Mount Makiling (also known as Mount Maquiling), is an inactive stratovolcano located in the provinces of Laguna and Batangas on the island of Luzon, Philippines. The mountain rises to an elevation of 1,090 m (3,580 ft) above mean sea level and is the highest feature of the Laguna Volcanic Field. The volcano has no recorded historic eruption but volcanism is still evident through geothermal features like mud spring and hot springs. South of the mountain is the Makiling-Banahaw Geothermal Plant. The Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS) classifies the volcano as "Inactive".[2]
Mount Makiling is a state-owned forest reserve administered by the University of the Philippines Los Baños. Prior to its transfer to the university, the mountain was the first national park of the Philippines. Mount Makiling National Park was established on February 23, 1933, by Proclamation No. 552. However, it was decommissioned as a national park on June 20, 1963, by Republic Act no. 3523 when it was transferred to the university for use in forestry education and information.[3]
A Mount Makiling as seen from SM City Calamba
The mountain is sacred to many pilgrims and is widely believed to be the home of an anito named Maria Makiling. It is one of the most known bundok dambanas in Calabarzon. It was declared as an ASEAN Heritage Park in 2013, with the title of "Mount Makiling Forest Reserve".[4]
Maria Makiling was the protector and guardian of Mount Makiling located in Los Baños, Laguna. Thus, modern sightings of her were even reported. Maria Makiling is a common subject among Filipino artists, ranging from painters and sculptors to graphic novelists. Prior to the conversion of the natives to Christianity, Maria Makiling was already known as Makiling, an anito sent by Bathala in Mount Makiling to aid mankind in their daily tasks. The 'Maria' was added by the Spanish in a bid to 'rebrand' her as Catholic and to further subjugate the natives into Spanish imperialism.[5]
The contour of the mountain is said to be that of her in a reclining position. In some accounts, Maria Makiling, while serving as an anito of Bathala in Mount Makiling, was heartbroken by a mortal man, and thus chose to remain hidden from mortal view thereafter.[1]
Proclamation No. 106 (1910) – Makiling Forest Reserve was established with specific boundaries and placed under the Bureau of Forestry by Governor General W. Cameron Forbes to regulate the use of public forest and forest reserves in the Philippines; Makiling Forest Reserve was set aside for the purpose of establishing a forest school and for silvicultural studies.
Proclamation No. 60 (1920) – The reserved was renamed Makiling National Botanic Gardens and placed under the Bureau of Forestry by Proclamation NO. 60 issued by Governor General Francis B. Harrison primary for scientific studies on plants and animals.
Proclamation No. 552 (1933) – The reserved was renamed the Makiling National Park under the Bureau of Forestry issued by Governor-GeneralTheodore Roosevelt Jr. to serve as game refuge and for other purposes for the benefit and enjoyment of the people.
Proclamation No. 214 (1937) – Calamba Estate block was added to the Park for forest purposes issued by President Manuel L. Quezon.
Republic Act (RA) 826 (1952) – Transfer of the administration of the Makiling National Park from the Bureau of Forestry to the Commission of Parks and Wildlife in order to promote effectual planning, development, maintenance and conservation of all national parks, monuments and wildlife in the country.
Proclamation No. 692 (1960) – Administration of the Makiling National Park was transferred from the Commission of Parks and Wildlife to the University of the Philippines (UP) issued by President Carlos P. Garcia for forestry education and research purposes of the College of Forestry, subject to the condition that said land will be conserved and preserved as a national park.
Republic Act (RA) 3523 (1963) – The Makiling National park was disestablished and then ceded, transferred and conveyed to UP issued by Pres. Diosdado Macapagal to serve as the land resource for carrying out a program of public education and information in forestry, with end goal of promoting general public appreciation of forest values.
Executive Order (EO) 224 (1987) – Complete jurisdiction, control and regulation of watershed areas including the Makiling Forest Reserve was given to the National Power Corporation (NPC) issued by President Corazon C. Aquino in support of the country's major program of energy development.
Republic Act (RA) 6967 (1990) – Administration of the Makiling Forest Reserve was finally transferred to UPLB by President Corazon C. Aquino primarily as a training laboratory for the advancement of scientific and technical knowledge on the preservation, conservation and development of forest, flora and fauna and natural resources.
Executive Order 121 (1994) – created a Presidential Commission on Laguna Lake and Mt. Makiling Development to address urgent problems affecting the resources and to formulate a master plan for the development of the lake and the reserve which are seen as integrated ecosystems.
Places of interest
Mount Makiling's north face as seen heading south on South Luzon Expressway's Exit 50 – Calamba Interchange
The CCF Mt. Makiling Recreation Center (known as MMRC) is a Christian recreation camp and retreat center owned by CCF and operated by RHI, located at Santo Tomas, Batangas on the slopes of Mt. Makiling. It is the prayer mountain and retreat center of Christ's Commission Fellowship.
Mt. Makiling is a popular hiking destination. The two major trails begin at the UPLB College of Forestry and Brgy. San Miguel, Santo Tomas, Batangas. The UPLB trail is more commonly used, taking 4–5 hours to reach the summit (Peak 2). This trail was closed in October 2007 due to trail damage wrought by Typhoon Xangsane in September 2006. The trail was closed again in December 2012 after two students were found drowned in a restricted area on the mountain.[8] The trail was re-opened most recently in March 2013.[9] The second trail, known as Maktrav, starts in Santo Tomas. This route is more difficult and requires 6–7 hours to reach the summit. Both trails are generally established and safe, although throughout the years there have been occasional reports of fatal accidents and injuries, especially on the Santo Tomas side. Climbers also frequently encounter leeches along the way.[1]
Flood, T. P.; Patino, L. C.; Vogel, T. A.; Arcilla, C.; Stimac, J. A.; Maximo, R. R.; Arpa, M. B. (December 2002). The origin of the silicic domes in the Macolod Corridor, Philippines. Fall Meeting 2002. American Geophysical Union. Bibcode:2002AGUFM.V12A1412F.
"Geology of the Region: Region IV-A". Dovetail Ventures Asia Incorporated. 2011. Retrieved February 1, 2012.
References
^ abcPinoyMountaineer: Mount Makiling, September 1, 2007, retrieved October 26, 2007
^. Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology. July 30, 2008. Archived from the original on February 13, 2012. Retrieved March 19, 2019.
^. Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines. Archived from the original on March 19, 2019. Retrieved March 19, 2019.
^Yap, DJ (October 4, 2013). . Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on March 19, 2019. Retrieved March 19, 2019.
^"The Legend of Maria Makiling retold by Gat Jose Rizal". Retrieved April 3, 2010.
^. Makiling Center for Mountain Ecosystems (MCME). Archived from the original on June 18, 2013. Retrieved March 19, 2019.
^Masó, Miguel Saderra (January 1, 1904). Volcanoes and seismic centers of the Philippine Archipelago. Dept. of Commerce and Labor, Bureau of the Census. p. 65. natugnos.
^Makiling trail closed in wake of UPLB deaths, December 9, 2012, retrieved April 5, 2013
^Mount Makiling trail reopens for Lenten hikers, March 25, 2013, retrieved April 5, 2013
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Mount Makiling.
Official website of Makiling Center for Mountain Ecosystems
– Makiling Challenge, the longest running competitive foot race in the province of Laguna, organized by the Makiling Campus Runners.
University of the Philippines Los Baños
University of the Philippines System
March 08, 2023
mount, makiling, also, known, mount, maquiling, inactive, stratovolcano, located, provinces, laguna, batangas, island, luzon, philippines, mountain, rises, elevation, above, mean, level, highest, feature, laguna, volcanic, field, volcano, recorded, historic, e. Mount Makiling also known as Mount Maquiling is an inactive stratovolcano located in the provinces of Laguna and Batangas on the island of Luzon Philippines The mountain rises to an elevation of 1 090 m 3 580 ft above mean sea level and is the highest feature of the Laguna Volcanic Field The volcano has no recorded historic eruption but volcanism is still evident through geothermal features like mud spring and hot springs South of the mountain is the Makiling Banahaw Geothermal Plant The Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology PHIVOLCS classifies the volcano as Inactive 2 Mount MakilingMaquilingMount Makiling summit close up view from Santo Tomas BatangasHighest pointElevation1 090 m 3 580 ft 1 Prominence968 m 3 176 ft ListingList of inactive volcanoes in the PhilippinesCoordinates14 08 N 121 12 E 14 13 N 121 20 E 14 13 121 20 Coordinates 14 08 N 121 12 E 14 13 N 121 20 E 14 13 121 20GeographyMount MakilingShow map of LuzonMount MakilingShow map of PhilippinesCountryPhilippinesRegionCalabarzonProvinceBatangasLagunaCity municipalityBayCalambaLos BanosSanto TomasGeologyMountain typeStratovolcanoVolcanic fieldLaguna Volcanic FieldLast eruptionHoloceneClimbingEasiest routefrom U P Los Banos Mt Makiling satellite view Mount Makiling is a state owned forest reserve administered by the University of the Philippines Los Banos Prior to its transfer to the university the mountain was the first national park of the Philippines Mount Makiling National Park was established on February 23 1933 by Proclamation No 552 However it was decommissioned as a national park on June 20 1963 by Republic Act no 3523 when it was transferred to the university for use in forestry education and information 3 A Mount Makiling as seen from SM City Calamba The mountain is sacred to many pilgrims and is widely believed to be the home of an anito named Maria Makiling It is one of the most known bundok dambanas in Calabarzon It was declared as an ASEAN Heritage Park in 2013 with the title of Mount Makiling Forest Reserve 4 Contents 1 Legend 2 History 3 Places of interest 4 Geographical features 4 1 Rivers and creeks 4 2 Maars 4 3 Cones 5 Hiking activity 6 See also 7 Bibliography 8 References 9 External linksLegend EditMaria Makiling was the protector and guardian of Mount Makiling located in Los Banos Laguna Thus modern sightings of her were even reported Maria Makiling is a common subject among Filipino artists ranging from painters and sculptors to graphic novelists Prior to the conversion of the natives to Christianity Maria Makiling was already known as Makiling an anito sent by Bathala in Mount Makiling to aid mankind in their daily tasks The Maria was added by the Spanish in a bid to rebrand her as Catholic and to further subjugate the natives into Spanish imperialism 5 The contour of the mountain is said to be that of her in a reclining position In some accounts Maria Makiling while serving as an anito of Bathala in Mount Makiling was heartbroken by a mortal man and thus chose to remain hidden from mortal view thereafter 1 History Edit Mount Makiling viewed from SSW clarification needed in Malvar Batangas The following are the proclamations Republic Acts and Executive Orders relevant to the Makiling Forest Reserve MFR 6 Proclamation No 106 1910 Makiling Forest Reserve was established with specific boundaries and placed under the Bureau of Forestry by Governor General W Cameron Forbes to regulate the use of public forest and forest reserves in the Philippines Makiling Forest Reserve was set aside for the purpose of establishing a forest school and for silvicultural studies Proclamation No 60 1920 The reserved was renamed Makiling National Botanic Gardens and placed under the Bureau of Forestry by Proclamation NO 60 issued by Governor General Francis B Harrison primary for scientific studies on plants and animals Proclamation No 552 1933 The reserved was renamed the Makiling National Park under the Bureau of Forestry issued by Governor General Theodore Roosevelt Jr to serve as game refuge and for other purposes for the benefit and enjoyment of the people Proclamation No 214 1937 Calamba Estate block was added to the Park for forest purposes issued by President Manuel L Quezon Republic Act RA 826 1952 Transfer of the administration of the Makiling National Park from the Bureau of Forestry to the Commission of Parks and Wildlife in order to promote effectual planning development maintenance and conservation of all national parks monuments and wildlife in the country Proclamation No 692 1960 Administration of the Makiling National Park was transferred from the Commission of Parks and Wildlife to the University of the Philippines UP issued by President Carlos P Garcia for forestry education and research purposes of the College of Forestry subject to the condition that said land will be conserved and preserved as a national park Republic Act RA 3523 1963 The Makiling National park was disestablished and then ceded transferred and conveyed to UP issued by Pres Diosdado Macapagal to serve as the land resource for carrying out a program of public education and information in forestry with end goal of promoting general public appreciation of forest values Executive Order EO 224 1987 Complete jurisdiction control and regulation of watershed areas including the Makiling Forest Reserve was given to the National Power Corporation NPC issued by President Corazon C Aquino in support of the country s major program of energy development Republic Act RA 6967 1990 Administration of the Makiling Forest Reserve was finally transferred to UPLB by President Corazon C Aquino primarily as a training laboratory for the advancement of scientific and technical knowledge on the preservation conservation and development of forest flora and fauna and natural resources Executive Order 121 1994 created a Presidential Commission on Laguna Lake and Mt Makiling Development to address urgent problems affecting the resources and to formulate a master plan for the development of the lake and the reserve which are seen as integrated ecosystems Places of interest Edit Mount Makiling s north face as seen heading south on South Luzon Expressway s Exit 50 Calamba Interchange Makiling National Scout Reservation a campsite at the foot of Mount Makiling adjacent to U P Los Banos which is being managed by the Boy Scouts of the Philippines this is the site of the 10th World Scout Jamboree in 1959 and 26th Asia Pacific Regional Jamboree in 2009 and 2010 Mud Springs a place which was known as Natugnos 7 is widely accepted albeit erroneously as the volcanic crater of Mount Makiling National Arts Center a patch of land at the foot of Mount Makiling adjacent to U P Los Banos which is being managed by the Cultural Center of the Philippines and the site of the Philippine High School for the Arts a special school for young artist scholars Pook ni Maria Makiling now closed was an eco tourism site adjacent to the Jamboree Site National Arts Center and U P Los Banos University of the Philippines Los Banos The CCF Mt Makiling Recreation Center known as MMRC is a Christian recreation camp and retreat center owned by CCF and operated by RHI located at Santo Tomas Batangas on the slopes of Mt Makiling It is the prayer mountain and retreat center of Christ s Commission Fellowship Geographical features EditRivers and creeks Edit Munting River Santo Tomas Siam Siam Creek Calamba Sipit Creek Calamba Pansipit Creek Calamba Pansol Creek Calamba Dampalit River Los Banos Saran Creek Los Banos Pili Creek Los Banos Molawin Creek Los Banos Maitim River Bay Calo River Bay Maars Edit Alligator Lake Los Banos 14 10 57 N 121 12 23 E 14 18250 N 121 20639 E 14 18250 121 20639 Alligator Lake Cones Edit Named as hillsLa Mesa Hill Calamba 14 8 56 7 N 121 9 50 5 E 14 149083 N 121 164028 E 14 149083 121 164028 Mayondon Hill Los Banos 14 11 44 9 N 121 14 16 9 E 14 195806 N 121 238028 E 14 195806 121 238028 Sison Hill Los BanosNamed as mountainsMount Bijiang Calamba 14 9 41 5 N 121 9 58 4 E 14 161528 N 121 166222 E 14 161528 121 166222 Mt Bijiang Mount Camotes Calamba 14 9 43 6 N 121 9 8 2 E 14 162111 N 121 152278 E 14 162111 121 152278 Mount Masaia Calamba 14 9 12 0 N 121 9 21 4 E 14 153333 N 121 155944 E 14 153333 121 155944 Mount Cabulugan Bay 16 7 6 2 N 121 12 50 E 16 118389 N 121 21389 E 16 118389 121 21389 Mount Buboy Calauan 14 05 47 0 N 121 14 36 9 E 14 096389 N 121 243583 E 14 096389 121 243583 Mt Buboy Mount Bulalo Calauan 14 6 4 5 N 121 13 34 5 E 14 101250 N 121 226250 E 14 101250 121 226250 Mount Tamlong Calauan 14 4 55 7 N 121 14 26 7 E 14 082139 N 121 240750 E 14 082139 121 240750 Mount Olila Alaminos 14 04 40 2 N 121 12 52 1 E 14 077833 N 121 214472 E 14 077833 121 214472Hiking activity Edit Makiling left center as viewed from Tagaytay Mt Makiling is a popular hiking destination The two major trails begin at the UPLB College of Forestry and Brgy San Miguel Santo Tomas Batangas The UPLB trail is more commonly used taking 4 5 hours to reach the summit Peak 2 This trail was closed in October 2007 due to trail damage wrought by Typhoon Xangsane in September 2006 The trail was closed again in December 2012 after two students were found drowned in a restricted area on the mountain 8 The trail was re opened most recently in March 2013 9 The second trail known as Maktrav starts in Santo Tomas This route is more difficult and requires 6 7 hours to reach the summit Both trails are generally established and safe although throughout the years there have been occasional reports of fatal accidents and injuries especially on the Santo Tomas side Climbers also frequently encounter leeches along the way 1 See also EditLaguna de Bay Laguna Volcanic Field Mount Banahaw Mounts Banahaw San Cristobal Protected Landscape Malepunyo Mountain RangeBibliography Edit San Pablo Volcanic Field Global Volcanism Program Smithsonian Institution includes Makiling Flood T P Patino L C Vogel T A Arcilla C Stimac J A Maximo R R Arpa M B December 2002 The origin of the silicic domes in the Macolod Corridor Philippines Fall Meeting 2002 American Geophysical Union Bibcode 2002AGUFM V12A1412F Geology of the Region Region IV A Dovetail Ventures Asia Incorporated 2011 Retrieved February 1 2012 References Edit a b c PinoyMountaineer Mount Makiling September 1 2007 retrieved October 26 2007 Potentially Active Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology July 30 2008 Archived from the original on February 13 2012 Retrieved March 19 2019 Republic Act No 6967 Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines Archived from the original on March 19 2019 Retrieved March 19 2019 Yap DJ October 4 2013 Makiling now a heritage park Philippine Daily Inquirer Archived from the original on March 19 2019 Retrieved March 19 2019 The Legend of Maria Makiling retold by Gat Jose Rizal Retrieved April 3 2010 Laws Governing the Makiling Forest Reserve Makiling Center for Mountain Ecosystems MCME Archived from the original on June 18 2013 Retrieved March 19 2019 Maso Miguel Saderra January 1 1904 Volcanoes and seismic centers of the Philippine Archipelago Dept of Commerce and Labor Bureau of the Census p 65 natugnos Makiling trail closed in wake of UPLB deaths December 9 2012 retrieved April 5 2013 Mount Makiling trail reopens for Lenten hikers March 25 2013 retrieved April 5 2013External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Mount Makiling Official website of Makiling Center for Mountain Ecosystems Mobile website of Makiling Center for Mountain Ecosystems https web archive org web 20161022082815 http www macrunners org Makiling Challenge the longest running competitive foot race in the province of Laguna organized by the Makiling Campus Runners University of the Philippines Los Banos University of the Philippines System Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Mount Makiling amp oldid 1139376912, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
