Muricidae is a large and varied taxonomicfamily of small to large predatorysea snails, marinegastropodmollusks, commonly known asmurex snails or rock snails. With over 1,700 living species, the Muricidae represent almost 10% of the Neogastropoda. Additionally, 1,200 fossil species have been recognized.[1][2] Numerous subfamilies are recognized, although experts disagree about the subfamily divisions and the definitions of the genera. Many muricids have unusual shells which are considered attractive by shell collectors and by interior designers.
Muricid shells are variably shaped, generally with a raised spire and strong sculpture with spiral ridges and often axial varices (typically three or more varices on each whorl), also frequently bearing spines, tubercles, or blade-like processes. Periostracum is absent in this family. The aperture is variable in shape; it may be ovate to more or less contracted, with a well-marked anterior siphonal canal that may be very long. The shell's outer lip is often denticulated inside, sometimes with a tooth-like process on its margin. The columella is smoothish to weakly ridged. The operculum is corneous and of variable thickness, with the nucleus near the anterior end or at about midlength of the outer margin.
Many muricids have episodic growth, which means their shells grow in spurts, remaining the same size for a while (during which time the varix develops) before rapidly growing to the next size stage. The result is the series of above mentioned varices on each whorl.
Most species of muricids are carnivorous, active predators that feed on other gastropods, bivalves, and barnacles. The access to the soft parts of the prey is typically obtained by boring a hole through the shell by means of a softening secretion and the scraping action of the radula. Because of their carnivory, some species may be considered pests because they can cause considerable destruction both in exploited natural beds of bivalves, and in farmed areas of commercial bivalves.
Muricids lay eggs in protective, corneous capsules, the size and shape of which vary by species. From these capsules the crawling juveniles, or more rarely planktonic larvae, hatch.
Historical valueedit
Members of the family were harvested by early Mediterranean peoples, with the Phoenicians possibly the first to do so, to extract an expensive, vivid, stable dye known as Tyrian purple, imperial purple, or royal purple.
Subfamily Drupinae Wenz, 1938: synonym of Rapaninae Gray, 1853
Genus Drupinia [sic]: synonym of Drupina Dall, 1923
Genus Galeropsis Hupé, 1860: synonym of Coralliophila H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853
Tritoninae Gray, 1847: synonym of Ranellidae Gray, 1854 (Invalid: type genus placed on the Official Index by Opinion 886 [junior homonym of Triton Linnaeus, 1758])
^Merle, D., Garrigues, B. & Pointier, J.-P. (2011). Fossil and Recent Muricidae of the World, Part Muricinae. 648 pp., 182 colour plates, ConchBooks, Hackenheim. ISBN978-3-939767-32-9.
^Houart, Roland. (2018). "Historique et classification des espèces actuelles de Muricidae (Neogastropoda, Muricoidea)." Novapex 19:37–66
Houart, R. (1994). Illustrated Catalogue of Recent Species of Muricidae named since 1971. 181 pp. [incl. 28 pls.], Verlag Christa Hemmen, Wiesbaden. ISBN3-925919-19-8.
Poutiers, J. M. (1998). Gastropods in: FAO Species Identification Guide for Fishery Purposes: The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific Volume 1. Seaweeds, corals, bivalves and gastropods. Rome: FAO. page 553.
Rosenberg, Gary (1992) The Encyclopedia of Seashells. New York: Dorset Press.
Vaught, K.C. (1989) A Classification of the Living Mollusca. American Malacologists, Inc., Melbourne, Florida.
George E.Radwin and Anthony D'Attilio: The Murex shells of the World, Stanford University press, 1976, ISBN0-8047-0897-5
Pappalardo P., Rodríguez-Serrano E. & Fernández M. (2014). "Correlated Evolution between Mode of Larval Development and Habitat in Muricid Gastropods". PLoS ONE9(4): e94104. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0094104
Miocene Gastropods and Biostratigraphy of the Kern River Area, California; United States Geological Survey Professional Paper 642 This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
January 01, 1970
muricidae, large, varied, taxonomic, family, small, large, predatory, snails, marine, gastropod, mollusks, commonly, known, murex, snails, rock, snails, with, over, living, species, represent, almost, neogastropoda, additionally, fossil, species, have, been, r. Muricidae is a large and varied taxonomic family of small to large predatory sea snails marine gastropod mollusks commonly known as murex snails or rock snails With over 1 700 living species the Muricidae represent almost 10 of the Neogastropoda Additionally 1 200 fossil species have been recognized 1 2 Numerous subfamilies are recognized although experts disagree about the subfamily divisions and the definitions of the genera Many muricids have unusual shells which are considered attractive by shell collectors and by interior designers MuricidaeTemporal range Aptian recent PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N Shell of Chorus giganteus Scientific classification Domain Eukaryota Kingdom Animalia Phylum Mollusca Class Gastropoda Subclass Caenogastropoda Order Neogastropoda Superfamily Muricoidea Family MuricidaeRafinesque 1815 Subfamilies See text Contents 1 Shell description 2 Life habits 3 Historical value 4 The fossil record 5 Subfamilies 6 References 7 External linksShell description editMuricid shells are variably shaped generally with a raised spire and strong sculpture with spiral ridges and often axial varices typically three or more varices on each whorl also frequently bearing spines tubercles or blade like processes Periostracum is absent in this family The aperture is variable in shape it may be ovate to more or less contracted with a well marked anterior siphonal canal that may be very long The shell s outer lip is often denticulated inside sometimes with a tooth like process on its margin The columella is smoothish to weakly ridged The operculum is corneous and of variable thickness with the nucleus near the anterior end or at about midlength of the outer margin Many muricids have episodic growth which means their shells grow in spurts remaining the same size for a while during which time the varix develops before rapidly growing to the next size stage The result is the series of above mentioned varices on each whorl nbsp A mass of muricid egg capsules in a tidepool in Central CaliforniaLife habits editMost species of muricids are carnivorous active predators that feed on other gastropods bivalves and barnacles The access to the soft parts of the prey is typically obtained by boring a hole through the shell by means of a softening secretion and the scraping action of the radula Because of their carnivory some species may be considered pests because they can cause considerable destruction both in exploited natural beds of bivalves and in farmed areas of commercial bivalves Muricids lay eggs in protective corneous capsules the size and shape of which vary by species From these capsules the crawling juveniles or more rarely planktonic larvae hatch Historical value editMembers of the family were harvested by early Mediterranean peoples with the Phoenicians possibly the first to do so to extract an expensive vivid stable dye known as Tyrian purple imperial purple or royal purple The fossil record editThe family Muricidae first appears in the fossil record during the Aptian age of the Cretaceous period Subfamilies edit nbsp Numerous Hexaplex trunculus for sale in a fishmarket in Spain nbsp Museum specimens of Chicoreus palmarosae Lamarck 1822 Naturalis According to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet amp Rocroi 2005 the family Muricidae consists of these subfamilies Aspellinae Keen 1971 Coralliophilinae Chenu 1859 synonym Magilidae Thiele 1925 Ergalataxinae Kuroda Habe amp Oyama 1971 Haustrinae Tan 2003 Muricinae Rafinesque 1815 Muricopsinae Radwin amp d Attilio 1971 synonym of Aspellinae Keen 1971 junior subjective synonym Ocenebrinae Cossmann 1903 Pagodulinae Barco Schiaparelli Houart amp Oliverio 2012 Rapaninae Gray 1853 synonym Thaididae Jousseaume 1888 Tripterotyphinae d Attilio amp Hertz 1988 synonym of Muricopsinae Radwin amp D Attilio 1971 synonym of Aspellinae Keen 1971 junior subjective synonym Trophoninae Cossmann 1903 synonym of Ocenebrinae Cossmann 1903 junior subjective synonym Typhinae Cossmann 1903 unassigned Muricidae Synonyms Subfamily Drupinae Wenz 1938 synonym of Rapaninae Gray 1853 Genus Drupinia sic synonym of Drupina Dall 1923 Genus Galeropsis Hupe 1860 synonym of Coralliophila H Adams amp A Adams 1853 Tritoninae Gray 1847 synonym of Ranellidae Gray 1854 Invalid type genus placed on the Official Index by Opinion 886 junior homonym of Triton Linnaeus 1758 nbsp Babelomurex nagahorii nbsp Bolinus cornutus nbsp Chicomurex venustulus nbsp Chicoreus aculeatus nbsp Coralliophila fearnleyi nbsp Drupa morum nbsp Drupella cornus nbsp Hadriania trunculata nbsp Haustellum haustellum nbsp Hexaplex radix nbsp Homalocantha zamboi nbsp Indothais malayensis nbsp Lataxiena fimbriata nbsp Latiaxis mawae nbsp Morula biconica nbsp Murex pecten nbsp Nucella lapillus nbsp Ocenebra erinacea nbsp Orania pacifica nbsp Phyllonotus evergladensis nbsp Pteropurpura festiva nbsp Rapa rapa nbsp Rapana bezoar nbsp Rapana venosa nbsp Reishia bronni nbsp Siratus alabaster nbsp Spinucella tetragona nbsp Stramonita haemastoma nbsp Vokesimurex gallinagoReferences edit Merle D Garrigues B amp Pointier J P 2011 Fossil and Recent Muricidae of the World Part Muricinae 648 pp 182 colour plates ConchBooks Hackenheim ISBN 978 3 939767 32 9 Houart Roland 2018 Historique et classification des especes actuelles de Muricidae Neogastropoda Muricoidea Novapex 19 37 66 Houart R 1994 Illustrated Catalogue of Recent Species of Muricidae named since 1971 181 pp incl 28 pls Verlag Christa Hemmen Wiesbaden ISBN 3 925919 19 8 Poutiers J M 1998 Gastropods in FAO Species Identification Guide for Fishery Purposes The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific Volume 1 Seaweeds corals bivalves and gastropods Rome FAO page 553 Rosenberg Gary 1992 The Encyclopedia of Seashells New York Dorset Press Vaught K C 1989 A Classification of the Living Mollusca American Malacologists Inc Melbourne Florida External links edit nbsp Wikispecies has information related to Muricidae nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Muricidae CAAB listing for family Muricidae George E Radwin and Anthony D Attilio The Murex shells of the World Stanford University press 1976 ISBN 0 8047 0897 5 Pappalardo P Rodriguez Serrano E amp Fernandez M 2014 Correlated Evolution between Mode of Larval Development and Habitat in Muricid Gastropods PLoS ONE 9 4 e94104 doi 10 1371 journal pone 0094104 Miocene Gastropods and Biostratigraphy of the Kern River Area California United States Geological Survey Professional Paper 642 nbsp This article incorporates text from this source which is in the public domain Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Muricidae amp oldid 1219501086, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
