fbpx
Wikipedia

Mycobiota

February 15, 2024

Mycobiota (plural noun, no singular) are a group of all the fungi present in a particular geographic region (e.g. "the mycobiota of Ireland") or habitat type (e.g. "the mycobiota of cocoa").[1][2] An analogous term for Mycobiota is funga.

Human mycobiota edit

Mycobiota exist on the surface and in the gastrointestinal system of humans.[3] There are as many as sixty-six genera and 184 species in the gastrointestinal tract of healthy people. Most of these are in the Candida genera.[3][4][5]

Though found to be present on the skin and in the gi tract in healthy individuals, the normal resident mycobiota can become pathogenic in those who are immunocompromized.[6][7] Such multispecies infections lead to higher mortalities.[8] In addition hospital-acquired infections by C. albicans have become a cause of major health concerns.[9][10] A high mortality rate of 40-60% is associated with systemic infection.[10][11][12][13][14][5] The best-studied of these are Candida species due to their ability to become pathogenic in immunocompromised and even in healthy hosts.[13][14][5] Yeasts are also present on the skin, such as Malassezia species, where they consume oils secreted from the sebaceous glands.[15][16][12] Pityrosporum (Malassezia) ovale, which is lipid-dependent and found only on humans. P. ovale was later divided into two species, P. ovale and P. orbiculare, but current sources consider these terms to refer to a single species of fungus, with M. furfur the preferred name.[17]

Other uses edit

There is a peer reviewed mycological journal titled Mycobiota.

References edit

  1. ^ "LIAS Glossary". from the original on 11 December 2013. Retrieved 14 August 2013.
  2. ^ Copetti MV, Iamanaka BT, Frisvad JC, Pereira JL, Taniwaki MH (Dec 2011). "Mycobiota of cocoa: from farm to chocolate". Food Microbiology. 28 (8): 1499–504. doi:10.1016/j.fm.2011.08.005. PMID 21925035.
  3. ^ a b Mukherjee, Pranab K.; Sendid, Boualem; Hoarau, Gautier; Colombel, Jean-Frédéric; Poulain, Daniel; Ghannoum, Mahmoud A. (February 2015). "Mycobiota in gastrointestinal diseases". Nature Reviews. Gastroenterology & Hepatology. 12 (2): 77–87. doi:10.1038/nrgastro.2014.188. ISSN 1759-5053. PMID 25385227. S2CID 5370536.
  4. ^ Kerawala C, Newlands C, eds. (2010). Oral and maxillofacial surgery. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 446, 447. ISBN 978-0-19-920483-0.
  5. ^ a b c Erdogan A, Rao SS (April 2015). "Small intestinal fungal overgrowth". Curr Gastroenterol Rep. 17 (4): 16. doi:10.1007/s11894-015-0436-2. PMID 25786900. S2CID 3098136. Small intestinal fungal overgrowth (SIFO) is characterized by the presence of excessive number of fungal organisms in the small intestine associated with gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms. Candidiasis is known to cause GI symptoms particularly in immunocompromised patients or those receiving steroids or antibiotics. However, only recently, there is emerging literature that an overgrowth of fungus in the small intestine of non-immunocompromised subjects may cause unexplained GI symptoms. Two recent studies showed that 26 % (24/94) and 25.3 % (38/150) of a series of patients with unexplained GI symptoms had SIFO. The most common symptoms observed in these patients were belching, bloating, indigestion, nausea, diarrhea, and gas. ... Fungal-bacterial interaction may act in different ways and may either be synergistic or antagonistic or symbiotic [29]. Some bacteria such as Lactobacillus species can interact and inhibit both the virulence and growth of Candida species in the gut by producing hydrogen peroxide [30]. Any damage to the mucosal barrier or disruption of GI microbiota with chemotherapy or antibiotic use, inflammatory processes, activation of immune molecules and disruption of epithelial repair may all cause fungal overgrowth [27].
  6. ^ Peters, Brian M.; Jabra-Rizk, Mary Ann; Scheper, Mark A.; Leid, Jeff G.; Costerton, John William; Shirtliff, Mark E. (2010). "Microbial interactions and differential protein expression in Staphylococcus aureus–Candida albicans dual-species biofilms". FEMS Immunology & Medical Microbiology. 59 (3): 493–503. doi:10.1111/j.1574-695X.2010.00710.x. PMC 2936118. PMID 20608978.
  7. ^ Lin, Yi Jey; Alsad, Lina; Vogel, Fabio; Koppar, Shardul; Nevarez, Leslie; Auguste, Fabrice; Seymour, John; Syed, Aisha; Christoph, Kristina; Loomis, Joshua S. (2013). "Interactions between Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus within mixed species biofilms". BIOS. 84: 30–39. doi:10.1893/0005-3155-84.1.30. S2CID 96930404.
  8. ^ Zago, Chaiene Evelin; Silva, Sónia; Sanitá, Paula Volpato; Barbugli, Paula Aboud; Dias, Carla Maria Improta; Lordello, Virgínia Barreto; Vergani, Carlos Eduardo (2015). "Dynamics of Biofilm Formation and the Interaction between Candida albicans and Methicillin-Susceptible (MSSA) and -Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)". PLOS ONE. 10 (4): e0123206. Bibcode:2015PLoSO..1023206Z. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0123206. PMC 4395328. PMID 25875834.
  9. ^ Tortora, Gerald, J. (2010). Mibrobiology:an Introduction. San Francisco, CA: Pearson Benjamin Cummings. p. 758.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  10. ^ a b Calderone A, Clancy CJ, eds. (2012). Candida and Candidiasis (2nd ed.). ASM Press. ISBN 978-1-55581-539-4.
  11. ^ Weinberger, M (2016-04-16). "Characteristics of candidaemia with Candida-albicans compared with non-albicans Candida species and predictors of mortality". J Hosp Infect. 61 (2): 146–54. doi:10.1016/j.jhin.2005.02.009. PMID 16009456.
  12. ^ a b Cui L, Morris A, Ghedin E (July 2013). "The human mycobiome in health and disease". Genome Med. 5 (7): 63. doi:10.1186/gm467. PMC 3978422. PMID 23899327. Figure 2: Distribution of fungal genera in different body sites {{cite journal}}: External link in |quote= (help)
  13. ^ a b Martins N, Ferreira IC, Barros L, Silva S, Henriques M (June 2014). "Candidiasis: predisposing factors, prevention, diagnosis and alternative treatment" (PDF). Mycopathologia. 177 (5–6): 223–240. doi:10.1007/s11046-014-9749-1. hdl:10198/10147. PMID 24789109. S2CID 795450. (PDF) from the original on 2017-08-17. Retrieved 2019-09-19.
  14. ^ a b Wang ZK, Yang YS, Stefka AT, Sun G, Peng LH (April 2014). "Review article: fungal microbiota and digestive diseases". Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. 39 (8): 751–766. doi:10.1111/apt.12665. PMID 24612332.
  15. ^ Marcon MJ, Powell DA (1 April 1992). "Human infections due to Malassezia spp". Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 5 (2): 101–19. doi:10.1128/CMR.5.2.101. PMC 358230. PMID 1576583.
  16. ^ Roth RR, James WD (1988). "Microbial ecology of the skin". Annu. Rev. Microbiol. 42 (1): 441–64. doi:10.1146/annurev.mi.42.100188.002301. PMID 3144238.
  17. ^ Freedberg; et al., eds. (2003). Fitzpatrick's Dermatology in General Medicine (6th ed.). McGraw-Hill. p. 1187. ISBN 0-07-138067-1.

February 15, 2024
mycobiota, plural, noun, singular, group, fungi, present, particular, geographic, region, mycobiota, ireland, habitat, type, mycobiota, cocoa, analogous, term, funga, human, mycobiota, edit, exist, surface, gastrointestinal, system, humans, there, many, sixty,. Mycobiota plural noun no singular are a group of all the fungi present in a particular geographic region e g the mycobiota of Ireland or habitat type e g the mycobiota of cocoa 1 2 An analogous term for Mycobiota is funga Human mycobiota editMycobiota exist on the surface and in the gastrointestinal system of humans 3 There are as many as sixty six genera and 184 species in the gastrointestinal tract of healthy people Most of these are in the Candida genera 3 4 5 Though found to be present on the skin and in the gi tract in healthy individuals the normal resident mycobiota can become pathogenic in those who are immunocompromized 6 7 Such multispecies infections lead to higher mortalities 8 In addition hospital acquired infections by C albicans have become a cause of major health concerns 9 10 A high mortality rate of 40 60 is associated with systemic infection 10 11 12 13 14 5 The best studied of these are Candida species due to their ability to become pathogenic in immunocompromised and even in healthy hosts 13 14 5 Yeasts are also present on the skin such as Malassezia species where they consume oils secreted from the sebaceous glands 15 16 12 Pityrosporum Malassezia ovale which is lipid dependent and found only on humans P ovale was later divided into two species P ovale and P orbiculare but current sources consider these terms to refer to a single species of fungus with M furfur the preferred name 17 Other uses editThere is a peer reviewed mycological journal titled Mycobiota References edit LIAS Glossary Archived from the original on 11 December 2013 Retrieved 14 August 2013 Copetti MV Iamanaka BT Frisvad JC Pereira JL Taniwaki MH Dec 2011 Mycobiota of cocoa from farm to chocolate Food Microbiology 28 8 1499 504 doi 10 1016 j fm 2011 08 005 PMID 21925035 a b Mukherjee Pranab K Sendid Boualem Hoarau Gautier Colombel Jean Frederic Poulain Daniel Ghannoum Mahmoud A February 2015 Mycobiota in gastrointestinal diseases Nature Reviews Gastroenterology amp Hepatology 12 2 77 87 doi 10 1038 nrgastro 2014 188 ISSN 1759 5053 PMID 25385227 S2CID 5370536 Kerawala C Newlands C eds 2010 Oral and maxillofacial surgery Oxford Oxford University Press pp 446 447 ISBN 978 0 19 920483 0 a b c Erdogan A Rao SS April 2015 Small intestinal fungal overgrowth Curr Gastroenterol Rep 17 4 16 doi 10 1007 s11894 015 0436 2 PMID 25786900 S2CID 3098136 Small intestinal fungal overgrowth SIFO is characterized by the presence of excessive number of fungal organisms in the small intestine associated with gastrointestinal GI symptoms Candidiasis is known to cause GI symptoms particularly in immunocompromised patients or those receiving steroids or antibiotics However only recently there is emerging literature that an overgrowth of fungus in the small intestine of non immunocompromised subjects may cause unexplained GI symptoms Two recent studies showed that 26 24 94 and 25 3 38 150 of a series of patients with unexplained GI symptoms had SIFO The most common symptoms observed in these patients were belching bloating indigestion nausea diarrhea and gas Fungal bacterial interaction may act in different ways and may either be synergistic or antagonistic or symbiotic 29 Some bacteria such as Lactobacillus species can interact and inhibit both the virulence and growth of Candida species in the gut by producing hydrogen peroxide 30 Any damage to the mucosal barrier or disruption of GI microbiota with chemotherapy or antibiotic use inflammatory processes activation of immune molecules and disruption of epithelial repair may all cause fungal overgrowth 27 Peters Brian M Jabra Rizk Mary Ann Scheper Mark A Leid Jeff G Costerton John William Shirtliff Mark E 2010 Microbial interactions and differential protein expression in Staphylococcus aureus Candida albicans dual species biofilms FEMS Immunology amp Medical Microbiology 59 3 493 503 doi 10 1111 j 1574 695X 2010 00710 x PMC 2936118 PMID 20608978 Lin Yi Jey Alsad Lina Vogel Fabio Koppar Shardul Nevarez Leslie Auguste Fabrice Seymour John Syed Aisha Christoph Kristina Loomis Joshua S 2013 Interactions between Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus within mixed species biofilms BIOS 84 30 39 doi 10 1893 0005 3155 84 1 30 S2CID 96930404 Zago Chaiene Evelin Silva Sonia Sanita Paula Volpato Barbugli Paula Aboud Dias Carla Maria Improta Lordello Virginia Barreto Vergani Carlos Eduardo 2015 Dynamics of Biofilm Formation and the Interaction between Candida albicans and Methicillin Susceptible MSSA and Resistant Staphylococcus aureus MRSA PLOS ONE 10 4 e0123206 Bibcode 2015PLoSO 1023206Z doi 10 1371 journal pone 0123206 PMC 4395328 PMID 25875834 Tortora Gerald J 2010 Mibrobiology an Introduction San Francisco CA Pearson Benjamin Cummings p 758 a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a CS1 maint multiple names authors list link a b Calderone A Clancy CJ eds 2012 Candida and Candidiasis 2nd ed ASM Press ISBN 978 1 55581 539 4 Weinberger M 2016 04 16 Characteristics of candidaemia with Candida albicans compared with non albicans Candida species and predictors of mortality J Hosp Infect 61 2 146 54 doi 10 1016 j jhin 2005 02 009 PMID 16009456 a b Cui L Morris A Ghedin E July 2013 The human mycobiome in health and disease Genome Med 5 7 63 doi 10 1186 gm467 PMC 3978422 PMID 23899327 Figure 2 Distribution of fungal genera in different body sites a href Template Cite journal html title Template Cite journal cite journal a External link in code class cs1 code quote code help a b Martins N Ferreira IC Barros L Silva S Henriques M June 2014 Candidiasis predisposing factors prevention diagnosis and alternative treatment PDF Mycopathologia 177 5 6 223 240 doi 10 1007 s11046 014 9749 1 hdl 10198 10147 PMID 24789109 S2CID 795450 Archived PDF from the original on 2017 08 17 Retrieved 2019 09 19 a b Wang ZK Yang YS Stefka AT Sun G Peng LH April 2014 Review article fungal microbiota and digestive diseases Aliment Pharmacol Ther 39 8 751 766 doi 10 1111 apt 12665 PMID 24612332 Marcon MJ Powell DA 1 April 1992 Human infections due to Malassezia spp Clin Microbiol Rev 5 2 101 19 doi 10 1128 CMR 5 2 101 PMC 358230 PMID 1576583 Roth RR James WD 1988 Microbial ecology of the skin Annu Rev Microbiol 42 1 441 64 doi 10 1146 annurev mi 42 100188 002301 PMID 3144238 Freedberg et al eds 2003 Fitzpatrick s Dermatology in General Medicine 6th ed McGraw Hill p 1187 ISBN 0 07 138067 1 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Mycobiota amp oldid 1183435175, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

article

, read, download, free, free download, mp3, video, mp4, 3gp, jpg, jpeg, gif, png, picture, music, song, movie, book, game, games.