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Order of Karađorđe's Star

January 01, 1970

For the Republika Srpska order, see Order of Karađorđe Star of Republika Srpska.

The Order of Karađorđe's Star (Serbian Cyrillic: Орден Карађорђеве звезде, romanized: Orden Karađorđeve zvezde) is the third highest state order of Serbia. The order is awarded by the decree of the President of the Republic on special occasions, typically at the ceremonies held on the Statehood Day. It is awarded for special merits and successes in representing Serbia and its citizens. It can be awarded to individuals and institutions.

Order of Karađorđe's Star
Орден Карађорђеве звезде
The Grand Cross of the dynastic order
Awarded by
 Kingdom of Serbia
 Kingdom of Yugoslavia
 Republic of Serbia
House of Karađorđević
TypeState order (1904-1945; 2010- )
Dynastic order (since 1945)
Established1904
EligibilitySerbian citizens
Awarded forSpecial merits and successes in representing Serbia and its citizens (State order)
StatusActive
Classes1st grade, 2nd grade, 3rd grade
(Republic of Serbia)
Grand Cross, Grand Officer, Commander, Officer, Knight/Dame
(H. of Karađorđević)
Statistics
First induction1904 (Kingdom of Serbia)
1945 (House of Karađorđević)
2010 (Republic of Serbia)
Precedence
Next (higher)Order of the Serbian Flag
(Republic of Serbia)
Order of St. Prince Lazar
(H. of Karađorđević)
Next (lower)Order of the White Eagle with the swords
(Republic of Serbia)
Order of the White Eagle
(H. of Karađorđević)

  • 1st class

  • 2nd class

  • 3rd class

Ribbon bars of the state order

Order of Karađorđe's Star is also a dynastic order, with appointments currently made by Alexander, Crown Prince of Yugoslavia.

Originating in the Kingdom of Serbia it was initially awarded exclusively to Serbian citizens in return for services rendered to the Serbian state and the Serbian people. During the Balkan Wars and World War I, the order was mostly awarded for acts of bravery on the battlefield. The post-war Kingdom of Yugoslavia retained the order, and it was awarded by the Yugoslav government-in-exile until the end of World War II. Following the war, the monarchy was abolished and a communist government came to power suppressing the order along with other monarchist symbols, although it continued as a dynastic order, awarded by the Karađorđević family in exile.

History edit

The Order of Karađorđe's Star was instituted by the royal decree of King Peter I on 1 January 1904, commemorating his recent accession to the Serbian throne, as well as the one-hundredth anniversary of the First Serbian Uprising. It was meant to replace the Order of the Cross of Takovo and the Order of Miloš the Great, two decorations that had been awarded by the rival Obrenović dynasty, which ruled Serbia prior to the May 1903 coup d'état that reinstated Peter's Karađorđević dynasty after several decades in exile. The first award was disagreeable to the Karađorđevićes and their supporters because it was named after Takovo, the village where Obrenović dynasty founder Miloš Obrenović had launched the Second Serbian Uprising. The Order of Miloš the Great had to be replaced as it was named after Obrenović himself.[1]

Initially, the Order of Karađorđe's Star was categorized as a senior state award, and organized into four classes. The Grand Cross of Karađorđe's Star, the highest class, consisted of a badge of the Order on a sash and breast star; a Grand Officer of Karađorđe's Star was decorated with a badge necklet and a slightly smaller breast star; a Commander of Karađorđe's Star was only awarded a badge necklet; and the recipient of the Order's fourth class, the Officer of Karađorđe's Star, would receive a small triangular chest ribbon.[2] The Order was usually awarded for services to the Karađorđević dynasty, the Serbian state or the Serb people, while Karađorđević princes received a Grand Cross at baptism. Recipients included both soldiers and civilians, though until 1906 only Serbian citizens were permitted to receive the award.[1]

During the Balkan Wars, the Kingdom of Serbia introduced the War Merit Order of Karađorđe's Star to reward acts of "conspicuous gallantry of commissioned officers in the field", as well as the battlefield victories of the Royal Serbian Army's senior officers; non-commissioned officers and soldiers in the field were ineligible.[1] In June 1915, at the height of World War I, the Kingdom of Serbia instituted a sub-division of the War Merit Order, called the Military Order, which was awarded to NCOs and soldiers for bravery in combat. The War Merit Order was divided into two classes: the 1st division Gold Cross and the 2nd division Silver Cross.[2] One of the recipients of the Military Order was the highly decorated female soldier Milunka Savić,[3] and another was Flora Sandes,[4][5] the only British woman to openly serve as a soldier in the war.[6] Several senior Serbian military leaders were recipients of the War Merit Order, including Prince Regent Alexander, and Field marshals Živojin Mišić and Stepa Stepanović. Foreign recipients included American General John J. Pershing, the British Field marshal Douglas Haig, the French generals Joseph Joffre, Maurice Sarrail, Philippe Pétain, and Louis Franchet d'Espèrey, and King Ferdinand I of Romania.[1]

 
Flora Sandes was recipient of the order received in 1916. She fought in the Royal Serbian Army during World War I and was the only British woman to officially serve as a soldier in the conflict

The Kingdom of Yugoslavia retained the order after World War I.[7] In 1939, it was awarded to the city of Belgrade.[8] During World War II, Peter II bestowed the order upon a number of Chetniks on the recommendation of Chetnik leader Draža Mihailović. Some of the decorated Chetnik commanders included Pavle Đurišić,[9] Dobroslav Jevđević,[10] Momčilo Đujić,[11] Brane Bogunović[12] and Uroš Drenović.[13] These decorations proved controversial both during and after the war, as many of the commanders cooperated with the armed forces of Germany, Italy or even Independent State of Croatia against the Communist-led Yugoslav Partisans for most of the occupation period. Such a discrepancy can best be seen in the case of Đujić, who was given the order for displaying "gallantry in the face of the enemy", and subsequently celebrated receiving it at an Italian general's headquarters.[11] In Jevđević's case, the Order was given in 1943 for his services to the Serb population of Herzegovina during a series of Ustaše massacres, but Mihailović had news of the award suppressed, because Jevđević had visited Rome to plan an anti-communist offensive with the Italians and his forces had carried out several massacres of non-Serbs over the previous several years.[10]

After the war, Yugoslavia came under the rule of communist president Josip Broz Tito, and Karađorđević-era medals and orders were replaced by non-royal decorations, such as the Order of the People's Hero.[14] In the 1990s, the Republika Srpska instated its own decoration also called the Order of Karađorđe's Star, though this is not to be confused with the decoration historically awarded by Serbian state and the Karađorđević dynasty.[1][a]

In 2010, the order was reinstated as an official state order, being third highest state decoration.[14] In 2012, tennis player Novak Djokovic became the first person to receive the Order after it was reinstated.[17][18] In 2020, Nobel Prize winner Peter Handke received the order.[19]

Design edit

The order comes in either gold or silver depending on class, and the obverse features a white enameled cross pattée with gilt rays protruding from each of the arms. The rays are intersected diagonally by a pair of sabres when the recipient is awarded an Order "with swords". Dznastic orders contain a blue medallion at the centre depicting a Serbian cross with a fire-steel at each corner, with the words "For Faith and Freedom, 1804" etched into the small circle in the middle of the cross. The reverse of these orders contains a red medallion depicting a white eagle, with the words "Peter I, 1904" written around it. The bravery medals awarded from 1915 onwards were almost identical to the orders awarded before, save for the crossed swords being present on all of them regardless of class. Such orders also lacked the phrase etched into the obverse of the older ones and the date 1904 on the reverse, which marked the centenary of the First Serbian Uprising. Instead, they merely had King Peter's name on the obverse beside the year when the order was bestowed.[2]

Ranks edit

State Order of Karađorđe's Star has three classes.

1st class 2nd class 3rd class
 
 
 

Notable recipients edit

 
Tennis player Novak Djokovic was the first person to receive the Order after its reinstatement in 2010

1st class edit

2nd class edit

3rd class edit

Footnotes edit

  1. ^ Đujić received the Republika Srpska's Order in 1998 for his contributions to the Bosnian Serbs,[15] as did the warlord Željko Ražnatović ("Arkan").[16]

References edit

  1. ^ a b c d e Serbian Royal Family 1997.
  2. ^ a b c Clarke 2000, p. 218.
  3. ^ Voice of Serbia 17 July 2014.
  4. ^ The New York Times 31 December 1916.
  5. ^ Finder 2000, p. 249.
  6. ^ Smith 2000, p. 8.
  7. ^ Banac 1984, p. 150.
  8. ^ City of Belgrade 25 December 2003.
  9. ^ Maclean 1957, p. 210.
  10. ^ a b Roberts 1973, p. 68.
  11. ^ a b Maclean 1949, pp. 354–55.
  12. ^ Dedijer 1946, p. 387.
  13. ^ Dedijer 1990, p. 17.
  14. ^ a b Glas javnosti 6 May 2010.
  15. ^ Hoare 2007, p. 354.
  16. ^ Demaria & Wright 2006, p. 94.
  17. ^ Balkan Insight 14 February 2012.
  18. ^ CNN 16 February 2012.
  19. ^ Serbia, RTS, Radio televizija Srbije, Radio Television of. "Uručena odlikovanja povodom Dana državnosti". www.rts.rs. Retrieved 2020-02-15.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

Works cited edit

Books
  • Banac, Ivo (1984). The National Question in Yugoslavia: Origins, History, Politics. Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Press. ISBN 978-0-8014-9493-2.
  • Clarke, John (2000). Gallantry Medals & Decorations of the World. London: Pen and Sword Books. ISBN 978-0-85052-783-4.
  • Dedijer, Vladimir (1946). Dnevnik: Svedočanstva iz oslobodilačkog rata. (Od 28 Novembra 1942 do 10 Novembra 1943). Državni izdavački zavod Jugoslavije.
  • Dedijer, Vladimir (1990). The War Diaries of Vladimir Dedijer. Vol. 2. Ann Arbor, Michigan: University of Michigan Press. ISBN 978-0-472-10109-2.
  • Demaria, Cristina; Wright, Colin (2006). Post-conflict Cultures: Rules of Representation. New York: Zoilus Press. ISBN 978-1-902878-58-4.
  • Finder, Jennifer (2000). "Women Travellers in the Balkans: A Biographical Guide". In Allcock, John B.; Young, Antonia (eds.). Black Lambs and Grey Falcons: Women Travellers in the Balkans (2 ed.). Bradford, Yorkshire: University of Bradford. ISBN 978-1-57181-807-2.
  • Hoare, Marko Attila (2007). The History of Bosnia: From the Middle Ages to the Present Day. London: Saqi. ISBN 978-0-86356-953-1.
  • Maclean, Fitzroy (1949). Eastern Approaches. Jonathan Cape. OCLC 177456.
  • Maclean, Fitzroy (1957). Disputed Barricade: The Life and Times of Josip Broz-Tito, Marshal of Jugoslavia. London: Jonathan Cape. OCLC 328091.
  • Roberts, Walter R. (1973). Tito, Mihailović and the Allies 1941–1945. Durham, North Carolina: Duke University Press. ISBN 978-0-8223-0773-0.
  • Smith, Angela K. (2000). The Second Battlefield: Women, Modernism and the First World War. Manchester, England: Manchester University Press. ISBN 978-0-7190-5301-6.
Websites
  • "Wounded English Girl Wins Serbian Cross: Prince Regent Decorates Sergeant Sandes for Bravery in the Trenches" (PDF). The New York Times. 31 December 1916.
  • . Serbian Royal Family. 1997. Archived from the original on 2 March 2012.
  • "Odlikovanja Beograda" [Awards and Decorations of Belgrade] (in Serbian). City of Belgrade. 25 December 2003.
  • "Ponovo Karađorđeva zvezda i medalja Miloša Obilića" [Star of Karađorđe and Obilić Medal Reinstated] (in Serbian). Glas javnosti. 6 May 2010.
  • "Serbia to Bestow Honour on Tennis Star Djokovic". Balkan Insight. 14 February 2012.
  • "'National hero' Djokovic given Serbia's highest honor". CNN. 16 February 2012.
  • "Milunka Savić, the most awarded female combatant in the history of warfare". Voice of Serbia. 17 July 2014.

January 01, 1970
order, karađorđe, star, republika, srpska, order, order, karađorđe, star, republika, srpska, serbian, cyrillic, Орден, Карађорђеве, звезде, romanized, orden, karađorđeve, zvezde, third, highest, state, order, serbia, order, awarded, decree, president, republic. For the Republika Srpska order see Order of Karađorđe Star of Republika Srpska The Order of Karađorđe s Star Serbian Cyrillic Orden Karaђorђeve zvezde romanized Orden Karađorđeve zvezde is the third highest state order of Serbia The order is awarded by the decree of the President of the Republic on special occasions typically at the ceremonies held on the Statehood Day It is awarded for special merits and successes in representing Serbia and its citizens It can be awarded to individuals and institutions Order of Karađorđe s StarOrden Karaђorђeve zvezdeThe Grand Cross of the dynastic orderAwarded by Kingdom of Serbia Kingdom of Yugoslavia Republic of Serbia House of KarađorđevicTypeState order 1904 1945 2010 Dynastic order since 1945 Established1904EligibilitySerbian citizensAwarded forSpecial merits and successes in representing Serbia and its citizens State order StatusActiveClasses1st grade 2nd grade 3rd grade Republic of Serbia Grand Cross Grand Officer Commander Officer Knight Dame H of Karađorđevic StatisticsFirst induction1904 Kingdom of Serbia 1945 House of Karađorđevic 2010 Republic of Serbia PrecedenceNext higher Order of the Serbian Flag Republic of Serbia Order of St Prince Lazar H of Karađorđevic Next lower Order of the White Eagle with the swords Republic of Serbia Order of the White Eagle H of Karađorđevic 1st class 2nd class 3rd classRibbon bars of the state order Order of Karađorđe s Star is also a dynastic order with appointments currently made by Alexander Crown Prince of Yugoslavia Originating in the Kingdom of Serbia it was initially awarded exclusively to Serbian citizens in return for services rendered to the Serbian state and the Serbian people During the Balkan Wars and World War I the order was mostly awarded for acts of bravery on the battlefield The post war Kingdom of Yugoslavia retained the order and it was awarded by the Yugoslav government in exile until the end of World War II Following the war the monarchy was abolished and a communist government came to power suppressing the order along with other monarchist symbols although it continued as a dynastic order awarded by the Karađorđevic family in exile Contents 1 History 2 Design 3 Ranks 4 Notable recipients 4 1 1st class 4 2 2nd class 4 3 3rd class 5 Footnotes 6 References 7 Works citedHistory editThe Order of Karađorđe s Star was instituted by the royal decree of King Peter I on 1 January 1904 commemorating his recent accession to the Serbian throne as well as the one hundredth anniversary of the First Serbian Uprising It was meant to replace the Order of the Cross of Takovo and the Order of Milos the Great two decorations that had been awarded by the rival Obrenovic dynasty which ruled Serbia prior to the May 1903 coup d etat that reinstated Peter s Karađorđevic dynasty after several decades in exile The first award was disagreeable to the Karađorđevices and their supporters because it was named after Takovo the village where Obrenovic dynasty founder Milos Obrenovic had launched the Second Serbian Uprising The Order of Milos the Great had to be replaced as it was named after Obrenovic himself 1 Initially the Order of Karađorđe s Star was categorized as a senior state award and organized into four classes The Grand Cross of Karađorđe s Star the highest class consisted of a badge of the Order on a sash and breast star a Grand Officer of Karađorđe s Star was decorated with a badge necklet and a slightly smaller breast star a Commander of Karađorđe s Star was only awarded a badge necklet and the recipient of the Order s fourth class the Officer of Karađorđe s Star would receive a small triangular chest ribbon 2 The Order was usually awarded for services to the Karađorđevic dynasty the Serbian state or the Serb people while Karađorđevic princes received a Grand Cross at baptism Recipients included both soldiers and civilians though until 1906 only Serbian citizens were permitted to receive the award 1 During the Balkan Wars the Kingdom of Serbia introduced the War Merit Order of Karađorđe s Star to reward acts of conspicuous gallantry of commissioned officers in the field as well as the battlefield victories of the Royal Serbian Army s senior officers non commissioned officers and soldiers in the field were ineligible 1 In June 1915 at the height of World War I the Kingdom of Serbia instituted a sub division of the War Merit Order called the Military Order which was awarded to NCOs and soldiers for bravery in combat The War Merit Order was divided into two classes the 1st division Gold Cross and the 2nd division Silver Cross 2 One of the recipients of the Military Order was the highly decorated female soldier Milunka Savic 3 and another was Flora Sandes 4 5 the only British woman to openly serve as a soldier in the war 6 Several senior Serbian military leaders were recipients of the War Merit Order including Prince Regent Alexander and Field marshals Zivojin Misic and Stepa Stepanovic Foreign recipients included American General John J Pershing the British Field marshal Douglas Haig the French generals Joseph Joffre Maurice Sarrail Philippe Petain and Louis Franchet d Esperey and King Ferdinand I of Romania 1 nbsp Flora Sandes was recipient of the order received in 1916 She fought in the Royal Serbian Army during World War I and was the only British woman to officially serve as a soldier in the conflict The Kingdom of Yugoslavia retained the order after World War I 7 In 1939 it was awarded to the city of Belgrade 8 During World War II Peter II bestowed the order upon a number of Chetniks on the recommendation of Chetnik leader Draza Mihailovic Some of the decorated Chetnik commanders included Pavle Đurisic 9 Dobroslav Jevđevic 10 Momcilo Đujic 11 Brane Bogunovic 12 and Uros Drenovic 13 These decorations proved controversial both during and after the war as many of the commanders cooperated with the armed forces of Germany Italy or even Independent State of Croatia against the Communist led Yugoslav Partisans for most of the occupation period Such a discrepancy can best be seen in the case of Đujic who was given the order for displaying gallantry in the face of the enemy and subsequently celebrated receiving it at an Italian general s headquarters 11 In Jevđevic s case the Order was given in 1943 for his services to the Serb population of Herzegovina during a series of Ustase massacres but Mihailovic had news of the award suppressed because Jevđevic had visited Rome to plan an anti communist offensive with the Italians and his forces had carried out several massacres of non Serbs over the previous several years 10 After the war Yugoslavia came under the rule of communist president Josip Broz Tito and Karađorđevic era medals and orders were replaced by non royal decorations such as the Order of the People s Hero 14 In the 1990s the Republika Srpska instated its own decoration also called the Order of Karađorđe s Star though this is not to be confused with the decoration historically awarded by Serbian state and the Karađorđevic dynasty 1 a In 2010 the order was reinstated as an official state order being third highest state decoration 14 In 2012 tennis player Novak Djokovic became the first person to receive the Order after it was reinstated 17 18 In 2020 Nobel Prize winner Peter Handke received the order 19 Design editThe order comes in either gold or silver depending on class and the obverse features a white enameled cross pattee with gilt rays protruding from each of the arms The rays are intersected diagonally by a pair of sabres when the recipient is awarded an Order with swords Dznastic orders contain a blue medallion at the centre depicting a Serbian cross with a fire steel at each corner with the words For Faith and Freedom 1804 etched into the small circle in the middle of the cross The reverse of these orders contains a red medallion depicting a white eagle with the words Peter I 1904 written around it The bravery medals awarded from 1915 onwards were almost identical to the orders awarded before save for the crossed swords being present on all of them regardless of class Such orders also lacked the phrase etched into the obverse of the older ones and the date 1904 on the reverse which marked the centenary of the First Serbian Uprising Instead they merely had King Peter s name on the obverse beside the year when the order was bestowed 2 Ranks editState Order of Karađorđe s Star has three classes 1st class 2nd class 3rd class nbsp nbsp nbsp Notable recipients edit nbsp Tennis player Novak Djokovic was the first person to receive the Order after its reinstatement in 2010 1st class edit 2024 Katherine Karađorđevic 2022 Sinisa Mihajlovic 2021 Miki Manojlovic 2021 Bora Đorđevic 2021 Momcilo Bajagic Bajaga 2021 Milan Cile Marinkovic 2021 Stefan Milenkovich 2021 Predrag Antonijevic 2020 Peter Handke 2020 Gordana Vunjak Novakovic 2018 Ljubisa Dikovic 2016 Paralympic Committee of Serbia 2017 Olympic Committee of Serbia 2012 Novak Djokovic 2nd class edit 2021 Serb National Council of Montenegro 2021 Air Serbia 2021 Minja Subota 2020 Danica Grujicic 2017 Nemanja Radulovic 3rd class edit 2023 Zoran Kalabic 2021 Natasa Drakulic 2017 Marina Maljkovic 2017 Ivana Spanovic 2017 Jelena Jankovic 2017 Ana IvanovicFootnotes edit Đujic received the Republika Srpska s Order in 1998 for his contributions to the Bosnian Serbs 15 as did the warlord Zeljko Raznatovic Arkan 16 References edit a b c d e Serbian Royal Family 1997 a b c Clarke 2000 p 218 Voice of Serbia 17 July 2014 The New York Times 31 December 1916 Finder 2000 p 249 Smith 2000 p 8 Banac 1984 p 150 City of Belgrade 25 December 2003 Maclean 1957 p 210 a b Roberts 1973 p 68 a b Maclean 1949 pp 354 55 Dedijer 1946 p 387 Dedijer 1990 p 17 a b Glas javnosti 6 May 2010 Hoare 2007 p 354 Demaria amp Wright 2006 p 94 Balkan Insight 14 February 2012 CNN 16 February 2012 Serbia RTS Radio televizija Srbije Radio Television of Urucena odlikovanja povodom Dana drzavnosti www rts rs Retrieved 2020 02 15 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint multiple names authors list link Works cited editBooks Banac Ivo 1984 The National Question in Yugoslavia Origins History Politics Ithaca New York Cornell University Press ISBN 978 0 8014 9493 2 Clarke John 2000 Gallantry Medals amp Decorations of the World London Pen and Sword Books ISBN 978 0 85052 783 4 Dedijer Vladimir 1946 Dnevnik Svedocanstva iz oslobodilackog rata Od 28 Novembra 1942 do 10 Novembra 1943 Drzavni izdavacki zavod Jugoslavije Dedijer Vladimir 1990 The War Diaries of Vladimir Dedijer Vol 2 Ann Arbor Michigan University of Michigan Press ISBN 978 0 472 10109 2 Demaria Cristina Wright Colin 2006 Post conflict Cultures Rules of Representation New York Zoilus Press ISBN 978 1 902878 58 4 Finder Jennifer 2000 Women Travellers in the Balkans A Biographical Guide In Allcock John B Young Antonia eds Black Lambs and Grey Falcons Women Travellers in the Balkans 2 ed Bradford Yorkshire University of Bradford ISBN 978 1 57181 807 2 Hoare Marko Attila 2007 The History of Bosnia From the Middle Ages to the Present Day London Saqi ISBN 978 0 86356 953 1 Maclean Fitzroy 1949 Eastern Approaches Jonathan Cape OCLC 177456 Maclean Fitzroy 1957 Disputed Barricade The Life and Times of Josip Broz Tito Marshal of Jugoslavia London Jonathan Cape OCLC 328091 Roberts Walter R 1973 Tito Mihailovic and the Allies 1941 1945 Durham North Carolina Duke University Press ISBN 978 0 8223 0773 0 Smith Angela K 2000 The Second Battlefield Women Modernism and the First World War Manchester England Manchester University Press ISBN 978 0 7190 5301 6 Websites Wounded English Girl Wins Serbian Cross Prince Regent Decorates Sergeant Sandes for Bravery in the Trenches PDF The New York Times 31 December 1916 The Order of the Star of Karageorge Serbian Royal Family 1997 Archived from the original on 2 March 2012 Odlikovanja Beograda Awards and Decorations of Belgrade in Serbian City of Belgrade 25 December 2003 Ponovo Karađorđeva zvezda i medalja Milosa Obilica Star of Karađorđe and Obilic Medal Reinstated in Serbian Glas javnosti 6 May 2010 Serbia to Bestow Honour on Tennis Star Djokovic Balkan Insight 14 February 2012 National hero Djokovic given Serbia s highest honor CNN 16 February 2012 Milunka Savic the most awarded female combatant in the history of warfare Voice of Serbia 17 July 2014 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Order of Karađorđe 27s Star amp oldid 1216579810, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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