A neuroma (/njʊəˈroʊmə/; plural: neuromata or neuromas) is a growth or tumor of nerve tissue.[1] Neuromas tend to be benign (i.e. not cancerous); many nerve tumors, including those that are commonly malignant, are nowadays referred to by other terms.
The term is also used to refer to any swelling of a nerve, even in the absence of abnormal cell growth. In particular, traumatic neuroma results from trauma to a nerve, often during a surgical procedure. Morton's neuroma affects the foot. Neuromas can be painful, or sometimes, as in the case of acoustic neuromas, can give rise to other symptoms.
Some of the benign varieties of neuroma, in the broadest sense of the term, are not neoplasms.
Traumatic neuroma follows different forms of nerve injury (often as a result of surgery). They occur at the end of injured nerve fibres as a form of ineffective, unregulated nerve regeneration; it occurs most commonly near a scar, either superficially (skin, subcutaneous fat) or deep (e.g., after a cholecystectomy). They are often very painful. Synonyms include scar neuroma, amputation neuroma, or pseudoneuroma.
Morton's neuroma (a mononeuropathy of the foot) is another example of the more general usage of the term neuroma. Some prefer the term "Morton's metatarsalgia", thus avoiding the term neuroma and its association with tumors.[6]
Etymologyedit
The stem neuro- originates from the Greek word for nerve (νεῦρον), while the suffix -oma (-ωμα) denotes swelling.[7] The stem does not imply that neuromas necessarily arise from neurons; neuromas generally arise from non-neuronal nerve tissues. The word was originally used to refer to any nerve tumor, but its meaning has evolved.[7]
Referencesedit
^"Neuroma". Dorland's Illustrated Medical Dictionary (32nd ed.). Oxford University Press. 2011. p. 5287. ISBN978-1-4557-0985-4. Retrieved 25 August 2013.
^"Acoustic Neuroma". NHS Choices. Retrieved 30 August 2013.
^"Acoustic neuroma". PubMed Health. A.D.A.M. Medical Encyclopedia. NLM. Retrieved 21 December 2014.
^Zanardi F, Cooke RM, Maiorana A, Curti S, Farioli A, Bonfiglioli R, Violante FS, Mattioli S (2011). ""Is this case of a very rare disease work-related?" A review of reported cases of Pacinian neuroma". Scand J Work Environ Health. 37 (3): 253–8. doi:10.5271/sjweh.3132. hdl:11380/738485. PMID 21082159.
neuroma, neuroma, ʊəˈr, plural, neuromata, neuromas, growth, tumor, nerve, tissue, tend, benign, cancerous, many, nerve, tumors, including, those, that, commonly, malignant, nowadays, referred, other, terms, solitary, circumscribed, neuromaspecialtyoncology, a. A neuroma nj ʊeˈr oʊ m e plural neuromata or neuromas is a growth or tumor of nerve tissue 1 Neuromas tend to be benign i e not cancerous many nerve tumors including those that are commonly malignant are nowadays referred to by other terms NeuromaSolitary circumscribed neuromaSpecialtyOncology Neuromas can arise from different types of nervous tissue including the nerve fibers and their myelin sheath as in the case of genuine neoplasms growths like ganglioneuromas and neurinomas The term is also used to refer to any swelling of a nerve even in the absence of abnormal cell growth In particular traumatic neuroma results from trauma to a nerve often during a surgical procedure Morton s neuroma affects the foot Neuromas can be painful or sometimes as in the case of acoustic neuromas can give rise to other symptoms Contents 1 Neoplasms 2 Other nerve swellings 3 Etymology 4 ReferencesNeoplasms editAcoustic neuroma a slow growing benign tumor of the acoustic nerve 2 Symptoms which most often start after the age of 30 can include dizziness headache vertigo loss of balance ringing sensations and numbness 3 Ganglioneuroma a tumor of the sympathetic nerve fibers arising from neural crest cells 4 Pacinian neuroma a very rare painful benign hyperplastic tumor of Pacinian corpuscles mechanoreceptors responsible for sensitivity to vibration and pressure sometimes linked to a history of local trauma 5 Other nerve swellings editSome of the benign varieties of neuroma in the broadest sense of the term are not neoplasms Traumatic neuroma follows different forms of nerve injury often as a result of surgery They occur at the end of injured nerve fibres as a form of ineffective unregulated nerve regeneration it occurs most commonly near a scar either superficially skin subcutaneous fat or deep e g after a cholecystectomy They are often very painful Synonyms include scar neuroma amputation neuroma or pseudoneuroma Morton s neuroma a mononeuropathy of the foot is another example of the more general usage of the term neuroma Some prefer the term Morton s metatarsalgia thus avoiding the term neuroma and its association with tumors 6 Etymology editThe stem neuro originates from the Greek word for nerve neῦron while the suffix oma wma denotes swelling 7 The stem does not imply that neuromas necessarily arise from neurons neuromas generally arise from non neuronal nerve tissues The word was originally used to refer to any nerve tumor but its meaning has evolved 7 References edit Neuroma Dorland s Illustrated Medical Dictionary 32nd ed Oxford University Press 2011 p 5287 ISBN 978 1 4557 0985 4 Retrieved 25 August 2013 Acoustic Neuroma NHS Choices Retrieved 30 August 2013 Acoustic neuroma PubMed Health A D A M Medical Encyclopedia NLM Retrieved 21 December 2014 Gross Kenneth 2006 09 25 Ganglioneuroma Retrieved 2007 05 09 Zanardi F Cooke RM Maiorana A Curti S Farioli A Bonfiglioli R Violante FS Mattioli S 2011 Is this case of a very rare disease work related A review of reported cases of Pacinian neuroma Scand J Work Environ Health 37 3 253 8 doi 10 5271 sjweh 3132 hdl 11380 738485 PMID 21082159 Morton s metatarsalgia GPnotebook a b neuroma Oxford English Dictionary Online ed Oxford University Press Subscription or participating institution membership required Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Neuroma amp oldid 1170914783, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
