Muhammad ibn Azhar ad-Din (Arabic: محمد بن الأزهر اد الدين) (reigned 1488–1518) was a Sultan of the Sultanate of Adal. Sihab ad-Din Ahmad states in his Futuh al-Habasha that he was the son of Azhar, the second son of Abu Bakr, one of the ten sons of Sa'ad ad-Din II, and ruled for 30 years.[1]
Sultan Muhammad attempted to remain at peace with the EmperorNa'od, but his efforts were foiled by the frequent raids of ImamMahfuz. He was present with Imam Mahfuz when Emperor Lebna Dengel attacked and destroyed the Imam's army in Dawaro in 1516. Lebna Dengel would then proceed to lay waste to Muhammad Azhar ad-Din's residence in Dakkar during his invasion of Adal.[2]
Muhammad was murdered upon his return from an expedition against Ethiopia a few years after the Imam's death. J. Spencer Trimingham states that he was succeeded as Sultan of Adal by Garad Abun ibn Adash, who was not a member of the Walashma dynasty; Sihab ad-Din, however, writes that it was his relative in marriage, Muhammad bin Abu Bakr bin Mahfuz, who succeeded him as Sultan.[3]Richard Pankhurst follows Trimingham's general account, noting that Adal "was then torn apart by intestinal struggles, five sultans succeeding one another within two years."[4]
^Sihab ad-Din Ahmad bin 'Abd al-Qader, Futuh al-Habasa: The conquest of Ethiopia, translated by Paul Lester Stenhouse with annotations by Richard Pankhurst (Hollywood: Tsehai, 2003), pp. 7f.
^Ullendorff, Edward. The Ethiopians; an Introduction to Country and People. Oxford University Press. p. 72.
^J. Spencer Trimingham, Islam in Ethiopia (Oxford: Geoffrey Cumberlege for the University Press, 1952), pp. 82-84.
^Richard Pankhurst, The Ethiopian Borderlands (Lawrenceville: Red Sea Press, 1997), p. 125
muhammad, azhar, arabic, محمد, بن, الأزهر, اد, الدين, reigned, 1488, 1518, sultan, sultanate, adal, sihab, ahmad, states, futuh, habasha, that, azhar, second, bakr, sons, ruled, years, محمد, بن, الأزهر, اد, الدينsultan, sultanate, adalreign1488, 1518predecesso. Muhammad ibn Azhar ad Din Arabic محمد بن الأزهر اد الدين reigned 1488 1518 was a Sultan of the Sultanate of Adal Sihab ad Din Ahmad states in his Futuh al Habasha that he was the son of Azhar the second son of Abu Bakr one of the ten sons of Sa ad ad Din II and ruled for 30 years 1 Muhammad ibn Azhar ad Din محمد بن الأزهر اد الدينSultan of the Sultanate of AdalReign1488 1518PredecessorMuhammad ibn BadlaySuccessorAbun AdasheDynastyWalashma dynastyReligionIslamReign EditSultan Muhammad attempted to remain at peace with the Emperor Na od but his efforts were foiled by the frequent raids of Imam Mahfuz He was present with Imam Mahfuz when Emperor Lebna Dengel attacked and destroyed the Imam s army in Dawaro in 1516 Lebna Dengel would then proceed to lay waste to Muhammad Azhar ad Din s residence in Dakkar during his invasion of Adal 2 Muhammad was murdered upon his return from an expedition against Ethiopia a few years after the Imam s death J Spencer Trimingham states that he was succeeded as Sultan of Adal by Garad Abun ibn Adash who was not a member of the Walashma dynasty Sihab ad Din however writes that it was his relative in marriage Muhammad bin Abu Bakr bin Mahfuz who succeeded him as Sultan 3 Richard Pankhurst follows Trimingham s general account noting that Adal was then torn apart by intestinal struggles five sultans succeeding one another within two years 4 See also EditWalashma dynastyNotes Edit Sihab ad Din Ahmad bin Abd al Qader Futuh al Habasa The conquest of Ethiopia translated by Paul Lester Stenhouse with annotations by Richard Pankhurst Hollywood Tsehai 2003 pp 7f Ullendorff Edward The Ethiopians an Introduction to Country and People Oxford University Press p 72 J Spencer Trimingham Islam in Ethiopia Oxford Geoffrey Cumberlege for the University Press 1952 pp 82 84 Richard Pankhurst The Ethiopian Borderlands Lawrenceville Red Sea Press 1997 p 125 Preceded byShams ad Din ibn Muhammad Walashma dynasty Succeeded byAbu Bakr ibn Muhammad Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Muhammad ibn Azhar ad Din amp oldid 1179092646, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
