granted by The East Africa Natural History Society Hancock David Lawrence 1984 The Princeps nireus group of swallowtails Lepidoptera Papilionidae systematics phylogeny and biogeography Arnoldia Zimbabwe 9 12 181 215 External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Papilio nireus Linnean collections Photographs of the holotype This Papilionidae related article is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Papilio nireus amp oldid 1080301542, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
