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Oenothera glazioviana

Oenothera glazioviana is a species of flowering plant in the evening primrose family known by the common names large-flowered evening-primrose[1] and redsepal evening primrose.[2] Oenothera lamarckiana was formerly believed to be a different species, but is now regarded as a synonym of Oe. glazioviana.

Oenothera glazioviana
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Myrtales
Family: Onagraceae
Genus: Oenothera
Species:
O. glazioviana
Binomial name
Oenothera glazioviana
Micheli
Synonyms
  • Oenothera erythrosepala (Borbás) Borbás
  • Oenothera lamarckiana Ser.

Many others

The plant can be found in scattered locations worldwide, mostly as an introduced species. It originated in Brazil.

It has long been cultivated as an ornamental plant. In some locations it has become an invasive species.

Description

Oenothera glazioviana is generally a biennial herb producing an erect stem approaching 1.5 metres (4.9 ft) in maximum height. It is roughly hairy in texture, the hairs with reddish blistering or glandular bases. The crinkly leaves are up to 15 centimeters long.

The inflorescence is a showy spike of many large flowers. When in bud the long red sepals are visible. When in bloom each flower has four bright yellow petals up to 5 centimeters long which fade orange to red with age. The fruit is a lance-shaped capsule 2 or 3 centimeters long.

Taxonomy

Oenothera glazioviana was first described by Marc Micheli in 1875.[3] Originally native to Brazil, it has become naturalized in many countries, and has acquired a large number of synonyms.[4]

Oenothera lamarckiana

About a century ago, it was believed that there was a different species, either native to some obscure and unknown place in North America, from which it had quickly spread across the world, or more likely a new species which had very recently evolved in the last few decades, possibly in Europe from a hybrid of two other species, and thence had become a common weed. These theories stemmed from the fact that although the species was now a common species, and while an obviously striking species unlikely to be overlooked by botanists, it had only been recorded in recent times, and never in a truly wild state. At the time this taxon was important for the brand new study of genetics, the debate about the cause of evolution, whether that was natural selection or one of the alternatives such as mutationism, and particularly to the discovery of polyploidy.[5][6][7][8] It was later discovered that it had, in fact, already been discovered and described by a botanist in Brazil only a few decades beforehand, in 1875, as Oenothera glazioviana, and had likely spread across the world from there since then, but this had apparently somehow been overlooked.[9]

Distribution

Oenothera glazioviana is native to Brazil.[4] It is cultivated as an ornamental plant,[10] and has become naturalized in many countries around the world,[4] like Britain and Ireland, where it is the most common species of its genus.[11]

Ecology

Under the synonym Oenothera lamarckiana, it is described as a very adaptable plant: however it needs full sun, average moisture, and well-drained soils. It is easily grown from seed.[12] It began being grown in European gardens during the 1800s. [13]

References

  1. ^ (xls). Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland. Archived from the original (xls) on 2015-06-26. Retrieved 2014-10-17.
  2. ^ USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "Oenothera glazioviana". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved 29 January 2016.
  3. ^ "Oenothera glazioviana Micheli". The International Plant Names Index. Retrieved 2021-08-22.
  4. ^ a b c "Oenothera glazioviana Micheli". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 2021-08-22.
  5. ^ de Vries, Hugo (January 1918). "Mutations of Oenothera suaveolens Desf" (PDF). Genetics. 3 (1): 1–26. doi:10.1093/genetics/3.1.1. PMC 1199547. PMID 17245896.
  6. ^ de Vries, Hugo (January 1919). "Oenothera rubrinervis; A Half Mutant". Botanical Gazette. 67 (1): 1–26. doi:10.1086/332396. JSTOR 2468868. S2CID 83752035.
  7. ^ Darlington, C. D. (1931), "Meiosis", Biological Reviews, 6 (3): 221–264, doi:10.1111/j.1469-185X.1931.tb01027.x, S2CID 221528298
  8. ^ Cleland R. E. (1962): The cytogenetics of Oenothera. Advance. Genet 11: 147.
  9. ^ "Oenothera glazioviana Micheli". Plants of the World Online. Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 17 August 2021.
  10. ^ "Oenothera glazioviana", Plants, Royal Horticultural Society, retrieved 2021-08-22
  11. ^ "Oenothera glazioviana", Systematic Botany Monographs, Biological Records Centre, 50: 1–234, 1997, retrieved 2021-08-22
  12. ^ "Evening Primrose Seeds - American Meadows".
  13. ^ Endersby, Jim (2007). A Guinea Pig's History of Biology. London: Harvard University Press. p. 130. ISBN 9780674027138.

Further reading

  • Kachi, Naoki; Hirose, Tadaki (November 1985). "Population Dynamics of Oenothera Glazioviana in a Sand-Dune System with Special Reference to the Adaptive Significance of Size-Dependent Reproduction". Journal of Ecology. 73 (3): 887–901. doi:10.2307/2260155. JSTOR 2260155.
  • Guo, Pan; Wang, Ting; Liu, Yanli; Xia, Yan; Wang, Guiping; Shen, Zhenguo; Chen, Yahua (January 2014). "Phytostabilization potential of evening primrose (Oenothera glazioviana) for copper-contaminated sites". Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 21 (1): 631–640. doi:10.1007/s11356-013-1899-z. PMID 23818072. S2CID 12738644.
  • Rees, Mark; Rose, Karen E. (22 July 2002). "Evolution of Flowering Strategies in Oenothera glazioviana: An Integral Projection Model Approach". Proceedings: Biological Sciences. 269 (1499): 1509–1515. doi:10.1098/rspb.2002.2037. PMC 1691055. PMID 12137582.

External links

  • Jepson Manual Treatment
  • Oenothera glazioviana — U.C. Photo gallery

oenothera, glazioviana, species, flowering, plant, evening, primrose, family, known, common, names, large, flowered, evening, primrose, redsepal, evening, primrose, oenothera, lamarckiana, formerly, believed, different, species, regarded, synonym, glazioviana,. Oenothera glazioviana is a species of flowering plant in the evening primrose family known by the common names large flowered evening primrose 1 and redsepal evening primrose 2 Oenothera lamarckiana was formerly believed to be a different species but is now regarded as a synonym of Oe glazioviana Oenothera glaziovianaScientific classificationKingdom PlantaeClade TracheophytesClade AngiospermsClade EudicotsClade RosidsOrder MyrtalesFamily OnagraceaeGenus OenotheraSpecies O glaziovianaBinomial nameOenothera glaziovianaMicheliSynonymsOenothera erythrosepala Borbas Borbas Oenothera lamarckiana Ser Many othersThe plant can be found in scattered locations worldwide mostly as an introduced species It originated in Brazil It has long been cultivated as an ornamental plant In some locations it has become an invasive species Contents 1 Description 2 Taxonomy 2 1 Oenothera lamarckiana 3 Distribution 4 Ecology 5 References 6 Further reading 7 External linksDescription EditOenothera glazioviana is generally a biennial herb producing an erect stem approaching 1 5 metres 4 9 ft in maximum height It is roughly hairy in texture the hairs with reddish blistering or glandular bases The crinkly leaves are up to 15 centimeters long The inflorescence is a showy spike of many large flowers When in bud the long red sepals are visible When in bloom each flower has four bright yellow petals up to 5 centimeters long which fade orange to red with age The fruit is a lance shaped capsule 2 or 3 centimeters long Taxonomy EditOenothera glazioviana was first described by Marc Micheli in 1875 3 Originally native to Brazil it has become naturalized in many countries and has acquired a large number of synonyms 4 Oenothera lamarckiana Edit About a century ago it was believed that there was a different species either native to some obscure and unknown place in North America from which it had quickly spread across the world or more likely a new species which had very recently evolved in the last few decades possibly in Europe from a hybrid of two other species and thence had become a common weed These theories stemmed from the fact that although the species was now a common species and while an obviously striking species unlikely to be overlooked by botanists it had only been recorded in recent times and never in a truly wild state At the time this taxon was important for the brand new study of genetics the debate about the cause of evolution whether that was natural selection or one of the alternatives such as mutationism and particularly to the discovery of polyploidy 5 6 7 8 It was later discovered that it had in fact already been discovered and described by a botanist in Brazil only a few decades beforehand in 1875 as Oenothera glazioviana and had likely spread across the world from there since then but this had apparently somehow been overlooked 9 Distribution EditOenothera glazioviana is native to Brazil 4 It is cultivated as an ornamental plant 10 and has become naturalized in many countries around the world 4 like Britain and Ireland where it is the most common species of its genus 11 Ecology EditUnder the synonym Oenothera lamarckiana it is described as a very adaptable plant however it needs full sun average moisture and well drained soils It is easily grown from seed 12 It began being grown in European gardens during the 1800s 13 Oenothera glazioviana Oenothera glazioviana source source source source source source source source Video of blooming in real timeReferences Edit BSBI List 2007 xls Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland Archived from the original xls on 2015 06 26 Retrieved 2014 10 17 USDA NRCS n d Oenothera glazioviana The PLANTS Database plants usda gov Greensboro North Carolina National Plant Data Team Retrieved 29 January 2016 Oenothera glazioviana Micheli The International Plant Names Index Retrieved 2021 08 22 a b c Oenothera glazioviana Micheli Plants of the World Online Royal Botanic Gardens Kew Retrieved 2021 08 22 de Vries Hugo January 1918 Mutations of Oenothera suaveolens Desf PDF Genetics 3 1 1 26 doi 10 1093 genetics 3 1 1 PMC 1199547 PMID 17245896 de Vries Hugo January 1919 Oenothera rubrinervis A Half Mutant Botanical Gazette 67 1 1 26 doi 10 1086 332396 JSTOR 2468868 S2CID 83752035 Darlington C D 1931 Meiosis Biological Reviews 6 3 221 264 doi 10 1111 j 1469 185X 1931 tb01027 x S2CID 221528298 Cleland R E 1962 The cytogenetics of Oenothera Advance Genet 11 147 Oenothera glazioviana Micheli Plants of the World Online Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens Kew Retrieved 17 August 2021 Oenothera glazioviana Plants Royal Horticultural Society retrieved 2021 08 22 Oenothera glazioviana Systematic Botany Monographs Biological Records Centre 50 1 234 1997 retrieved 2021 08 22 Evening Primrose Seeds American Meadows Endersby Jim 2007 A Guinea Pig s History of Biology London Harvard University Press p 130 ISBN 9780674027138 Further reading EditKachi Naoki Hirose Tadaki November 1985 Population Dynamics of Oenothera Glazioviana in a Sand Dune System with Special Reference to the Adaptive Significance of Size Dependent Reproduction Journal of Ecology 73 3 887 901 doi 10 2307 2260155 JSTOR 2260155 Guo Pan Wang Ting Liu Yanli Xia Yan Wang Guiping Shen Zhenguo Chen Yahua January 2014 Phytostabilization potential of evening primrose Oenothera glazioviana for copper contaminated sites Environmental Science and Pollution Research 21 1 631 640 doi 10 1007 s11356 013 1899 z PMID 23818072 S2CID 12738644 Rees Mark Rose Karen E 22 July 2002 Evolution of Flowering Strategies in Oenothera glazioviana An Integral Projection Model Approach Proceedings Biological Sciences 269 1499 1509 1515 doi 10 1098 rspb 2002 2037 PMC 1691055 PMID 12137582 External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Oenothera glazioviana Jepson Manual Treatment Oenothera glazioviana U C Photo gallery Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Oenothera glazioviana amp oldid 1139857196, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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