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Gastrolobium

December 20, 2023

Gastrolobium is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae. There are over 100 species in this genus, and all but two are native to the south west region of Western Australia.

Gastrolobium
Gastrolobium celsianum (Swan River pea)
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Fabales
Family: Fabaceae
Subfamily: Faboideae
Clade: Mirbelioids
Genus: Gastrolobium
R.Br. (1811)
Type species
Gastrolobium bilobum
R.Br.
Groups and species

See text

Synonyms[1]
  • Brachysema R.Br. (1811)
  • Cryptosema Meisn. (1848)
  • Cupulanthus Hutch. (1964)
  • Jansonia Kippist (1847)
  • Nemcia Domin (1923)
  • Pontania Lem. (1844)

A significant number of the species accumulate monofluoroacetate (the key ingredient of the poison known commonly as 1080), which caused introduced/non native animal deaths from the 1840s in Western Australia. The controversy over the cause of the stock poisoning in that time involved the botanist James Drummond in a series of tests to ascertain the cause of the poisoning, which was determined to be caused primarily by the plants York Road poison (G. calycinum) and Champion Bay poison (G. oxylobioides).[2][3]

In the 1930s and 1940s C.A. Gardner and H.W. Bennetts identified other species in Western Australia, leading to the publication of The Toxic Plants of Western Australia in 1956.[4]

The base chromosome number of Gastrolobium is 2n = 16.[5]

Species edit

Gastrolobium comprises the following species:[6][7][8][9][10]

Gastrolobium bilobum Group edit

Gastrolobium parviflorum Subgroup edit

  • Gastrolobium discolor G. Chandler, Crisp & R.J. Bayer
  • Gastrolobium melanocarpum G. Chandler & Crisp
  • Gastrolobium musaceum G. Chandler & Crisp
  • Gastrolobium parviflorum (Benth.) Crisp—Box poison
  • Gastrolobium tetragonophyllum (E.Pritz.) Crisp—Brother-brother

Gastrolobium calycinum Group edit

  • Gastrolobium appressum C.A.Gardner—Scaleleaf poison
  • Gastrolobium calycinum Benth.—York Road poison
  • Gastrolobium hamulosum Meisn.—Hook Point poison[Note 3]
  • Gastrolobium oxylobioides Benth.—Champion Bay poison
  • Gastrolobium racemosum (Turcz.) Crisp—Net-leaved poison
  • Gastrolobium reflexum G. Chandler & Crisp
  • Gastrolobium rigidum (C.A.Gardner) Crisp—Rigid leaf poison[Note 4]
  • Gastrolobium spectabile (Endl.) Crisp—Roe's poison
  • Gastrolobium tenue G. Chandler & Crisp

Gastrolobium celsianum Group edit

Gastrolobium cruciatum Group edit

  • Gastrolobium cruciatum G. Chandler & Crisp
  • Gastrolobium epacridoides Meisn.
  • Gastrolobium punctatum (Turcz.) G. Chandler & Crisp
  • Gastrolobium reticulatum (Meisn.) Benth.

Gastrolobium floribundum Group edit

  • Gastrolobium crassifolium Benth.—Thick-leaved poison
  • Gastrolobium diabolophyllum G. Chandler, Crisp & R.J. Bayer
  • Gastrolobium floribundum S.Moore—Wodjil poison
  • Gastrolobium glaucum C.A.Gardner—Spike poison[Note 5]
  • Gastrolobium hians G.Chandler & Crisp
  • Gastrolobium laytonii Jean White—Breelya, Kite-leaved poison
  • Gastrolobium microcarpum (Meisn.) Benth.—Sandplain poison
  • Gastrolobium parvifolium Benth.—Berry poison
  • Gastrolobium polystachyum Meisn.—Horned poison, Hill River poison
  • Gastrolobium propinquum C.A.Gardner—Hutt River poison
  • Gastrolobium pycnostachyum Benth.—Mount Ragged poison, Round-leaved poison[Note 6]
  • Gastrolobium velutinum Lindl. & Paxton—White gum poison, Stirling Range poison

Gastrolobium heterophyllum Group edit

  • Gastrolobium heterophyllum (Turcz.) Crisp—Slender poison
  • Gastrolobium nutans G. Chandler & Crisp
  • Gastrolobium pusillum Crisp & P.H. Weston

Gastrolobium ilicifolium Group edit

  • Gastrolobium ilicifolium Meisn.
  • Gastrolobium rhombifolium G. Chandler & Crisp
  • Gastrolobium tricuspidatum Meisn.

Gastrolobium obovatum Group edit

  • Gastrolobium bennettsianum C.A.Gardner—Cluster poison
  • Gastrolobium brownii Meisn.
  • Gastrolobium hookeri Meisn.
  • Gastrolobium latifolium (R. Br.) G. Chandler & Crisp
  • Gastrolobium obovatum Benth.
  • Gastrolobium plicatum Turcz.
  • Gastrolobium pulchellum Turcz.
  • Gastrolobium spathulatum Benth.
  • Gastrolobium stowardii S. Moore
  • Gastrolobium truncatum Benth.

Gastrolobium pyramidale Group edit

  • Gastrolobium coriaceum (Sm.) G. Chandler & Crisp
  • Gastrolobium crenulatum Turcz.
  • Gastrolobium pyramidale T.Moore

Gastrolobium retusum Group edit

  • Gastrolobium acutum Benth.
  • Gastrolobium alternifolium G. Chandler & Crisp
  • Gastrolobium capitatum (Benth.) G. Chandler & Crisp
  • Gastrolobium crispatum G. Chandler & Crisp
  • Gastrolobium dorrienii (Domin) G. Chandler & Crisp
  • Gastrolobium ebracteolatum G. Chandler & Crisp
  • Gastrolobium effusum (M.D. Crisp & F.H. Mollemans) G. Chandler & Crisp
  • Gastrolobium linearifolium G. Chandler & Crisp
  • Gastrolobium nervosum (Meisn.) G. Chandler & Crisp
  • Gastrolobium retusum Lindl.
  • Gastrolobium stipulare Meisn.
  • Gastrolobium whicherensis G. Chandler & Crisp

Gastrolobium spinosum Group edit

  • Gastrolobium aculeatum G. Chandler, Crisp & R.J. Bayer
  • Gastrolobium euryphyllum G. Chandler & Crisp
  • Gastrolobium spinosum Benth.—Prickly poison
    • var. grandiflorum C.Gardner
    • var. spinosum Benth.
    • var. triangulare Benth.
    • var. trilobum S. Moore
  • Gastrolobium triangulare (Benth.) Domin
  • Gastrolobium trilobum Benth.—Bullock poison
  • Gastrolobium wonganensis G. Chandler & Crisp

Gastrolobium villosum Group edit

  • Gastrolobium densifolium C.A.Gardner—Mallet poison
  • Gastrolobium glabratum G. Chandler & Crisp
  • Gastrolobium ovalifolium Henfr.—Runner poison
  • Gastrolobium rotundifolium Meisn.—Gilbernine poison
  • Gastrolobium tomentosum C.A.Gardner—Woolly poison[Note 7]
  • Gastrolobium villosum Benth.—Crinkle-leaved poison

Incertae Sedis edit

  • Gastrolobium axillare Meisn.
  • Gastrolobium cyanophyllum G. Chandler & Crisp
  • Gastrolobium dilatatum (Benth.) G. Chandler & Crisp
  • Gastrolobium elegans G. Chandler & Crisp
  • Gastrolobium ferrugineum G. Chandler, Crisp & R.J. Bayer
  • Gastrolobium humile G. Chandler & Crisp
  • Gastrolobium lehmannii Meisn.
  • Gastrolobium nudum G. Chandler & Crisp
  • Gastrolobium venulosum G. Chandler & Crisp

Species names with uncertain taxonomic status edit

The status of the following species is unresolved:[6][9][10]

  • Gastrolobium boormani Maiden & Betche
  • Gastrolobium compactum C.A. Gardner
  • Gastrolobium elachistum F.Muell.
  • Gastrolobium henfreyi Lem.
  • Gastrolobium huegelii Henfr.
  • Gastrolobium makoyanum Heynh.
  • Gastrolobium revolutum Crisp
  • Gastrolobium scorsifolium F.Muell.
  • Gastrolobium splendens Heynh.
  • Gastrolobium velutinum Lindl. ex J. Paxton
  • Gastrolobium verticillatum Heynh.
  • Gastrolobium whicherense G.Chandler & Crisp
  • Gastrolobium wonganense G.Chandler & Crisp

See also edit

Notes edit

  1. ^ Gastrolobium callistachys was previously a Declared Rare Flora in Western Australia, but is not currently. See FloraBase.
  2. ^ Gastrolobium graniticum is a Declared Rare Flora in Western Australia. See FloraBase.
  3. ^ Gastrolobium hamulosum is a Declared Rare Flora in Western Australia. See FloraBase.
  4. ^ Gastrolobium rigidum was previously a Declared Rare Flora in Western Australia, but is not currently. See FloraBase.
  5. ^ Gastrolobium glaucum is a Declared Rare Flora in Western Australia. See FloraBase.
  6. ^ Gastrolobium pycnostachyum is a Priority 2 species. See FloraBase.
  7. ^ Gastrolobium tomentosum was previously a Declared Rare Flora in Western Australia, but is not currently. See FloraBase.

References edit

  1. ^ Gastrolobium R.Br. Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 25 August 2023.
  2. ^ Aplin TEH (1967), York road poison and box poison, Western Australian Department of Agriculture, retrieved 1 November 2016
  3. ^ "Champion Bay Poison". Western Mail. Vol. XLIII, no. 2, 231. Western Australia. 15 November 1928. p. 42. Retrieved 1 November 2016 – via National Library of Australia.
  4. ^ Gardner CA, Bennetts HW, Gardner C, Bennetts H (1956), The toxic plants of Western Australia, West Australian Newspapers, Periodicals Division, retrieved 1 November 2016
  5. ^ Sands VE (1975). "The cytoevolution of the Australian Papilionaceae". Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales. 100: 118–155.
  6. ^ a b Chandler GT, Crisp MD, Cayzer LW, Bayer RJ (2002). "Monograph of Gastrolobium (Fabaceae: Mirbelieae)" (PDF). Australian Systematic Botany. 15 (5): 619–739. doi:10.1071/SB01010.
  7. ^ Chandler GT, Bayer RJ, Crisp MD (2001). "A molecular phylogeny of the endemic Australian genus Gastrolobium (Fabaceae: Mirbelieae) and allied genera using chloroplast and nuclear markers". Am J Bot. 88 (9): 1675–1687. doi:10.2307/3558413. JSTOR 3558413. PMID 21669702.
  8. ^ "ILDIS LegumeWeb entry for Gastrolobium". International Legume Database & Information Service. Cardiff School of Computer Science & Informatics. Retrieved 18 January 2017.
  9. ^ a b USDA; ARS; National Genetic Resources Program. "GRIN species records of Gastrolobium". Germplasm Resources Information Network—(GRIN) [Online Database]. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved 18 January 2017.
  10. ^ a b "The Plant List entry for Gastrolobium". The Plant List. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew and the Missouri Botanical Garden. 2013. Retrieved 18 January 2017.

Further reading edit

External links edit

  •   Media related to Gastrolobium at Wikimedia Commons
  • FloraBase the Western Australia Flora: Gastrolobium 2005-07-25 at the Wayback Machine

December 20, 2023
gastrolobium, genus, flowering, plants, family, fabaceae, there, over, species, this, genus, native, south, west, region, western, australia, celsianum, swan, river, scientific, classificationkingdom, plantaeclade, tracheophytesclade, angiospermsclade, eudicot. Gastrolobium is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae There are over 100 species in this genus and all but two are native to the south west region of Western Australia GastrolobiumGastrolobium celsianum Swan River pea Scientific classificationKingdom PlantaeClade TracheophytesClade AngiospermsClade EudicotsClade RosidsOrder FabalesFamily FabaceaeSubfamily FaboideaeClade MirbelioidsGenus GastrolobiumR Br 1811 Type speciesGastrolobium bilobumR Br Groups and speciesSee textSynonyms 1 Brachysema R Br 1811 Cryptosema Meisn 1848 Cupulanthus Hutch 1964 Jansonia Kippist 1847 Nemcia Domin 1923 Pontania Lem 1844 A significant number of the species accumulate monofluoroacetate the key ingredient of the poison known commonly as 1080 which caused introduced non native animal deaths from the 1840s in Western Australia The controversy over the cause of the stock poisoning in that time involved the botanist James Drummond in a series of tests to ascertain the cause of the poisoning which was determined to be caused primarily by the plants York Road poison G calycinum and Champion Bay poison G oxylobioides 2 3 In the 1930s and 1940s C A Gardner and H W Bennetts identified other species in Western Australia leading to the publication of The Toxic Plants of Western Australia in 1956 4 The base chromosome number of Gastrolobium is 2n 16 5 Contents 1 Species 1 1 Gastrolobium bilobum Group 1 1 1 Gastrolobium parviflorum Subgroup 1 2 Gastrolobium calycinum Group 1 3 Gastrolobium celsianum Group 1 4 Gastrolobium cruciatum Group 1 5 Gastrolobium floribundum Group 1 6 Gastrolobium heterophyllum Group 1 7 Gastrolobium ilicifolium Group 1 8 Gastrolobium obovatum Group 1 9 Gastrolobium pyramidale Group 1 10 Gastrolobium retusum Group 1 11 Gastrolobium spinosum Group 1 12 Gastrolobium villosum Group 1 13 Incertae Sedis 2 Species names with uncertain taxonomic status 3 See also 4 Notes 5 References 6 Further reading 7 External linksSpecies editGastrolobium comprises the following species 6 7 8 9 10 Gastrolobium bilobum Group edit Gastrolobium acrocaroli G Chandler amp Crisp Gastrolobium bilobum R Br Heart leaved poison Gastrolobium brevipes Crisp Gastrolobium callistachys Meisn Rock poison Note 1 Gastrolobium congestum G Chandler amp Crisp Gastrolobium cuneatum Henfry River poison Gastrolobium grandiflorum F Muell Wallflower poison Gastrolobium graniticum S Moore Crisp Granite poison Note 2 Gastrolobium involutum G Chandler amp Crisp Gastrolobium semiteres G Chandler amp Crisp Gastrolobium stenophyllum Turcz Phillips River poison Narrow leaved poison Gastrolobium tergiversum G Chandler amp CrispGastrolobium parviflorum Subgroup edit Gastrolobium discolor G Chandler Crisp amp R J Bayer Gastrolobium melanocarpum G Chandler amp Crisp Gastrolobium musaceum G Chandler amp Crisp Gastrolobium parviflorum Benth Crisp Box poison Gastrolobium tetragonophyllum E Pritz Crisp Brother brotherGastrolobium calycinum Group edit Gastrolobium appressum C A Gardner Scaleleaf poison Gastrolobium calycinum Benth York Road poison Gastrolobium hamulosum Meisn Hook Point poison Note 3 Gastrolobium oxylobioides Benth Champion Bay poison Gastrolobium racemosum Turcz Crisp Net leaved poison Gastrolobium reflexum G Chandler amp Crisp Gastrolobium rigidum C A Gardner Crisp Rigid leaf poison Note 4 Gastrolobium spectabile Endl Crisp Roe s poison Gastrolobium tenue G Chandler amp CrispGastrolobium celsianum Group edit Gastrolobium bracteolosum F Muell G Chandler amp Crisp Gastrolobium celsianum Lem G Chandler amp Crisp Swan River pea Gastrolobium formosum Kippist ex Lindl G Chandler amp Crisp Gastrolobium leakeanum Drumm Mountain pea Gastrolobium luteifolium Domin G Chandler amp Crisp Gastrolobium melanopetalum F Muell G Chandler amp Crisp Gastrolobium minus Crisp G Chandler amp Crisp Gastrolobium modestum Crisp G Chandler amp Crisp Gastrolobium mondurup G Chandler amp Crisp Gastrolobium papilio Crisp G Chandler amp Crisp Gastrolobium praemorsum Meisn G Chandler amp Crisp Gastrolobium rubrum Crisp G Chandler amp Crisp Gastrolobium sericeum Sm G Chandler amp Crisp Gastrolobium subcordatum Benth G Chandler amp Crisp Gastrolobium vestitum Domin G Chandler amp CrispGastrolobium cruciatum Group edit Gastrolobium cruciatum G Chandler amp Crisp Gastrolobium epacridoides Meisn Gastrolobium punctatum Turcz G Chandler amp Crisp Gastrolobium reticulatum Meisn Benth Gastrolobium floribundum Group edit Gastrolobium crassifolium Benth Thick leaved poison Gastrolobium diabolophyllum G Chandler Crisp amp R J Bayer Gastrolobium floribundum S Moore Wodjil poison Gastrolobium glaucum C A Gardner Spike poison Note 5 Gastrolobium hians G Chandler amp Crisp Gastrolobium laytonii Jean White Breelya Kite leaved poison Gastrolobium microcarpum Meisn Benth Sandplain poison Gastrolobium parvifolium Benth Berry poison Gastrolobium polystachyum Meisn Horned poison Hill River poison Gastrolobium propinquum C A Gardner Hutt River poison Gastrolobium pycnostachyum Benth Mount Ragged poison Round leaved poison Note 6 Gastrolobium velutinum Lindl amp Paxton White gum poison Stirling Range poisonGastrolobium heterophyllum Group edit Gastrolobium heterophyllum Turcz Crisp Slender poison Gastrolobium nutans G Chandler amp Crisp Gastrolobium pusillum Crisp amp P H WestonGastrolobium ilicifolium Group edit Gastrolobium ilicifolium Meisn Gastrolobium rhombifolium G Chandler amp Crisp Gastrolobium tricuspidatum Meisn Gastrolobium obovatum Group edit Gastrolobium bennettsianum C A Gardner Cluster poison Gastrolobium brownii Meisn Gastrolobium hookeri Meisn Gastrolobium latifolium R Br G Chandler amp Crisp Gastrolobium obovatum Benth Gastrolobium plicatum Turcz Gastrolobium pulchellum Turcz Gastrolobium spathulatum Benth Gastrolobium stowardii S Moore Gastrolobium truncatum Benth Gastrolobium pyramidale Group edit Gastrolobium coriaceum Sm G Chandler amp Crisp Gastrolobium crenulatum Turcz Gastrolobium pyramidale T MooreGastrolobium retusum Group edit Gastrolobium acutum Benth Gastrolobium alternifolium G Chandler amp Crisp Gastrolobium capitatum Benth G Chandler amp Crisp Gastrolobium crispatum G Chandler amp Crisp Gastrolobium dorrienii Domin G Chandler amp Crisp Gastrolobium ebracteolatum G Chandler amp Crisp Gastrolobium effusum M D Crisp amp F H Mollemans G Chandler amp Crisp Gastrolobium linearifolium G Chandler amp Crisp Gastrolobium nervosum Meisn G Chandler amp Crisp Gastrolobium retusum Lindl Gastrolobium stipulare Meisn Gastrolobium whicherensis G Chandler amp CrispGastrolobium spinosum Group edit Gastrolobium aculeatum G Chandler Crisp amp R J Bayer Gastrolobium euryphyllum G Chandler amp Crisp Gastrolobium spinosum Benth Prickly poison var grandiflorum C Gardner var spinosum Benth var triangulare Benth var trilobum S Moore Gastrolobium triangulare Benth Domin Gastrolobium trilobum Benth Bullock poison Gastrolobium wonganensis G Chandler amp CrispGastrolobium villosum Group edit Gastrolobium densifolium C A Gardner Mallet poison Gastrolobium glabratum G Chandler amp Crisp Gastrolobium ovalifolium Henfr Runner poison Gastrolobium rotundifolium Meisn Gilbernine poison Gastrolobium tomentosum C A Gardner Woolly poison Note 7 Gastrolobium villosum Benth Crinkle leaved poisonIncertae Sedis edit Gastrolobium axillare Meisn Gastrolobium cyanophyllum G Chandler amp Crisp Gastrolobium dilatatum Benth G Chandler amp Crisp Gastrolobium elegans G Chandler amp Crisp Gastrolobium ferrugineum G Chandler Crisp amp R J Bayer Gastrolobium humile G Chandler amp Crisp Gastrolobium lehmannii Meisn Gastrolobium nudum G Chandler amp Crisp Gastrolobium venulosum G Chandler amp CrispSpecies names with uncertain taxonomic status editThe status of the following species is unresolved 6 9 10 Gastrolobium boormani Maiden amp Betche Gastrolobium compactum C A Gardner Gastrolobium elachistum F Muell Gastrolobium henfreyi Lem Gastrolobium huegelii Henfr Gastrolobium makoyanum Heynh Gastrolobium revolutum Crisp Gastrolobium scorsifolium F Muell Gastrolobium splendens Heynh Gastrolobium velutinum Lindl ex J Paxton Gastrolobium verticillatum Heynh Gastrolobium whicherense G Chandler amp Crisp Gastrolobium wonganense G Chandler amp CrispSee also editWestern Shield Conservation PracticesNotes edit Gastrolobium callistachys was previously a Declared Rare Flora in Western Australia but is not currently See FloraBase Gastrolobium graniticum is a Declared Rare Flora in Western Australia See FloraBase Gastrolobium hamulosum is a Declared Rare Flora in Western Australia See FloraBase Gastrolobium rigidum was previously a Declared Rare Flora in Western Australia but is not currently See FloraBase Gastrolobium glaucum is a Declared Rare Flora in Western Australia See FloraBase Gastrolobium pycnostachyum is a Priority 2 species See FloraBase Gastrolobium tomentosum was previously a Declared Rare Flora in Western Australia but is not currently See FloraBase References edit Gastrolobium R Br Plants of the World Online Retrieved 25 August 2023 Aplin TEH 1967 York road poison and box poison Western Australian Department of Agriculture retrieved 1 November 2016 Champion Bay Poison Western Mail Vol XLIII no 2 231 Western Australia 15 November 1928 p 42 Retrieved 1 November 2016 via National Library of Australia Gardner CA Bennetts HW Gardner C Bennetts H 1956 The toxic plants of Western Australia West Australian Newspapers Periodicals Division retrieved 1 November 2016 Sands VE 1975 The cytoevolution of the Australian Papilionaceae Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 100 118 155 a b Chandler GT Crisp MD Cayzer LW Bayer RJ 2002 Monograph of Gastrolobium Fabaceae Mirbelieae PDF Australian Systematic Botany 15 5 619 739 doi 10 1071 SB01010 Chandler GT Bayer RJ Crisp MD 2001 A molecular phylogeny of the endemic Australian genus Gastrolobium Fabaceae Mirbelieae and allied genera using chloroplast and nuclear markers Am J Bot 88 9 1675 1687 doi 10 2307 3558413 JSTOR 3558413 PMID 21669702 ILDIS LegumeWeb entry for Gastrolobium International Legume Database amp Information Service Cardiff School of Computer Science amp Informatics Retrieved 18 January 2017 a b USDA ARS National Genetic Resources Program GRIN species records of Gastrolobium Germplasm Resources Information Network GRIN Online Database National Germplasm Resources Laboratory Beltsville Maryland Retrieved 18 January 2017 a b The Plant List entry for Gastrolobium The Plant List Royal Botanic Gardens Kew and the Missouri Botanical Garden 2013 Retrieved 18 January 2017 Further reading editPaczkowska G Chapman AR 2000 The Western Australian Flora A Descriptive Catalogue Perth W A Wildflower Society of Western Australia Western Australian Herbarium Western Australian Botanic Gardens amp Parks Authority ISBN 0 646 40100 9 Gastrobium R Br Australian Plant Name Index APNI IBIS database Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research Australian Government Seawright AA 1989 Flouracetates Animal Health in Australia Volume 2 Chemical and Plant Poisons Canberra Australian Government Publishing Service pp 43 45 ISBN 0 644 08179 1 External links edit nbsp Media related to Gastrolobium at Wikimedia Commons FloraBase the Western Australia Flora Gastrolobium Archived 2005 07 25 at the Wayback Machine Gastrolobium Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Gastrolobium amp oldid 1181864168, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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