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Otto II, Duke of Pomerania

April 11, 2024

Otto II (c. 1380 – 27 March 1428) was a Duke of Pomerania-Stettin from the House of Griffin.

Otto II, Duke of Pomerania
Bornc. 1380
Died(1428-03-27)27 March 1428
Noble familyHouse of Griffin
Spouse(s)Agnes of Mecklenburg
FatherSwantibor III, Duke of Pomerania
MotherAnna of Hohenzollern

Life edit

Otto II was the eldest son of Duke Swantibor III, of Pomerania-Stettin and his wife Anna of Hohenzollern.

When Otto was about 20 years old, his father tried to make him the Archbishop of Riga, which, against the will of the Teutonic Knights, who preferred John of Wallenrode as Archbishop. Otto was confirmed as Archbishop in 1394 by King Wenceslaus and in 1396, he went to Dorpat, where he created an alliance with Grand Duke Vytautas of Lithuania. In the following years, however, the Teutonic Order prevailed and Otto returned to Pomerania and this episode was without lasting results.

Otto's father, Duke Swantibor III, had been governor of the Mittelmark, a part of Brandenburg since 1409. When Burgrave Frederick VI of Nuremberg, the later Elector Frederick I of Brandenburg, was appointed Margrave of Brandenburg by Emperor Sigismund and Duke Swantibor hun on to his post as governor of the Mittelmark, armed clashes between the two resulted. Swantibor III retired in 1412 and left government to his two sons Otto II and Casimir V. They fought the inconclusive Battle of Kremmer Damm against Brandenburg on 12 October 1412.

When Duke Swantibor III died on 21 June 1413, Otto II and Casimir V decided to rule Pomerania-Stettin jointly. The war with Brandenburg continued. In 1415, Emperor Sigismund outlawed Otto II and Casimir V, at the request of Frederick I. On 16 December 1415, the brothers signed a peace treaty with Frederick in Eberswalde. Pomerania gave up the Uckermark, Boitzenburg and Zehdenick in exchange for monetary compensation. Nevertheless, the fighting continued, with varying results. In 1419, Otto II took the city of Prenzlau. However, in 1420, he suffered a crushing defeat at Angermünde and he lost Prenzlau again. In 1425, Otto II and Casimir V managed to capture Prenzlau by surprise. However, they lost it again in 1426.

Brandenburg raised the question of Pomerania's imperial immediacy. Brandenburg claimed that Pomerania was a fief of Brandenburg; the Duke of Pomerania claimed they were immediately subordinate to the Empire. In 1417, Emperor Sigismund invested Otto II with Pomerania-Stettin, subject to the rights of Brandenburg; in 1424, Casimir V was invested by the Emperor without such a restriction.

In 1426, Frederick abdicated in favor of his eldest son John. Later that year, Otto II and Casimir V made peace with John and on 16 June 1427, a peace treaty was signed in Templin between John and all the Dukes of Pomerania.

Otto II died on 27 March 1428. From that date, his brother Casimir V ruled Pomerania-Stettin alone.

Marriage edit

Otto II was married to Agnes of Mecklenburg, a daughter of Duke John II of Mecklenburg-Stargard. They had no children.

Sometimes it is alleged that Otto had earlier married a daughter of Grand Duke Vytautas of Lithuania. According to the historian Martin Wehrmann, there is no evidence for such a marriage and the rumour is probably based on the alliance between Otto and Vytautas.[1]

Ancestors edit

See also edit

References edit

  • Gottfried von Bülow (1887), "Otto II. und Casimir VI.", Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (in German), vol. 25, Leipzig: Duncker & Humblot, pp. 785–787
  • Klaus Conrad: Herzogliche Schwäche und städtische Macht in der zweiten Hälfte des 14. und im 15. Jahrhundert, in: Werner Buchholz (ed.): Deutsche Geschichte im Osten Europas. Pommern, Siedler Verlag, Berlin, 1999, ISBN 3-88680-272-8, p. 127–202

Footnotes edit

  1. ^ Martin Wehrmann: Genealogie des pommerschen Herzogshauses, Verlag Leon Sauniers Buchhandlung, Stettin, 1937, p. 69

April 11, 2024
otto, duke, pomerania, otto, 1380, march, 1428, duke, pomerania, stettin, from, house, griffin, bornc, 1380died, 1428, march, 1428noble, familyhouse, griffinspouse, agnes, mecklenburgfatherswantibor, duke, pomeraniamotheranna, hohenzollern, contents, life, mar. Otto II c 1380 27 March 1428 was a Duke of Pomerania Stettin from the House of Griffin Otto II Duke of PomeraniaBornc 1380Died 1428 03 27 27 March 1428Noble familyHouse of GriffinSpouse s Agnes of MecklenburgFatherSwantibor III Duke of PomeraniaMotherAnna of Hohenzollern Contents 1 Life 2 Marriage 3 Ancestors 4 See also 5 References 6 FootnotesLife editOtto II was the eldest son of Duke Swantibor III of Pomerania Stettin and his wife Anna of Hohenzollern When Otto was about 20 years old his father tried to make him the Archbishop of Riga which against the will of the Teutonic Knights who preferred John of Wallenrode as Archbishop Otto was confirmed as Archbishop in 1394 by King Wenceslaus and in 1396 he went to Dorpat where he created an alliance with Grand Duke Vytautas of Lithuania In the following years however the Teutonic Order prevailed and Otto returned to Pomerania and this episode was without lasting results Otto s father Duke Swantibor III had been governor of the Mittelmark a part of Brandenburg since 1409 When Burgrave Frederick VI of Nuremberg the later Elector Frederick I of Brandenburg was appointed Margrave of Brandenburg by Emperor Sigismund and Duke Swantibor hun on to his post as governor of the Mittelmark armed clashes between the two resulted Swantibor III retired in 1412 and left government to his two sons Otto II and Casimir V They fought the inconclusive Battle of Kremmer Damm against Brandenburg on 12 October 1412 When Duke Swantibor III died on 21 June 1413 Otto II and Casimir V decided to rule Pomerania Stettin jointly The war with Brandenburg continued In 1415 Emperor Sigismund outlawed Otto II and Casimir V at the request of Frederick I On 16 December 1415 the brothers signed a peace treaty with Frederick in Eberswalde Pomerania gave up the Uckermark Boitzenburg and Zehdenick in exchange for monetary compensation Nevertheless the fighting continued with varying results In 1419 Otto II took the city of Prenzlau However in 1420 he suffered a crushing defeat at Angermunde and he lost Prenzlau again In 1425 Otto II and Casimir V managed to capture Prenzlau by surprise However they lost it again in 1426 Brandenburg raised the question of Pomerania s imperial immediacy Brandenburg claimed that Pomerania was a fief of Brandenburg the Duke of Pomerania claimed they were immediately subordinate to the Empire In 1417 Emperor Sigismund invested Otto II with Pomerania Stettin subject to the rights of Brandenburg in 1424 Casimir V was invested by the Emperor without such a restriction In 1426 Frederick abdicated in favor of his eldest son John Later that year Otto II and Casimir V made peace with John and on 16 June 1427 a peace treaty was signed in Templin between John and all the Dukes of Pomerania Otto II died on 27 March 1428 From that date his brother Casimir V ruled Pomerania Stettin alone Marriage editOtto II was married to Agnes of Mecklenburg a daughter of Duke John II of Mecklenburg Stargard They had no children Sometimes it is alleged that Otto had earlier married a daughter of Grand Duke Vytautas of Lithuania According to the historian Martin Wehrmann there is no evidence for such a marriage and the rumour is probably based on the alliance between Otto and Vytautas 1 Ancestors editAncestors of Otto II Duke of Pomerania16 Barnim I Duke of Pomerania8 Otto I Duke of Pomerania17 Matilda of Brandenburg Salzwedel4 Barnim III Duke of Pomerania18 Gerhard II Count of Holstein Plon9 Elisabeth of Holstein19 Ingeborg of Sweden2 Swantibor III Duke of Pomerania20 Henry I Duke of Brunswick Grubenhagen10 Henry II Duke of Brunswick Luneburg21 Agnes of Meissen5 Agnes of Brunswick Grubenhagen22 Henry I Margrave of Brandenburg Stendal11 Judith of Brandenburg Stendal23 Agnes of Bavaria1 Otto II Duke of Pomerania24 Frederick III of Nuremberg12 Frederick IV Burgrave of Nuremberg25 Helene of Saxony6 Albert of Zollern26 Albert of Carinthia13 Margaret of Gorizia27 Agnes of Hohenberg3 Anna of Nuremberg28 Berthold IV Count of Henneberg Schleusingen14 Henry IV Count of Henneberg Schleusingen29 Adelaide of Hesse7 Sophie of Henneberg Schleusingen30 Herman Margrave of Brandenburg Salzwedel15 Judith of Brandenburg Salzwedel31 Anne of AustriaSee also editList of Pomeranian duchies and dukesReferences editGottfried von Bulow 1887 Otto II und Casimir VI Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie in German vol 25 Leipzig Duncker amp Humblot pp 785 787 Klaus Conrad Herzogliche Schwache und stadtische Macht in der zweiten Halfte des 14 und im 15 Jahrhundert in Werner Buchholz ed Deutsche Geschichte im Osten Europas Pommern Siedler Verlag Berlin 1999 ISBN 3 88680 272 8 p 127 202Footnotes edit Martin Wehrmann Genealogie des pommerschen Herzogshauses Verlag Leon Sauniers Buchhandlung Stettin 1937 p 69 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Otto II Duke of Pomerania amp oldid 1207429083, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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