The Iranian National Jewels (Persian: جواهرات ملی ایران, Javāherāt-e Melli-ye Irān), originally the Iranian Crown Jewels (Persian: جواهرات سلطنتی ایران, Javāherāt-e Saltanati-ye Irān), include elaborate crowns, thirty tiaras, and numerous aigrettes, a dozen bejeweled swords and shields, a number of unset precious gems, numerous plates and other dining services cast in precious metals and encrusted with gems, and several other more unusual items (such as a large golden globe with the oceans made of emeralds) collected or worn by the Persian monarchs from the 16th century (Safavid Persia) and on. The collection is housed at the Treasury of National Jewels, situated inside the Central Bank of Iran on Tehran's Ferdowsi Avenue.[1]
The majority of the items now in the collection were acquired by the Safavid dynasty, which ruled Iran from 1502 to 1736 AD. Afghans invaded Iran in 1719 and sacked the then capital of Isfahan and took the Iranian crown jewels as plunder.[citation needed] By 1729, however, after an internal struggle of nearly a decade, Nader Shah Afshar successfully drove the Afghans from Iran. In 1738, the Shah launched his own campaign against the Afghan homeland. After taking and raiding the cities of Kandahar and Kabul as well as several principalities in far-off northern India, and sacking Delhi, the victorious Nader Shah returned to Iran with what remained of the plundered crown jewels as well as several other precious objects now found in the Iranian Treasury. These included diamonds, emeralds, rubies, sapphires, and other precious gemstones. Four of the most prominent acquisitions from this conquest were the Koh-i-Noor and Darya-ye Noor diamonds (both originating from India and still amongst the largest in the world), the Peacock Throne, and the Samarian Spinel.[citation needed]
The crown jewels were last used by the Pahlavi dynasty, the last to rule Iran. The splendor of the collection came to the attention of the western world largely through their use by Mohammad Reza Pahlavi and his Shahbanu, Farah Pahlavi, during official ceremonies and state visits.
The Iranian crown jewels are considered so valuable that they are still used as a reserve to back Iranian currency (and have been used this way by several successive governments). In 1937, during the reign of Reza Shah Pahlavi, ownership of the Imperial treasury was transferred to the state. The jewels were placed in the vaults of the National Bank of Iran, where they were used as collateral to strengthen the financial power of the institution and to back the national monetary system.[2] This important economic role is perhaps one reason why these jewels, undeniable symbols of Iran's monarchic past, have been retained by the current Islamic Republic.[citation needed]
Because of their great value and economic significance, the Iranian crown jewels were for centuries kept far from public view in the vaults of the Imperial treasury. However, as the first Pahlavi Shah had transferred ownership of the crown jewels to the state, his son, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, decreed that the most spectacular of the jewels should be put on public display at the Central Bank of Iran.
When the Iranian Revolution toppled the Pahlavi dynasty in 1979, it was feared that in the chaos the Iranian crown jewels had been stolen or sold by the revolutionaries. Although in fact some smaller items were stolen and smuggled across Iran's borders, the bulk of the collection remained intact. This became evident when the revolutionary government under the presidency of Hashemi Rafsanjani re-opened the permanent exhibition of the Iranian crown jewels to the public in the 1990s. They remain on public display.[citation needed]
The Royal Mace of Iran is a jewel-encrusted ceremonial mace, a part of the Iranian Crown Jewels. It was a favorite of Fath-Ali Shah Qajar, who is often shown holding it in his miniature portraits. The mace is encrusted with spinels and diamonds, from end to end. It is 73 cm (2.4 ft) long. The largest diamond weighs 17 carats (3.4 g), and is located on the very top of the mace. The largest spinels are the six surrounding the top of the mace, each weighing 40 carats (8 g).
Meen, V.B, Tushingham, A.D. Crown jewels of Iran, Toronto 1968.
External linksEdit
Media related to Crown jewels of Iran at Wikimedia Commons
Treasury of National Jewels 2014-02-26 at the Wayback Machine
Iran Crown Jewels with Photos
The Imperial Jewels of Iran (images)
Treasury of National Jewels of Iran 2021-09-26 at the Wayback Machine
Sara Mashayekh, The Breathtaking Jewelry Museum of Iran, Rozaneh Magazine, January–February 2006,.
crown jewels of Iran(book)
August 31, 2023
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The Iranian National Jewels Persian جواهرات ملی ایران Javaherat e Melli ye Iran originally the Iranian Crown Jewels Persian جواهرات سلطنتی ایران Javaherat e Saltanati ye Iran include elaborate crowns thirty tiaras and numerous aigrettes a dozen bejeweled swords and shields a number of unset precious gems numerous plates and other dining services cast in precious metals and encrusted with gems and several other more unusual items such as a large golden globe with the oceans made of emeralds collected or worn by the Persian monarchs from the 16th century Safavid Persia and on The collection is housed at the Treasury of National Jewels situated inside the Central Bank of Iran on Tehran s Ferdowsi Avenue 1 An elaborate diamond and emerald Aigrette set in silver Part of the Iranian Crown Jewels Contents 1 Safavid and Afsharid conquests 2 Modern use Pahlavi dynasty present 2 1 Public display 3 The Imperial Collection 3 1 The Royal Mace of Iran 3 2 Other items 4 See also 5 References 6 External linksSafavid and Afsharid conquests EditThe majority of the items now in the collection were acquired by the Safavid dynasty which ruled Iran from 1502 to 1736 AD Afghans invaded Iran in 1719 and sacked the then capital of Isfahan and took the Iranian crown jewels as plunder citation needed By 1729 however after an internal struggle of nearly a decade Nader Shah Afshar successfully drove the Afghans from Iran In 1738 the Shah launched his own campaign against the Afghan homeland After taking and raiding the cities of Kandahar and Kabul as well as several principalities in far off northern India and sacking Delhi the victorious Nader Shah returned to Iran with what remained of the plundered crown jewels as well as several other precious objects now found in the Iranian Treasury These included diamonds emeralds rubies sapphires and other precious gemstones Four of the most prominent acquisitions from this conquest were the Koh i Noor and Darya ye Noor diamonds both originating from India and still amongst the largest in the world the Peacock Throne and the Samarian Spinel citation needed Modern use Pahlavi dynasty present Edit nbsp Mohammad Reza Shah crowning his wife Empress Farah at their coronation in 1967 The crown jewels were last used by the Pahlavi dynasty the last to rule Iran The splendor of the collection came to the attention of the western world largely through their use by Mohammad Reza Pahlavi and his Shahbanu Farah Pahlavi during official ceremonies and state visits The Iranian crown jewels are considered so valuable that they are still used as a reserve to back Iranian currency and have been used this way by several successive governments In 1937 during the reign of Reza Shah Pahlavi ownership of the Imperial treasury was transferred to the state The jewels were placed in the vaults of the National Bank of Iran where they were used as collateral to strengthen the financial power of the institution and to back the national monetary system 2 This important economic role is perhaps one reason why these jewels undeniable symbols of Iran s monarchic past have been retained by the current Islamic Republic citation needed Public display Edit Main article Treasury of National Jewels Because of their great value and economic significance the Iranian crown jewels were for centuries kept far from public view in the vaults of the Imperial treasury However as the first Pahlavi Shah had transferred ownership of the crown jewels to the state his son Mohammad Reza Pahlavi decreed that the most spectacular of the jewels should be put on public display at the Central Bank of Iran When the Iranian Revolution toppled the Pahlavi dynasty in 1979 it was feared that in the chaos the Iranian crown jewels had been stolen or sold by the revolutionaries Although in fact some smaller items were stolen and smuggled across Iran s borders the bulk of the collection remained intact This became evident when the revolutionary government under the presidency of Hashemi Rafsanjani re opened the permanent exhibition of the Iranian crown jewels to the public in the 1990s They remain on public display citation needed The Imperial Collection Edit nbsp The Pahlavi Crown nbsp The Empress s Crown nbsp Noor ul Ain tiara nbsp Daria i Noor diamond nbsp Coronation Necklace nbsp Emerald necklace nbsp The Naderi Throne nbsp Chest filled with pearls nbsp Golden flagon nbsp Jeweled dish cover nbsp Coronation Cape nbsp The Jeweled Globe nbsp The Golden Belt Shah s Coronation Belt nbsp The Imperial SwordThe Royal Mace of Iran Edit nbsp Fath Ali Shah Qajar with the Royal Mace of Iran at his kneesThe Royal Mace of Iran is a jewel encrusted ceremonial mace a part of the Iranian Crown Jewels It was a favorite of Fath Ali Shah Qajar who is often shown holding it in his miniature portraits The mace is encrusted with spinels and diamonds from end to end It is 73 cm 2 4 ft long The largest diamond weighs 17 carats 3 4 g and is located on the very top of the mace The largest spinels are the six surrounding the top of the mace each weighing 40 carats 8 g Other items Edit Princess Ashraf Ruby Tiara Empress Farah Emerald Tiara The Sword of Fath Ali Shah Qajar The Great Globe The Sun Throne Sword of Nader Shah Shield of Nader ShahSee also Edit nbsp Iran portal nbsp Asia portal nbsp Monarchy portal nbsp Royalty portalCrown jewels Treasury of National Jewels National Museum of Iran Saltmen Culture of Iran History of Iran Tourism in Iran Geography of Iran International rankings of Iran Category Iranian National JewelsReferences Edit خزانه جواهرات ملی بانک مرکزی جمهوری اسلامی ايران Archived from the original on 2017 09 12 Retrieved 2013 09 15 Iran Chamber Society Iranian National Royal Jewels Iranchamber com 1937 11 16 Archived from the original on 2012 07 16 Retrieved 2012 08 18 Malecka A The Mystery of the Nur al Ayn Diamond in Gems amp Jewellery The Gemmological Association of Great Britain vol 23 no 6 July 2014 pp 20 22 https issuu com jeweller docs jeweller g j sept 2014 58 Malecka A Darya ye Nur History and Myth of a Crown Jewel of Iran Iranian Studies vol 51 2018 https dx doi org 10 1080 00210862 2017 1362952 Meen V B Tushingham A D Crown jewels of Iran Toronto 1968 External links Edit nbsp Media related to Crown jewels of Iran at Wikimedia Commons Treasury of National Jewels Archived 2014 02 26 at the Wayback Machine Amazing Iran Iran Crown Jewels with Photos Imperial Iran of the Pahlavi Dynasty The Imperial Jewels of Iran images Treasury of National Jewels of Iran Archived 2021 09 26 at the Wayback Machine Sara Mashayekh The Breathtaking Jewelry Museum of Iran Rozaneh Magazine January February 2006 crown jewels of Iran book Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Iranian National Jewels amp oldid 1163342630, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
