fbpx
Wikipedia

New Martyr

January 01, 1970

The title of New Martyr or Neomartyr (Greek: νεο-, neo-, the prefix for "new"; and μάρτυς, martys, "witness") is conferred in some denominations of Christianity to distinguish more recent martyrs and confessors from the old martyrs of the persecution in the Roman Empire. Originally and typically, it refers to victims of Islamic persecution.[1]

The earliest source to use the term neomartys is the Narrationes of Anastasius of Sinai, who died around 700. The title continued to be used for the next three hundred years to refer to victims of Umayyad and Abbasid persecution. It was mainly used in Greek sources, but is occasionally found in Arabic, Georgian and Syriac sources. Between the 11th and 14th centuries, the Byzantine–Seljuq wars also generated a number of neomartyrs.[1]

The Greek Orthodox Church traditionally gives the title to those who had been tortured and executed during Ottoman rule in Greece in order to avoid forced conversion to Islam.[2][3] This meaning is the dominant one, so much so that pre-Ottoman use of the term has been almost ignored in academia. Sectarian conflicts of the 19th century within the Ottoman Empire and Communist persecution in eastern Europe also generated saints considered neomartyrs.[1]

List of new martyrs edit

Under Umayyad rule edit

Under Abbasid rule edit

Under Turkish rule edit

See also: Greeks in Turkey, Greek genocide, Istanbul Pogrom, Varlık Vergisi, Massacres during the Greek Revolution, and Population exchange between Greece and Turkey

The first new martyrs were recorded after the Seljuk invasion of Asia Minor (11th century).[4] In the Eastern Orthodox Church, the third Sunday after Pentecost is known as the "Commemoration of All New Martyrs of the Turkish Yoke."[citation needed]

Under Communist rule edit

See also: New Martyrs and Confessors of the Russian Orthodox Church

In the Russian Orthodox Church, the Sunday closest to 25 January (7 February on the Gregorian Calendar) is the "Sunday of the Holy New Martyrs and Confessors of Russia." The date of 25 January was chosen because that was the date in 1918 of the martyrdom of St. Vladimir (Bogoiavlensikii), Metropolitan of Kiev, who is referred to as the "Protomartyr of the communist yoke in Russia."

Under Nazism edit

Serbia edit

The feast of "All New Martyrs of Serbia" is celebrated on 28 June [O.S. 15 June].

Boxer Rebellion edit

24 June  [O.S. 11 June] is celebrated as the feast of the "New Martyrs of China Slain During the Boxer Rebellion"

Austria-Hungary edit

Post-Soviet Russia edit

As of 2016 the Russian Orthodox Church has not glorified either of the martyrs listed above, but each has received widespread popular veneration.

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Christian Sahner (2002), "Old Martyrs, New Martyrs and the Coming of Islam: Writing Hagiography after the Conquests" (PDF), Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, 65: 89–112[dead link].
  2. ^ Encyclopedia "Papyrus-Larousse, c. 1965, article "Νεομάρτυς", in Greek language.
  3. ^ . Archived from the original on 2018-12-14. Retrieved 2016-08-22.
  4. ^ Byzantinoslavica. Academia, Slovanský ústav v Praze. Byzantologická komise. 1996. p. 104.
  5. ^ Saint Ahmed, Synaxaristes (Compedium) of Neomartyrs, editions "Orthodoxos Kypsele" (Orthodox Bee-hive)
  6. ^ "HIEROMARTYR MAXIMUS SANDOVICH". lemko.org. Retrieved 24 April 2015.
  7. ^ "Hieromonk Job Gumerov. Can One Consider the Death of Father Daniel Sysoev to be a Martyrdom? / OrthoChristian.Com". pravoslavie.ru. Retrieved 24 April 2015.
  8. ^ "Byzantine, Texas: Podcasts on New Martyr Fr. Daniel Sysoev". blogspot.ru. Retrieved 24 April 2015.
  9. ^ John Sanidopoulos. "MYSTAGOGY". johnsanidopoulos.com. Retrieved 24 April 2015.

Further reading edit

  • Blackwell Dictionary of Eastern Christianity, 341-43
  • Sahner, Christian C. Christian Martyrs under Islam Religious Violence and the Making of the Muslim World. Princeton University Press, 2018.
  • Vaporis, Rev. Nomikos Michael. Witnesses for Christ: Orthodox Christian Neomartyrs of the Ottoman Period 1437-1860

External links edit

  • Calendar of Orthodox Church England contains NeoMartyrs
  • Christian Greek orthodox Neomartyrs: A Case Study
  • Russian New Martyrs and Confessors
  • Neo-Martyrs of the Soviet regime 2012-08-13 at the Wayback Machine
  • Pravoslavie's Article on Neo-Martyr
  • The shrine to the Great Purge

January 01, 1970
martyr, title, neomartyr, greek, νεο, prefix, μάρτυς, martys, witness, conferred, some, denominations, christianity, distinguish, more, recent, martyrs, confessors, from, martyrs, persecution, roman, empire, originally, typically, refers, victims, islamic, per. The title of New Martyr or Neomartyr Greek neo neo the prefix for new and martys martys witness is conferred in some denominations of Christianity to distinguish more recent martyrs and confessors from the old martyrs of the persecution in the Roman Empire Originally and typically it refers to victims of Islamic persecution 1 The earliest source to use the term neomartys is the Narrationes of Anastasius of Sinai who died around 700 The title continued to be used for the next three hundred years to refer to victims of Umayyad and Abbasid persecution It was mainly used in Greek sources but is occasionally found in Arabic Georgian and Syriac sources Between the 11th and 14th centuries the Byzantine Seljuq wars also generated a number of neomartyrs 1 The Greek Orthodox Church traditionally gives the title to those who had been tortured and executed during Ottoman rule in Greece in order to avoid forced conversion to Islam 2 3 This meaning is the dominant one so much so that pre Ottoman use of the term has been almost ignored in academia Sectarian conflicts of the 19th century within the Ottoman Empire and Communist persecution in eastern Europe also generated saints considered neomartyrs 1 Contents 1 List of new martyrs 1 1 Under Umayyad rule 1 2 Under Abbasid rule 1 3 Under Turkish rule 1 4 Under Communist rule 1 5 Under Nazism 1 6 Serbia 1 7 Boxer Rebellion 1 8 Austria Hungary 1 9 Post Soviet Russia 2 See also 3 References 4 Further reading 5 External linksList of new martyrs editUnder Umayyad rule edit Euphemia of Damascus before 700 1 Sixty Martyrs of Jerusalem 725 1 Under Abbasid rule edit Elias of Heliopolis 779 1 Romanus 780 1 Theophilus the New 780s 1 Abo of Tiflis 786 1 Bacchus Ḍaḥḥak 786 7 1 George Muzaḥim 978 1 Under Turkish rule edit See also Greeks in Turkey Greek genocide Istanbul Pogrom Varlik Vergisi Massacres during the Greek Revolution and Population exchange between Greece and Turkey The first new martyrs were recorded after the Seljuk invasion of Asia Minor 11th century 4 In the Eastern Orthodox Church the third Sunday after Pentecost is known as the Commemoration of All New Martyrs of the Turkish Yoke citation needed Ahmed the Calligrapher citation needed or Ahmed Kalfas 5 Akylina of Chalkidike Anthimos the Georgian Aquilina of Thessalonica Athanasios the Neomartyr Boris the Pomak Chrestos the Albanian Chrysostomos of Smyrna Constantin Brancoveanu Constantine Hagarit Cosmas of Aetolia Cyril VI of Constantinople ethnomartyr Demetrios Doukas Demetrios of Philadelphia Demetrios the Neomartyr Ephraim the Neomartyr Gabriel I of Pec Patriarch Gabriel II of Constantinople George of Ioannina George the New George of Kratovo d 1515 Gregory V of Constantinople Hasan John Calphas the Apprentice John of Ioannina a k a John the Tailor John the New of Suceava Archbishop Kyprianos of Cyprus Makarios the Monk Michael Mavroudis Niketas the Young Paisius and Habakkuk Panteleimon Dousa Paul of Constantinople 6 19 April 1683 Paul the Russian Philothei Theocharis of Nevsehir Neapoli Teodor of Vrsac Theodore Gabras Theodore of Komogovina Thomas Paschidis Zlata of Meglen Under Communist rule edit See also New Martyrs and Confessors of the Russian Orthodox Church In the Russian Orthodox Church the Sunday closest to 25 January 7 February on the Gregorian Calendar is the Sunday of the Holy New Martyrs and Confessors of Russia The date of 25 January was chosen because that was the date in 1918 of the martyrdom of St Vladimir Bogoiavlensikii Metropolitan of Kiev who is referred to as the Protomartyr of the communist yoke in Russia Alexander Hotovitzky Anastasia Hendrikova Andronic Nikolsky Bishop Arcadius Ostalsky Bishop Arseny Zhadanovsky who was the last abbot of the Chudov Monastery which was also destroyed Bishop Basil Preobrashensky of Kineshma Archbishop Dimitry Dobroserdov Grand Duchess Elizabeth Fyodorovna and Nun Barbara Dr Eugene Botkin see Romanov sainthood Bishop Hermogenes Dolganyov Metropolitan Benjamin of Petrograd John Kochurov of Tsarskoye Selo First martyr of the Revolution Archpriest John Vostorgov Metropolitan Joseph 1938 Archimandrite Kronid Lubimov Archpriest Makary Kvitkin Margarete of Menzelinsk Maria of Gatchina c 1930 Bishop Maxim of Serpukhov 23 June 6 July 1931 Nicholas II of Russia with his immediate family and servants see Romanov sainthood Fr Nicholas Zagorovsky 1943 confessor Bishop Nikita Dilektorsky Nikodim of Solovki Archbishop Nikolay Dobronravov Metropolitan Peter of Krutitsy Metropolitan Seraphim Chichagov of St Petersburg Patriarch Tikhon 1925 confessor Vladimir Beneshevich Metropolitan Vladimir Bogoyavlensky First hierarch martyred by the Bolsheviks Bishop Platon Kulbusch Under Nazism edit Alexander Schmorell member of the White Rose Resistance group Bishop Gorazd of Prague Archimandrite Grigol Peradze Maria Skobtsova of Paris and Ravensbruck nun Serbia edit The feast of All New Martyrs of Serbia is celebrated on 28 June O S 15 June Đorđe Bogic Gorazd Pavlik Joanikije Lipovac Saint Prince Lazar Petar Zimonjic Platon Jovanovic Rafailo of Sisatovac Sava Trlajic Vukasin Mandrapa Boxer Rebellion edit 24 June O S 11 June is celebrated as the feast of the New Martyrs of China Slain During the Boxer Rebellion Ia the Teacher Holy Martyrs of China Austria Hungary edit Hieromartyr Maximus Sandovic 6 24August 6 September 1914 Post Soviet Russia edit Daniel Sysoyev 7 8 Muscovite priest and missionary assassinated by an Islamist militant Yevgeny Rodionov a Russian soldier who fought in First Chechen War was taken prisoner tortured and eventually murdered for his refusal to convert to Islam 9 As of 2016 update the Russian Orthodox Church has not glorified either of the martyrs listed above but each has received widespread popular veneration See also editAftermath of World War II HieromartyrReferences edit a b c d e f g h i j k Christian Sahner 2002 Old Martyrs New Martyrs and the Coming of Islam Writing Hagiography after the Conquests PDF Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 65 89 112 dead link Encyclopedia Papyrus Larousse c 1965 article Neomartys in Greek language Threskeutika Textbook of Religion for the 3rd year of Greek high school Gymnasion chapter 30 b circa 2007 In Greek language Archived from the original on 2018 12 14 Retrieved 2016 08 22 Byzantinoslavica Academia Slovansky ustav v Praze Byzantologicka komise 1996 p 104 Saint Ahmed Synaxaristes Compedium of Neomartyrs editions Orthodoxos Kypsele Orthodox Bee hive HIEROMARTYR MAXIMUS SANDOVICH lemko org Retrieved 24 April 2015 Hieromonk Job Gumerov Can One Consider the Death of Father Daniel Sysoev to be a Martyrdom OrthoChristian Com pravoslavie ru Retrieved 24 April 2015 Byzantine Texas Podcasts on New Martyr Fr Daniel Sysoev blogspot ru Retrieved 24 April 2015 John Sanidopoulos MYSTAGOGY johnsanidopoulos com Retrieved 24 April 2015 Further reading editBlackwell Dictionary of Eastern Christianity 341 43 Sahner Christian C Christian Martyrs under Islam Religious Violence and the Making of the Muslim World Princeton University Press 2018 Vaporis Rev Nomikos Michael Witnesses for Christ Orthodox Christian Neomartyrs of the Ottoman Period 1437 1860External links editCalendar of Orthodox Church England contains NeoMartyrs Christian Greek orthodox Neomartyrs A Case Study Russian New Martyrs and Confessors Neo Martyrs of the Soviet regime Archived 2012 08 13 at the Wayback Machine Pravoslavie s Article on Neo Martyr The shrine to the Great Purge Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title New Martyr amp oldid 1186503805, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

article

, read, download, free, free download, mp3, video, mp4, 3gp, jpg, jpeg, gif, png, picture, music, song, movie, book, game, games.