Montserrat (Catalan pronunciation:[munsəˈrat]) is a multi-peaked mountain range near Barcelona, in Catalonia, Spain. It is part of the Catalan Pre-Coastal Range. The main peaks are Sant Jeroni (1,236 m), Montgrós (1,120 m) and Les Agulles (903 m).[1]
It is well known as the site of the Benedictineabbey, Santa Maria de Montserrat, which hosts the Virgin of Montserrat sanctuary. The stone from the mountain is also used for the construction of Sagrada Familia, though recently, the stone began to become more fragile the deeper they quarried, so an alternative source had to be found to complete the construction. In 2018, the stone type needed for the construction was found in a quarry in Brinscall, near Chorley, England.
"Montserrat" literally means "serrated (like the common handsaw) mountain" in Catalan. It describes its peculiar aspect with a multitude of rock formations that are visible from a great distance. The mountain is composed of strikingly pink conglomerate, a form of sedimentary rock. Montserrat was designated as a National Park in 1987. The Monastery of Montserrat which houses the virgin that gives its name to the monastery is also on the mountain, although it is also known as La Moreneta ("the little tan/dark one" in Catalan).[2]
The highest summit of Montserrat is called Sant Jeroni (Saint Jerome) and stands at 1,236 meters (4,055 feet) above sea-level. It is accessible by hiking trails which connect from the top entrance to the Sant Joan funicular, the monastery, or the base of the mountain. Montserrat is part of the GR footpath 172. The Cavall Bernat 1,111 meters (3,645 feet) is an important rock feature popular with climbers.
Panorama of the view from the Sant Jeroni summit of Montserrat
Mountain seen from Puig Lluent with a sea of clouds.
Geologyedit
Large-scale layering in the conglomerate sequenceConglomerate with a rare sandstone layer on the path to Sant Jeroni on the flank of La Gorra Frigia. The conglomerate is polymict, clast-supported and poorly sorted with clasts ranging from pebble to boulder size
Montserrat is formed of conglomerate that was originally deposited in a fan delta at the margin of the Ebro Basin, part of the foreland basin to the Pyrenees, during the middle Eocene. The conglomerate was derived from the uplifting Catalan Coastal Ranges to the southeast of the basin and the clast type is dominated by Triassicsedimentary rocks. The fan had an original size of between 100 and 150 square kilometres.[4] The resistance of the Montserrat conglomerate to erosion compared to the rest of the fill of the Ebro Basin explains its current mountainous nature.[5]
The dominant clast lithology in the conglomerate is limestone and the sequence is cemented by calcite. The presence of so much carbonate in the rock has led to the formation of typical karst landforms, such as cave systems and karst towers.[5]
Namesakesedit
In 1493, Christopher Columbus named the Caribbean island of MontserratSanta Maria de Montserrate, after the Virgin of Montserrat.[6] Again, in 1606, the Spanish expedition of Luis Vaéz de Torres charted Mount Ernest island in the Torres Strait as Santa Maria de Montserrate, due to its relatively high peak.[7]: 83 Also Monserrate is a 3,152 m high mountain that dominates Bogotá's downtown which has a church built in 1650 over the ancient Muisca sacred mountain and that includes a funicular and an aerial lift similar to the ones at Montserrat.
Referencesedit
^Mapa Topogràfic de Catalunya - Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya
^"Las mejores rutas del norte español: Asturias y Cataluña". Vipealo. 15 December 2020. Retrieved 15 December 2020.
^Vehslage, Dany; Vehslage, Thorsten (2022). 25 Klettersteige in Europa mit besonderem Charakter (in German) (3rd ed.). pp. 106–109. ISBN978-3-7562-0415-1.
^López-Blanco M.; Marzo M.; Burbank D.W.; Vergés J.; Roca E.; Anadón P.; Piña J. (2000). "Tectonic and climatic controls on the development of foreland fan deltas: Montserrat and Sant Llorenç del Munt systems (Middle Eocene, Ebro Basin, NE Spain)" (PDF). Sedimentary Geology. 138 (1–4): 17–39. Bibcode:2000SedG..138...17L. doi:10.1016/S0037-0738(00)00142-1.
^ abGuerrero J.; Gutiérrez F.; Gutiérrez M. (2014). Gutiérrez F.; Gutiérrez M. (eds.). Conglomerate Monoliths and Karst in the Ebro Cenozoic Basin, NE Spain. Springer. ISBN978-94-017-8627-0. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)
^The Complete Guide to National Symbols and Emblems: Volume 2, page 724
^Hilder, Brett (1980). The voyage of Torres : the discovery of the southern coastline of New Guinea and Torres Strait by Captain Luis Baéz de Torres in 1606. Hong Kong: University of Queensland Press.
External linksedit
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Montserrat.
Montserrat (Spain) travel guide from Wikivoyage
LARSA Montserrat Montserrat General Information
Gallery of oblique aerial photos of Montserrat, by Doc Searls
Getting to Montserrat from Barcelona city
April 06, 2024
montserrat, mountain, this, article, about, mountain, other, uses, montserrat, disambiguation, montserrat, catalan, pronunciation, munsəˈrat, multi, peaked, mountain, range, near, barcelona, catalonia, spain, part, catalan, coastal, range, main, peaks, sant, j. This article is about the mountain For other uses see Montserrat disambiguation Montserrat Catalan pronunciation munseˈrat is a multi peaked mountain range near Barcelona in Catalonia Spain It is part of the Catalan Pre Coastal Range The main peaks are Sant Jeroni 1 236 m Montgros 1 120 m and Les Agulles 903 m 1 MontserratMontserrat seen from ManresaHighest pointElevation1 236 m 4 055 ft Coordinates41 35 30 N 1 50 16 E 41 59167 N 1 83778 E 41 59167 1 83778GeographyMontserratBages Anoia Baix Llobregat Catalonia SpainParent rangeCatalan Pre Coastal RangeGeologyMountain typeConglomerateClimbingEasiest routeVia road BP 1121 from Monistrol de MontserratIt is well known as the site of the Benedictine abbey Santa Maria de Montserrat which hosts the Virgin of Montserrat sanctuary The stone from the mountain is also used for the construction of Sagrada Familia though recently the stone began to become more fragile the deeper they quarried so an alternative source had to be found to complete the construction In 2018 the stone type needed for the construction was found in a quarry in Brinscall near Chorley England Montserrat literally means serrated like the common handsaw mountain in Catalan It describes its peculiar aspect with a multitude of rock formations that are visible from a great distance The mountain is composed of strikingly pink conglomerate a form of sedimentary rock Montserrat was designated as a National Park in 1987 The Monastery of Montserrat which houses the virgin that gives its name to the monastery is also on the mountain although it is also known as La Moreneta the little tan dark one in Catalan 2 Contents 1 Access 2 Hiking and climbing 3 Geology 4 Namesakes 5 References 6 External linksAccess editThe Benedictine Abbey can be reached by road by the Aeri de Montserrat cable car or by the Montserrat Rack Railway The lower stations of both the rack railway and the cable car can be reached by Ferrocarrils de la Generalitat de Catalunya train from Barcelona s Placa d Espanya station From the abbey the Funicular de Sant Joan funicular railway goes up to the top of the mountain where there are various abandoned hovels in the cliff faces that were previously the abodes of reclusive monks while the Funicular de la Santa Cova descends to a shrine Hiking and climbing editThe highest summit of Montserrat is called Sant Jeroni Saint Jerome and stands at 1 236 meters 4 055 feet above sea level It is accessible by hiking trails which connect from the top entrance to the Sant Joan funicular the monastery or the base of the mountain Montserrat is part of the GR footpath 172 The Cavall Bernat 1 111 meters 3 645 feet is an important rock feature popular with climbers The well known via ferrata Canal de las Damas difficulty level D leads from Collbato through a canal 3 nbsp Panorama of the view from the Sant Jeroni summit of Montserrat nbsp Mountain seen from Puig Lluent with a sea of clouds Geology edit nbsp Large scale layering in the conglomerate sequence nbsp Conglomerate with a rare sandstone layer on the path to Sant Jeroni on the flank of La Gorra Frigia The conglomerate is polymict clast supported and poorly sorted with clasts ranging from pebble to boulder sizeMontserrat is formed of conglomerate that was originally deposited in a fan delta at the margin of the Ebro Basin part of the foreland basin to the Pyrenees during the middle Eocene The conglomerate was derived from the uplifting Catalan Coastal Ranges to the southeast of the basin and the clast type is dominated by Triassic sedimentary rocks The fan had an original size of between 100 and 150 square kilometres 4 The resistance of the Montserrat conglomerate to erosion compared to the rest of the fill of the Ebro Basin explains its current mountainous nature 5 The dominant clast lithology in the conglomerate is limestone and the sequence is cemented by calcite The presence of so much carbonate in the rock has led to the formation of typical karst landforms such as cave systems and karst towers 5 Namesakes editIn 1493 Christopher Columbus named the Caribbean island of Montserrat Santa Maria de Montserrate after the Virgin of Montserrat 6 Again in 1606 the Spanish expedition of Luis Vaez de Torres charted Mount Ernest island in the Torres Strait as Santa Maria de Montserrate due to its relatively high peak 7 83 Also Monserrate is a 3 152 m high mountain that dominates Bogota s downtown which has a church built in 1650 over the ancient Muisca sacred mountain and that includes a funicular and an aerial lift similar to the ones at Montserrat References edit Mapa Topografic de Catalunya Institut Cartografic de Catalunya Las mejores rutas del norte espanol Asturias y Cataluna Vipealo 15 December 2020 Retrieved 15 December 2020 Vehslage Dany Vehslage Thorsten 2022 25 Klettersteige in Europa mit besonderem Charakter in German 3rd ed pp 106 109 ISBN 978 3 7562 0415 1 Lopez Blanco M Marzo M Burbank D W Verges J Roca E Anadon P Pina J 2000 Tectonic and climatic controls on the development of foreland fan deltas Montserrat and Sant Llorenc del Munt systems Middle Eocene Ebro Basin NE Spain PDF Sedimentary Geology 138 1 4 17 39 Bibcode 2000SedG 138 17L doi 10 1016 S0037 0738 00 00142 1 a b Guerrero J Gutierrez F Gutierrez M 2014 Gutierrez F Gutierrez M eds Conglomerate Monoliths and Karst in the Ebro Cenozoic Basin NE Spain Springer ISBN 978 94 017 8627 0 a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a work ignored help The Complete Guide to National Symbols and Emblems Volume 2 page 724 Hilder Brett 1980 The voyage of Torres the discovery of the southern coastline of New Guinea and Torres Strait by Captain Luis Baez de Torres in 1606 Hong Kong University of Queensland Press External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Montserrat nbsp Montserrat Spain travel guide from Wikivoyage LARSA Montserrat Montserrat General Information Gallery of oblique aerial photos of Montserrat by Doc Searls Getting to Montserrat from Barcelona city Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Montserrat mountain amp oldid 1210604896, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
