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Nyakyusa language

Nyakyusa, or Nyakyusa-Ngonde, is a Bantu language of Tanzania and Malawi spoken by the Nyakyusa people around the northern end of Lake Malawi. There is no single name for the language as a whole; its dialects are Nyakyusa, Ngonde (Konde), Kukwe, Mwamba (Lungulu), and Selya (Salya, Seria) of Tanzania. Disregarding the Bantu language prefixes Iki- and Ki-, the language is also known as Konde ~ Nkhonde, Mombe, Nyekyosa ~ Nyikyusa, and Sochile ~ Sokili.

Nyakyusa
Ngonde
Native toTanzania, Malawi
EthnicityNyakyusa
Native speakers
1,359,000 (2009-2016)[1]
(including Sukwa)
Official status
Recognised minority
language in
Language codes
ISO 639-3nyy
Glottolognyak1260
M.31[2]
Linguasphere99-AUS-v incl. inner units & varieties 99-AUS-va...-vd

Sukwa is often listed as another dialect; however, according to Nurse (1988) and Fourshey (2002), it is a dialect of Lambya.

In Malawi, Nyakusa and Kyangonde are spoken in the northern part of Karonga District, on the shore of Lake Malawi, close to the border with Tanzania, while Nkhonde is spoken the centre of the district, including in the town of Karonga.[3]

According to the Language Mapping Survey for Northern Malawi, carried out by the Centre for Language Studies of the University of Malawi, "Nyakyuska, though spoken by very few people, mainly at Iponga in Sub T/ A Mwakawoko’s area, is regarded as the parent language from which Kyangonde and Chinkhonde originated. Kyangonde, on the other hand, is regarded as the most prestigious and standard language/dialect of the district. ... Chinkhonde is seen as a dialect of Kyangonde which has been heavily influenced by Citumbuka."[4]

The same Survey contains a folktale (the Tortoise and the Hare) in Chinkhonde and other languages of Northern Malawi, as well as some comparative vocabulary.[5]

Below is the Tortoise and the Hare folktale in Chinkhonde.

Similarities to other African languages edit

It is closely related to Kyangonde and Swahili and is related to Yao, Bemba, Mambwe-lungu, Chichewa.

Sample text from Bible

Mwalululu, Yehova ikwisa kutwabula ku nifwa, kangi inifwa yitisa kuyako bwila na bwila!

Translation

Very soon, Jehovah will free all humans from death, and death will be gone forever!


KALULU NU UFULU:
Ufulu abukire polenga ifyakulya ku bandu. Pakwegha thumba lyake akapinyilira ku
luropo litali no fwara msingo lyake, linga akwenda lithumba likisagha mnyuma.
Apo akagha mu njira, ukalulu akisagha mnyuma papo atiri “ehe, thumba lyangu” Ufulu
atiri, we thumba lyangu ili keta luropo mphinyilire nkhuguza linga nkwenda”. Ukalulu
akanire ayobire kuti “Tubuke kumphala kuburongo”. Mphala yolongire batumire
chingwe icho Ufulu apinyilire thumba. Bakegha thumba bampere Ukalulu. Lisiku limo
Ukalulu akendagha, Ufulu amwaghire papo atiri “ehe, mchira wangu!” Ukalulu atiri “Sa!
We fulu mchira wangu ubu”. Ufulu akanire po atiri “nsalire wangu”. Babukire sona ku
Mphala kuburongi. Ku Mphala inongwa yinoghire Ufulu. Batumwire mchira wa Kalulu
no mupa Fulu.
[6]

Writing system edit

Nyakyusa Alphabet (used in the Teti magazine)[7]
a b nd e f g ngʼ h i j k l m n o p s t u w y
Nyakyusa Alphabet (Felberg)[8]
a b nd e f g h i í j k l m n ngʼ o p s t u ú w y
Nyakyusa Alphabet (SIL)[9]
a b e f g h i ɨ j k l m mb n nd ng ngʼ nj ny o p s t u ʉ w y

Further reading edit

Bastian Persohn (2017). The Verb in Nyakyusa: A focus on tense, aspect, and modality. Berlin: Language Science Press. http://langsci-press.org/catalog/book/141. ISBN 978-3-96110-014-9 . DOI 10.5281/zenodo.926408. Open Access.

References edit

  1. ^ "Nyakyusa-Ngonde". Ethnologue. Retrieved 2018-08-10.
  2. ^ Jouni Filip Maho, 2009.
  3. ^ Centre for Language Studies map of Northern Malawi Languages.
  4. ^ Language Mapping Survey (2006), p. 17.
  5. ^ Language Mapping Survey p.63 and 70-71.
  6. ^ [1], p. 17.
  7. ^ Nyaxicon.
  8. ^ Felberg 1996, p. xii.
  9. ^ Huduma ya Kutafsiri Biblia na Kuendeleza Lugha za Asili 2008.

Works cited edit

  • Felberg, Knut (1996). Nyakyusa-English-Swahili and English-Nyakyusa dictionary. Dar es Salaam: Mkuki na Nyota. ISBN 9976-973-32-2.
  • Huduma ya Kutafsiri Biblia na Kuendeleza Lugha za Asili (2008). Kʉpepe ʉkʉbala ɨnjobelo jɨɨtu ɨjaa Kɨnyakyʉsa — Ni rahisi kusoma lugha yetu ya Kinyakyusa (in Nyanja and Swahili). Mbeya: SIL.
  • "NYAXICON - The Nyakyusa Online Lexicon".

nyakyusa, language, nyakyusa, nyakyusa, ngonde, bantu, language, tanzania, malawi, spoken, nyakyusa, people, around, northern, lake, malawi, there, single, name, language, whole, dialects, nyakyusa, ngonde, konde, kukwe, mwamba, lungulu, selya, salya, seria, t. Nyakyusa or Nyakyusa Ngonde is a Bantu language of Tanzania and Malawi spoken by the Nyakyusa people around the northern end of Lake Malawi There is no single name for the language as a whole its dialects are Nyakyusa Ngonde Konde Kukwe Mwamba Lungulu and Selya Salya Seria of Tanzania Disregarding the Bantu language prefixes Iki and Ki the language is also known as Konde Nkhonde Mombe Nyekyosa Nyikyusa and Sochile Sokili NyakyusaNgondeNative toTanzania MalawiEthnicityNyakyusaNative speakers1 359 000 2009 2016 1 including Sukwa Language familyNiger Congo Atlantic CongoVolta CongoBenue CongoBantoidSouthern BantoidBantuRukwaRungweNyakyusaOfficial statusRecognised minoritylanguage in MalawiLanguage codesISO 639 3 a href https iso639 3 sil org code nyy class extiw title iso639 3 nyy nyy a Glottolognyak1260Guthrie codeM 31 2 Linguasphere99 AUS v incl inner units amp varieties 99 AUS va vd Sukwa is often listed as another dialect however according to Nurse 1988 and Fourshey 2002 it is a dialect of Lambya In Malawi Nyakusa and Kyangonde are spoken in the northern part of Karonga District on the shore of Lake Malawi close to the border with Tanzania while Nkhonde is spoken the centre of the district including in the town of Karonga 3 According to the Language Mapping Survey for Northern Malawi carried out by the Centre for Language Studies of the University of Malawi Nyakyuska though spoken by very few people mainly at Iponga in Sub T A Mwakawoko s area is regarded as the parent language from which Kyangonde and Chinkhonde originated Kyangonde on the other hand is regarded as the most prestigious and standard language dialect of the district Chinkhonde is seen as a dialect of Kyangonde which has been heavily influenced by Citumbuka 4 The same Survey contains a folktale the Tortoise and the Hare in Chinkhonde and other languages of Northern Malawi as well as some comparative vocabulary 5 Below is the Tortoise and the Hare folktale in Chinkhonde Contents 1 Similarities to other African languages 2 Writing system 3 Further reading 4 References 4 1 Works citedSimilarities to other African languages editIt is closely related to Kyangonde and Swahili and is related to Yao Bemba Mambwe lungu Chichewa Sample text from BibleMwalululu Yehova ikwisa kutwabula ku nifwa kangi inifwa yitisa kuyako bwila na bwila TranslationVery soon Jehovah will free all humans from death and death will be gone forever KALULU NU UFULU Ufulu abukire polenga ifyakulya ku bandu Pakwegha thumba lyake akapinyilira ku luropo litali no fwara msingo lyake linga akwenda lithumba likisagha mnyuma Apo akagha mu njira ukalulu akisagha mnyuma papo atiri ehe thumba lyangu Ufulu atiri we thumba lyangu ili keta luropo mphinyilire nkhuguza linga nkwenda Ukalulu akanire ayobire kuti Tubuke kumphala kuburongo Mphala yolongire batumire chingwe icho Ufulu apinyilire thumba Bakegha thumba bampere Ukalulu Lisiku limo Ukalulu akendagha Ufulu amwaghire papo atiri ehe mchira wangu Ukalulu atiri Sa We fulu mchira wangu ubu Ufulu akanire po atiri nsalire wangu Babukire sona ku Mphala kuburongi Ku Mphala inongwa yinoghire Ufulu Batumwire mchira wa Kalulu no mupa Fulu 6 Writing system editNyakyusa Alphabet used in the Teti magazine 7 a b nd e f g ngʼ h i ị j k l m n o p s t u ụ w y Nyakyusa Alphabet Felberg 8 a b nd e f g h i i j k l m n ngʼ o p s t u u w y Nyakyusa Alphabet SIL 9 a b e f g h i ɨ j k l m mb n nd ng ngʼ nj ny o p s t u ʉ w yFurther reading editBastian Persohn 2017 The Verb in Nyakyusa A focus on tense aspect and modality Berlin Language Science Press http langsci press org catalog book 141 ISBN 978 3 96110 014 9 DOI 10 5281 zenodo 926408 Open Access References edit Nyakyusa Ngonde Ethnologue Retrieved 2018 08 10 Jouni Filip Maho 2009 New Updated Guthrie List Online Centre for Language Studies map of Northern Malawi Languages Language Mapping Survey 2006 p 17 Language Mapping Survey p 63 and 70 71 1 p 17 Nyaxicon Felberg 1996 p xii Huduma ya Kutafsiri Biblia na Kuendeleza Lugha za Asili 2008 Works cited edit Felberg Knut 1996 Nyakyusa English Swahili and English Nyakyusa dictionary Dar es Salaam Mkuki na Nyota ISBN 9976 973 32 2 Huduma ya Kutafsiri Biblia na Kuendeleza Lugha za Asili 2008 Kʉpepe ʉkʉbala ɨnjobelo jɨɨtu ɨjaa Kɨnyakyʉsa Ni rahisi kusoma lugha yetu ya Kinyakyusa in Nyanja and Swahili Mbeya SIL NYAXICON The Nyakyusa Online Lexicon nbsp This Bantu language related article is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Nyakyusa language amp oldid 1211907099, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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