In India, a Municipal Council (also known as Municipality, Nagar Palika, or Nagar Palika Parishad) is an Urban Local Body that administers a city of population 100,000 or more. However, there are exceptions to that, as previously Nagar Palikas constituted in urban centers with populations over 20,000, so all the urban bodies which were previously classified as Nagar Palikas even if their population was under 100,000. Under the Panchayati Raj system. It interacts directly with the state government, though it is administratively part of the district it is located in. Generally, smaller district cities and bigger towns have a Nagar Palika.
Nagar Palikas are also a form of local self-government entrusted with some duties and responsibilities, as enshrined in the Constitutional (74th Amendment) Act, 1993. Under Article 243Q, it became obligatory for every state to constitute such units.
The 74th amendment made the provisions relating to urban local governments (Nagarpalikas).[1]
The members of the Municipal Council or Municipality are elected representatives for a term of five years. The town is divided into wards according to population, and representatives are elected from each ward separately. The members elect a chairperson and vice chairperson among themselves to preside over and conduct meetings. A chief executive officer, along with officers like an engineer, sanitary inspector, health inspector, and education officer who come from the state public service are appointed by the state government to control the administrative affairs of the Nagar Palika. Employees of the state government of India, including Chief Officer, Town Planning Engineer, Auditor, Sanitary Inspector, Medical Officer for Health, and Education Officer, among many others, who come from the state public services, are appointed to handle the administrative affairs of the Municipality.
The population requirements for forming a Municipal Council or Municipality vary across different states in India. The specific population thresholds are defined by the respective state governments through their municipal acts or legislation. In Andhra Pradesh, a Municipality can be formed if the population of the area is more than 25000 and below 100000. The population requirement for a municipality to be classified as a Municipal Council can vary from state to state but typically ranges from around 20,000 to 100,000 residents. Again, the exact population requirement may vary depending on the state. The establishment of municipalities is primarily based on several factors that are taken into consideration by the state governments. These factors may vary from state to state but generally include the following:[2]
issuance of trade certificate, birth and death certificate, building permit, occupancy certificate, etc
Sources of incomeEdit
A steady and adequate supply of funds is essential for the smooth running of all these programmes. The various sources of income of municipal bodies are:
The income from taxes, including on houses, entertainment, electricity, water tax (in certain cities), vehicles, property, and land
Toll tax is the most important income of a municipality. All commercial vehicles may receive toll taxes, except auto rickshaw.
Income is also generated from commercial activities like hotels, tourist centers, renting and sale of municipal property, and education cess.
Financial grants from the state government are a major source of income for all municipal bodies. Loans are also provided if special projects are undertaken for citizens' welfare.
Professional tax collection from all the employers, i.e. government and private sectors
^(PDF). National Council of Educational Research and Training. 20 January 2015. Archived from the original on 29 November 2015.
^A study on "Decentralisation and Municipalities", Department of Legal Affairs, Government of India
^Jacob, Babu (3 September 2022). "Kerala Municipality Act gave little power to city govts. 1999 legislation choked them further". ThePrint. Retrieved 1 June 2023.
^"Panchayats, Municipalities & Co-operative Societies:All you want to know". iPleaders. 10 January 2020. Retrieved 1 June 2023.
Our Civic Life (Civics and Administration) - Maharashtra State Bureau of Textbook Production and Curriculum Research, Pune
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In India a Municipal Council also known as Municipality Nagar Palika or Nagar Palika Parishad is an Urban Local Body that administers a city of population 100 000 or more However there are exceptions to that as previously Nagar Palikas constituted in urban centers with populations over 20 000 so all the urban bodies which were previously classified as Nagar Palikas even if their population was under 100 000 Under the Panchayati Raj system It interacts directly with the state government though it is administratively part of the district it is located in Generally smaller district cities and bigger towns have a Nagar Palika Nagar Palikas are also a form of local self government entrusted with some duties and responsibilities as enshrined in the Constitutional 74th Amendment Act 1993 Under Article 243Q it became obligatory for every state to constitute such units The 74th amendment made the provisions relating to urban local governments Nagarpalikas 1 Three tier structure Municipal Corporation City Corporation Municipality Municipal Council Town BoardFour tier structure Municipal Corporation City Corporation City Municipal Council Town Municipal Council Town BoardContents 1 Composition 2 Requirements 3 Functions 4 Sources of income 5 See also 6 SourcesComposition EditThe members of the Municipal Council or Municipality are elected representatives for a term of five years The town is divided into wards according to population and representatives are elected from each ward separately The members elect a chairperson and vice chairperson among themselves to preside over and conduct meetings A chief executive officer along with officers like an engineer sanitary inspector health inspector and education officer who come from the state public service are appointed by the state government to control the administrative affairs of the Nagar Palika Employees of the state government of India including Chief Officer Town Planning Engineer Auditor Sanitary Inspector Medical Officer for Health and Education Officer among many others who come from the state public services are appointed to handle the administrative affairs of the Municipality Organisational hierarchyRepublic of IndiaStatesUnion TerritoriesDivisionsDistrictsBlocks Tehsils Talukas Municipal Corporations Mahanagar Palika Municipal Council Nagar Palika Town Board Nagar Panchayat Villages Gram Gaon WardsRequirements EditThe population requirements for forming a Municipal Council or Municipality vary across different states in India The specific population thresholds are defined by the respective state governments through their municipal acts or legislation In Andhra Pradesh a Municipality can be formed if the population of the area is more than 25000 and below 100000 The population requirement for a municipality to be classified as a Municipal Council can vary from state to state but typically ranges from around 20 000 to 100 000 residents Again the exact population requirement may vary depending on the state The establishment of municipalities is primarily based on several factors that are taken into consideration by the state governments These factors may vary from state to state but generally include the following 2 Population Geographical area Urbanization Revenue InfrastructureFunctions EditThe Municipality is responsible for 3 4 Water supply Hospitals Excluding district hospitals regional speciality hospitals Roads Excluding major district roads Street lighting Drainage Fire brigade Market places Government schools Sewage treatment Veterinary clinics Agriculture Public health care Public amenities Social forestry Social welfare Infrastructure development Urban planning Records of births and deaths Sports and recreational facilities Sanitation Solid waste management Maintaining gardens parks and playgrounds Providing education to unprivileged children issuance of trade certificate birth and death certificate building permit occupancy certificate etcSources of income EditA steady and adequate supply of funds is essential for the smooth running of all these programmes The various sources of income of municipal bodies are The income from taxes including on houses entertainment electricity water tax in certain cities vehicles property and land Toll tax is the most important income of a municipality All commercial vehicles may receive toll taxes except auto rickshaw Income is also generated from commercial activities like hotels tourist centers renting and sale of municipal property and education cess Financial grants from the state government are a major source of income for all municipal bodies Loans are also provided if special projects are undertaken for citizens welfare Professional tax collection from all the employers i e government and private sectorsSee also EditMunicipal governance in IndiaSources Edit India Constitution at Work PDF National Council of Educational Research and Training 20 January 2015 Archived from the original on 29 November 2015 A study on Decentralisation and Municipalities Department of Legal Affairs Government of India Jacob Babu 3 September 2022 Kerala Municipality Act gave little power to city govts 1999 legislation choked them further ThePrint Retrieved 1 June 2023 Panchayats Municipalities amp Co operative Societies All you want to know iPleaders 10 January 2020 Retrieved 1 June 2023 Our Civic Life Civics and Administration Maharashtra State Bureau of Textbook Production and Curriculum Research Pune nbsp This article about government in India is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Municipal council India amp oldid 1178223130, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
