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IκBα

January 01, 1970

IκBα (nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells inhibitor alpha; NFKBIA) is one member of a family of cellular proteins that function to inhibit the NF-κB transcription factor. IκBα inhibits NF-κB by masking the nuclear localization signals (NLS) of NF-κB proteins and keeping them sequestered in an inactive state in the cytoplasm.[5] In addition, IκBα blocks the ability of NF-κB transcription factors to bind to DNA, which is required for NF-κB's proper functioning.[6]

NFKBIA
Available structures
PDBOrtholog search: PDBe RCSB
Identifiers
AliasesNFKBIA, IKBA, MAD-3, NFKBI, NFKB inhibitor alpha, EDAID2
External IDsOMIM: 164008; MGI: 104741; HomoloGene: 7863; GeneCards: NFKBIA; OMA:NFKBIA - orthologs
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

4792

18035

Ensembl

ENSG00000100906

ENSMUSG00000021025

UniProt

P25963

Q9Z1E3

RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_020529

NM_010907

RefSeq (protein)

NP_065390

NP_035037

Location (UCSC)Chr 14: 35.4 – 35.4 MbChr 12: 55.54 – 55.54 Mb
PubMed search[3][4]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

Disease linkage edit

The gene encoding the IκBα protein is mutated in some Hodgkin's lymphoma cells; such mutations inactivate the IκBα protein, thus causing NF-κB to be chronically active in the lymphoma tumor cells and this activity contributes to the malignant state of these tumor cells.[7]

Interactions edit

IκBα has been shown to interact with:

References edit

  1. ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000100906 – Ensembl, May 2017
  2. ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000021025 – Ensembl, May 2017
  3. ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. ^ Jacobs MD, Harrison SC (1998). "Structure of an IkappaBalpha/NF-kappaB complex". Cell. 95 (6): 749–58. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81698-0. PMID 9865693. S2CID 7003353.
  6. ^ Verma IM, Stevenson JK, Schwarz EM, Van Antwerp D, Miyamoto S (1995). "Rel/NF-kappa B/I kappa B family: intimate tales of association and dissociation". Genes Dev. 9 (22): 2723–35. doi:10.1101/gad.9.22.2723. PMID 7590248.
  7. ^ Cabannes E, Khan G, Aillet F, Jarrett RF, Hay RT (1999). "Mutations in the IkBa gene in Hodgkin's disease suggest a tumour suppressor role for IkappaBalpha". Oncogene. 18 (20): 3063–70. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1202893. PMID 10340377. S2CID 8269256.
  8. ^ Suzuki H, Chiba T, Suzuki T, Fujita T, Ikenoue T, Omata M, Furuichi K, Shikama H, Tanaka K (January 2000). "Homodimer of two F-box proteins betaTrCP1 or betaTrCP2 binds to IkappaBalpha for signal-dependent ubiquitination". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (4): 2877–84. doi:10.1074/jbc.275.4.2877. PMID 10644755.
  9. ^ a b Spencer E, Jiang J, Chen ZJ (February 1999). "Signal-induced ubiquitination of IkappaBalpha by the F-box protein Slimb/beta-TrCP". Genes Dev. 13 (3): 284–94. doi:10.1101/gad.13.3.284. PMC 316434. PMID 9990853.
  10. ^ . Archived from the original on 2006-05-06. Retrieved 2012-05-08.
  11. ^ a b c Cohen L, Henzel WJ, Baeuerle PA (September 1998). "IKAP is a scaffold protein of the IkappaB kinase complex". Nature. 395 (6699): 292–6. Bibcode:1998Natur.395..292C. doi:10.1038/26254. PMID 9751059. S2CID 4327300.
  12. ^ a b Woronicz JD, Gao X, Cao Z, Rothe M, Goeddel DV (October 1997). "IkappaB kinase-beta: NF-kappaB activation and complex formation with IkappaB kinase-alpha and NIK". Science. 278 (5339): 866–9. Bibcode:1997Sci...278..866W. doi:10.1126/science.278.5339.866. PMID 9346485.
  13. ^ DiDonato JA, Hayakawa M, Rothwarf DM, Zandi E, Karin M (August 1997). "A cytokine-responsive IkappaB kinase that activates the transcription factor NF-kappaB". Nature. 388 (6642): 548–54. doi:10.1038/41493. PMID 9252186. S2CID 4354442.
  14. ^ Ninomiya-Tsuji J, Kishimoto K, Hiyama A, Inoue J, Cao Z, Matsumoto K (March 1999). "The kinase TAK1 can activate the NIK-I kappaB as well as the MAP kinase cascade in the IL-1 signalling pathway". Nature. 398 (6724): 252–6. Bibcode:1999Natur.398..252N. doi:10.1038/18465. PMID 10094049. S2CID 4421236.
  15. ^ Crépieux P, Kwon H, Leclerc N, Spencer W, Richard S, Lin R, Hiscott J (December 1997). "I kappaB alpha physically interacts with a cytoskeleton-associated protein through its signal response domain". Mol. Cell. Biol. 17 (12): 7375–85. doi:10.1128/MCB.17.12.7375. PMC 232593. PMID 9372968.
  16. ^ Prigent M, Barlat I, Langen H, Dargemont C (November 2000). "IkappaBalpha and IkappaBalpha /NF-kappa B complexes are retained in the cytoplasm through interaction with a novel partner, RasGAP SH3-binding protein 2". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (46): 36441–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.M004751200. PMID 10969074.
  17. ^ a b c Hay DC, Kemp GD, Dargemont C, Hay RT (May 2001). "Interaction between hnRNPA1 and IkappaBalpha is required for maximal activation of NF-kappaB-dependent transcription". Mol. Cell. Biol. 21 (10): 3482–90. doi:10.1128/MCB.21.10.3482-3490.2001. PMC 100270. PMID 11313474.
  18. ^ Mercurio F, Murray BW, Shevchenko A, Bennett BL, Young DB, Li JW, Pascual G, Motiwala A, Zhu H, Mann M, Manning AM (February 1999). "IkappaB kinase (IKK)-associated protein 1, a common component of the heterogeneous IKK complex". Mol. Cell. Biol. 19 (2): 1526–38. doi:10.1128/mcb.19.2.1526. PMC 116081. PMID 9891086.
  19. ^ a b Malek S, Huxford T, Ghosh G (September 1998). "Ikappa Balpha functions through direct contacts with the nuclear localization signals and the DNA binding sequences of NF-kappaB". J. Biol. Chem. 273 (39): 25427–35. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.39.25427. PMID 9738011.
  20. ^ Chang NS (March 2002). "The non-ankyrin C terminus of Ikappa Balpha physically interacts with p53 in vivo and dissociates in response to apoptotic stress, hypoxia, DNA damage, and transforming growth factor-beta 1-mediated growth suppression". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (12): 10323–31. doi:10.1074/jbc.M106607200. PMID 11799106.
  21. ^ Fischle W, Verdin E, Greene WC (August 2001). "Duration of nuclear NF-kappaB action regulated by reversible acetylation". Science. 293 (5535): 1653–7. Bibcode:2001Sci...293.1653C. doi:10.1126/science.1062374. hdl:11858/00-001M-0000-002C-9FF1-A. PMID 11533489. S2CID 45796404.
  22. ^ Kiernan R, Brès V, Ng RW, Coudart MP, El Messaoudi S, Sardet C, Jin DY, Emiliani S, Benkirane M (January 2003). "Post-activation turn-off of NF-kappa B-dependent transcription is regulated by acetylation of p65". J. Biol. Chem. 278 (4): 2758–66. doi:10.1074/jbc.M209572200. PMID 12419806.
  23. ^ Hansen SK, Baeuerle PA, Blasi F (April 1994). "Purification, reconstitution, and I kappa B association of the c-Rel-p65 (RelA) complex, a strong activator of transcription". Mol. Cell. Biol. 14 (4): 2593–603. doi:10.1128/mcb.14.4.2593. PMC 358627. PMID 8139561.
  24. ^ Schouten GJ, Vertegaal AC, Whiteside ST, Israël A, Toebes M, Dorsman JC, van der Eb AJ, Zantema A (June 1997). "IkappaB alpha is a target for the mitogen-activated 90 kDa ribosomal S6 kinase". EMBO J. 16 (11): 3133–44. doi:10.1093/emboj/16.11.3133. PMC 1169932. PMID 9214631.
  25. ^ Guo D, Li M, Zhang Y, Yang P, Eckenrode S, Hopkins D, Zheng W, Purohit S, Podolsky RH, Muir A, Wang J, Dong Z, Brusko T, Atkinson M, Pozzilli P, Zeidler A, Raffel LJ, Jacob CO, Park Y, Serrano-Rios M, Larrad MT, Zhang Z, Garchon HJ, Bach JF, Rotter JI, She JX, Wang CY (August 2004). "A functional variant of SUMO4, a new I kappa B alpha modifier, is associated with type 1 diabetes". Nat. Genet. 36 (8): 837–41. doi:10.1038/ng1391. PMID 15247916. S2CID 41123857.
  26. ^ Dai RM, Chen E, Longo DL, Gorbea CM, Li CC (February 1998). "Involvement of valosin-containing protein, an ATPase Co-purified with IkappaBalpha and 26 S proteasome, in ubiquitin-proteasome-mediated degradation of IkappaBalpha". J. Biol. Chem. 273 (6): 3562–73. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.6.3562. PMID 9452483.

Further reading edit

  • Roulston A, Lin R, Beauparlant P, Wainberg MA, Hiscott J (1995). "Regulation of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and cytokine gene expression in myeloid cells by NF-kappa B/Rel transcription factors". Microbiol. Rev. 59 (3): 481–505. doi:10.1128/MMBR.59.3.481-505.1995. PMC 239370. PMID 7565415.
  • Hay RT, Vuillard L, Desterro JM, Rodriguez MS (2000). "Control of NF-kappa B transcriptional activation by signal induced proteolysis of I kappa B alpha". Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci. 354 (1389): 1601–9. doi:10.1098/rstb.1999.0504. PMC 1692667. PMID 10582246.
  • Muthumani K, Desai BM, Hwang DS, Choo AY, Laddy DJ, Thieu KP, Rao RG, Weiner DB (2004). "HIV-1 Vpr and anti-inflammatory activity". DNA Cell Biol. 23 (4): 239–47. doi:10.1089/104454904773819824. PMID 15142381.
  • Caraglia M, Marra M, Pelaia G, Maselli R, Caputi M, Marsico SA, Abbruzzese A (2005). "Alpha-interferon and its effects on signal transduction pathways". J. Cell. Physiol. 202 (2): 323–35. doi:10.1002/jcp.20137. PMID 15389589.
  • Le Rouzic E, Benichou S (2006). "The Vpr protein from HIV-1: distinct roles along the viral life cycle". Retrovirology. 2 (1): 11. doi:10.1186/1742-4690-2-11. PMC 554975. PMID 15725353.
  • Zhao RY, Bukrinsky M, Elder RT (2005). "HIV-1 viral protein R (Vpr) & host cellular responses". Indian J. Med. Res. 121 (4): 270–86. PMID 15817944.
  • Sun XF, Zhang H (2007). "NFKB and NFKBI polymorphisms in relation to susceptibility of tumour and other diseases". Histol. Histopathol. 22 (12): 1387–98. PMID 17701919.

External links edit

  • OMIM entries on Ectodermal Dysplasia, Anhidrotic, with T-cell Immunodeficiency
  • NFKBIA+protein,+human at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
  • NF-kappaB+inhibitor+alpha at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
  • Overview of all the structural information available in the PDB for UniProt: P25963 (NF-kappa-B inhibitor alpha) at the PDBe-KB.

January 01, 1970
iκbα, nuclear, factor, kappa, light, polypeptide, gene, enhancer, cells, inhibitor, alpha, nfkbia, member, family, cellular, proteins, that, function, inhibit, transcription, factor, inhibits, masking, nuclear, localization, signals, proteins, keeping, them, s. IkBa nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells inhibitor alpha NFKBIA is one member of a family of cellular proteins that function to inhibit the NF kB transcription factor IkBa inhibits NF kB by masking the nuclear localization signals NLS of NF kB proteins and keeping them sequestered in an inactive state in the cytoplasm 5 In addition IkBa blocks the ability of NF kB transcription factors to bind to DNA which is required for NF kB s proper functioning 6 NFKBIAAvailable structuresPDBOrtholog search PDBe RCSBList of PDB id codes1IKN 1NFIIdentifiersAliasesNFKBIA IKBA MAD 3 NFKBI NFKB inhibitor alpha EDAID2External IDsOMIM 164008 MGI 104741 HomoloGene 7863 GeneCards NFKBIA OMA NFKBIA orthologsGene location Human Chr Chromosome 14 human 1 Band14q13 2Start35 401 513 bp 1 End35 404 749 bp 1 Gene location Mouse Chr Chromosome 12 mouse 2 Band12 12 C1Start55 536 195 bp 2 End55 539 432 bp 2 RNA expression patternBgeeHumanMouse ortholog Top expressed invena cavapericardiumlower lobe of lungoocytenipplesaphenous veinmucosa of urinary bladdermonocyteupper lobe of lungright lungTop expressed incarotid bodyPaneth cellciliary bodyright lung lobeleft lung lobeiriscumulus celllacrimal glandcervixseminal vesiculaMore reference expression dataBioGPSMore reference expression dataGene ontologyMolecular functiontranscription factor binding protein binding nuclear localization sequence binding identical protein binding enzyme binding ubiquitin protein ligase binding heat shock protein binding protein containing complex binding NF kappaB bindingCellular componentcytoplasm I kappaB NF kappaB complex plasma membrane nucleus cytosol intracellular anatomical structure protein containing complex nucleoplasmBiological processresponse to muscle stretch positive regulation of protein metabolic process response to exogenous dsRNA cytoplasmic sequestering of transcription factor negative regulation of DNA binding cellular response to organic cyclic compound cytoplasmic sequestering of NF kappaB response to muramyl dipeptide negative regulation of apoptotic process cellular response to cytokine stimulus positive regulation of transcription DNA templated response to lipopolysaccharide cellular response to cold regulation of cell population proliferation positive regulation of cholesterol efflux nucleotide binding oligomerization domain containing 2 signaling pathway regulation of gene expression negative regulation of lipid storage viral process negative regulation of NF kappaB transcription factor activity negative regulation of myeloid cell differentiation negative regulation of macrophage derived foam cell differentiation nucleotide binding oligomerization domain containing 1 signaling pathway lipopolysaccharide mediated signaling pathway negative regulation of Notch signaling pathway positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II apoptotic process liver regeneration toll like receptor 4 signaling pathway protein deubiquitination I kappaB kinase NF kappaB signaling tumor necrosis factor mediated signaling pathway positive regulation of inflammatory response cellular response to tumor necrosis factor interleukin 1 mediated signaling pathway regulation of NIK NF kappaB signaling protein import into nucleusSources Amigo QuickGOOrthologsSpeciesHumanMouseEntrez479218035EnsemblENSG00000100906ENSMUSG00000021025UniProtP25963Q9Z1E3RefSeq mRNA NM 020529NM 010907RefSeq protein NP 065390NP 035037Location UCSC Chr 14 35 4 35 4 MbChr 12 55 54 55 54 MbPubMed search 3 4 WikidataView Edit HumanView Edit Mouse Contents 1 Disease linkage 2 Interactions 3 References 4 Further reading 5 External linksDisease linkage editThe gene encoding the IkBa protein is mutated in some Hodgkin s lymphoma cells such mutations inactivate the IkBa protein thus causing NF kB to be chronically active in the lymphoma tumor cells and this activity contributes to the malignant state of these tumor cells 7 Interactions editIkBa has been shown to interact with BTRC 8 9 C22orf25 10 CHUK 11 12 13 14 DYNLL1 15 G3BP2 16 Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 17 IKK2 11 12 18 NFKB1 17 19 P53 20 RELA 9 11 17 19 21 22 23 RPS6KA1 24 SUMO4 25 and Valosin containing protein 26 References edit a b c GRCh38 Ensembl release 89 ENSG00000100906 Ensembl May 2017 a b c GRCm38 Ensembl release 89 ENSMUSG00000021025 Ensembl May 2017 Human PubMed Reference National Center for Biotechnology Information U S National Library of Medicine Mouse PubMed Reference National Center for Biotechnology Information U S National Library of Medicine Jacobs MD Harrison SC 1998 Structure of an IkappaBalpha NF kappaB complex Cell 95 6 749 58 doi 10 1016 S0092 8674 00 81698 0 PMID 9865693 S2CID 7003353 Verma IM Stevenson JK Schwarz EM Van Antwerp D Miyamoto S 1995 Rel NF kappa B I kappa B family intimate tales of association and dissociation Genes Dev 9 22 2723 35 doi 10 1101 gad 9 22 2723 PMID 7590248 Cabannes E Khan G Aillet F Jarrett RF Hay RT 1999 Mutations in the IkBa gene in Hodgkin s disease suggest a tumour suppressor role for IkappaBalpha Oncogene 18 20 3063 70 doi 10 1038 sj onc 1202893 PMID 10340377 S2CID 8269256 Suzuki H Chiba T Suzuki T Fujita T Ikenoue T Omata M Furuichi K Shikama H Tanaka K January 2000 Homodimer of two F box proteins betaTrCP1 or betaTrCP2 binds to IkappaBalpha for signal dependent ubiquitination J Biol Chem 275 4 2877 84 doi 10 1074 jbc 275 4 2877 PMID 10644755 a b Spencer E Jiang J Chen ZJ February 1999 Signal induced ubiquitination of IkappaBalpha by the F box protein Slimb beta TrCP Genes Dev 13 3 284 94 doi 10 1101 gad 13 3 284 PMC 316434 PMID 9990853 Molecular Interaction Database Archived from the original on 2006 05 06 Retrieved 2012 05 08 a b c Cohen L Henzel WJ Baeuerle PA September 1998 IKAP is a scaffold protein of the IkappaB kinase complex Nature 395 6699 292 6 Bibcode 1998Natur 395 292C doi 10 1038 26254 PMID 9751059 S2CID 4327300 a b Woronicz JD Gao X Cao Z Rothe M Goeddel DV October 1997 IkappaB kinase beta NF kappaB activation and complex formation with IkappaB kinase alpha and NIK Science 278 5339 866 9 Bibcode 1997Sci 278 866W doi 10 1126 science 278 5339 866 PMID 9346485 DiDonato JA Hayakawa M Rothwarf DM Zandi E Karin M August 1997 A cytokine responsive IkappaB kinase that activates the transcription factor NF kappaB Nature 388 6642 548 54 doi 10 1038 41493 PMID 9252186 S2CID 4354442 Ninomiya Tsuji J Kishimoto K Hiyama A Inoue J Cao Z Matsumoto K March 1999 The kinase TAK1 can activate the NIK I kappaB as well as the MAP kinase cascade in the IL 1 signalling pathway Nature 398 6724 252 6 Bibcode 1999Natur 398 252N doi 10 1038 18465 PMID 10094049 S2CID 4421236 Crepieux P Kwon H Leclerc N Spencer W Richard S Lin R Hiscott J December 1997 I kappaB alpha physically interacts with a cytoskeleton associated protein through its signal response domain Mol Cell Biol 17 12 7375 85 doi 10 1128 MCB 17 12 7375 PMC 232593 PMID 9372968 Prigent M Barlat I Langen H Dargemont C November 2000 IkappaBalpha and IkappaBalpha NF kappa B complexes are retained in the cytoplasm through interaction with a novel partner RasGAP SH3 binding protein 2 J Biol Chem 275 46 36441 9 doi 10 1074 jbc M004751200 PMID 10969074 a b c Hay DC Kemp GD Dargemont C Hay RT May 2001 Interaction between hnRNPA1 and IkappaBalpha is required for maximal activation of NF kappaB dependent transcription Mol Cell Biol 21 10 3482 90 doi 10 1128 MCB 21 10 3482 3490 2001 PMC 100270 PMID 11313474 Mercurio F Murray BW Shevchenko A Bennett BL Young DB Li JW Pascual G Motiwala A Zhu H Mann M Manning AM February 1999 IkappaB kinase IKK associated protein 1 a common component of the heterogeneous IKK complex Mol Cell Biol 19 2 1526 38 doi 10 1128 mcb 19 2 1526 PMC 116081 PMID 9891086 a b Malek S Huxford T Ghosh G September 1998 Ikappa Balpha functions through direct contacts with the nuclear localization signals and the DNA binding sequences of NF kappaB J Biol Chem 273 39 25427 35 doi 10 1074 jbc 273 39 25427 PMID 9738011 Chang NS March 2002 The non ankyrin C terminus of Ikappa Balpha physically interacts with p53 in vivo and dissociates in response to apoptotic stress hypoxia DNA damage and transforming growth factor beta 1 mediated growth suppression J Biol Chem 277 12 10323 31 doi 10 1074 jbc M106607200 PMID 11799106 Fischle W Verdin E Greene WC August 2001 Duration of nuclear NF kappaB action regulated by reversible acetylation Science 293 5535 1653 7 Bibcode 2001Sci 293 1653C doi 10 1126 science 1062374 hdl 11858 00 001M 0000 002C 9FF1 A PMID 11533489 S2CID 45796404 Kiernan R Bres V Ng RW Coudart MP El Messaoudi S Sardet C Jin DY Emiliani S Benkirane M January 2003 Post activation turn off of NF kappa B dependent transcription is regulated by acetylation of p65 J Biol Chem 278 4 2758 66 doi 10 1074 jbc M209572200 PMID 12419806 Hansen SK Baeuerle PA Blasi F April 1994 Purification reconstitution and I kappa B association of the c Rel p65 RelA complex a strong activator of transcription Mol Cell Biol 14 4 2593 603 doi 10 1128 mcb 14 4 2593 PMC 358627 PMID 8139561 Schouten GJ Vertegaal AC Whiteside ST Israel A Toebes M Dorsman JC van der Eb AJ Zantema A June 1997 IkappaB alpha is a target for the mitogen activated 90 kDa ribosomal S6 kinase EMBO J 16 11 3133 44 doi 10 1093 emboj 16 11 3133 PMC 1169932 PMID 9214631 Guo D Li M Zhang Y Yang P Eckenrode S Hopkins D Zheng W Purohit S Podolsky RH Muir A Wang J Dong Z Brusko T Atkinson M Pozzilli P Zeidler A Raffel LJ Jacob CO Park Y Serrano Rios M Larrad MT Zhang Z Garchon HJ Bach JF Rotter JI She JX Wang CY August 2004 A functional variant of SUMO4 a new I kappa B alpha modifier is associated with type 1 diabetes Nat Genet 36 8 837 41 doi 10 1038 ng1391 PMID 15247916 S2CID 41123857 Dai RM Chen E Longo DL Gorbea CM Li CC February 1998 Involvement of valosin containing protein an ATPase Co purified with IkappaBalpha and 26 S proteasome in ubiquitin proteasome mediated degradation of IkappaBalpha J Biol Chem 273 6 3562 73 doi 10 1074 jbc 273 6 3562 PMID 9452483 Further reading editRoulston A Lin R Beauparlant P Wainberg MA Hiscott J 1995 Regulation of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and cytokine gene expression in myeloid cells by NF kappa B Rel transcription factors Microbiol Rev 59 3 481 505 doi 10 1128 MMBR 59 3 481 505 1995 PMC 239370 PMID 7565415 Hay RT Vuillard L Desterro JM Rodriguez MS 2000 Control of NF kappa B transcriptional activation by signal induced proteolysis of I kappa B alpha Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 354 1389 1601 9 doi 10 1098 rstb 1999 0504 PMC 1692667 PMID 10582246 Muthumani K Desai BM Hwang DS Choo AY Laddy DJ Thieu KP Rao RG Weiner DB 2004 HIV 1 Vpr and anti inflammatory activity DNA Cell Biol 23 4 239 47 doi 10 1089 104454904773819824 PMID 15142381 Caraglia M Marra M Pelaia G Maselli R Caputi M Marsico SA Abbruzzese A 2005 Alpha interferon and its effects on signal transduction pathways J Cell Physiol 202 2 323 35 doi 10 1002 jcp 20137 PMID 15389589 Le Rouzic E Benichou S 2006 The Vpr protein from HIV 1 distinct roles along the viral life cycle Retrovirology 2 1 11 doi 10 1186 1742 4690 2 11 PMC 554975 PMID 15725353 Zhao RY Bukrinsky M Elder RT 2005 HIV 1 viral protein R Vpr amp host cellular responses Indian J Med Res 121 4 270 86 PMID 15817944 Sun XF Zhang H 2007 NFKB and NFKBI polymorphisms in relation to susceptibility of tumour and other diseases Histol Histopathol 22 12 1387 98 PMID 17701919 External links editOMIM entries on Ectodermal Dysplasia Anhidrotic with T cell Immunodeficiency NFKBIA protein human at the U S National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings MeSH NF kappaB inhibitor alpha at the U S National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings MeSH Overview of all the structural information available in the PDB for UniProt P25963 NF kappa B inhibitor alpha at the PDBe KB Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title IkBa amp oldid 1203840891, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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