"Mississippian period" and "Early Carboniferous" redirect here. For the North American civilization, see Mississippian culture.
The Mississippian (/ˌmɪsɪˈsɪpi.ən/miss-ə-SIP-ee-ən,[5] also known as Lower Carboniferous or Early Carboniferous) is a subperiod in the geologic timescale or a subsystem of the geologic record. It is the earlier of two subperiods of the Carboniferousperiod lasting from roughly 358.9 to 323.2 million years ago. As with most other geochronologic units, the rock beds that define the Mississippian are well identified, but the exact start and end dates are uncertain by a few million years. The Mississippian is so named because rocks with this age are exposed in the Mississippi Valley.
The Mississippian was a period of marine transgression in the Northern Hemisphere: the sea level was so high that only the Fennoscandian Shield and the Laurentian Shield were dry land. The cratons were surrounded by extensive delta systems and lagoons, and carbonate sedimentation on the surrounding continental platforms, covered by shallow seas.[6]
In North America, where the interval consists primarily of marine limestones, it is treated as a geologic period between the Devonian and the Pennsylvanian. During the Mississippian an important phase of orogeny occurred in the Appalachian Mountains. The USGS geologic time scale shows its relation to other periods.[7]
In Europe, the Mississippian and Pennsylvanian are grouped together as the Carboniferoussystem, and traditionally referred to as the Upper Carboniferous and Lower Carboniferous instead.
Subdivisions
In the official geologic timescale, the Mississippian is subdivided into three stages:
The lower two come from European stratigraphy, the top from Russian stratigraphy. Besides Europe and Russia, there are many local subdivisions that are used as alternatives for the international timescale. In the North American system, the Mississippian is subdivided into four stages:
Chesterian (top of the Visean plus the Serpukhovian)
Osagean (top of the Tournaisian and bottom of the Visean)
Kinderhookian (the lower two-thirds of the Tournaisian)
References
^"Chart/Time Scale". www.stratigraphy.org. International Commission on Stratigraphy.
^Kaiser, Sandra (1 April 2009). "The Devonian/Carboniferous boundary stratotype section (La Serre, France) revisited". Newsletters on Stratigraphy. 43: 195–205. doi:10.1127/0078-0421/2009/0043-0195. Retrieved 7 December 2020.
^Paproth, Eva; Feist, Raimund; Flajs, Gerd (December 1991). "Decision on the Devonian-Carboniferous boundary stratotype" (PDF). Episodes. 14: 331–336.
^Lane, H.; Brenckle, Paul; Baesemann, J.; Richards, Barry (December 1999). "The IUGS boundary in the middle of the Carboniferous: Arrow Canyon, Nevada, USA" (PDF). Episodes. 22: 272–283. Retrieved 8 December 2020.
mississippian, geology, mississippian, period, early, carboniferous, redirect, here, north, american, civilization, mississippian, culture, mississippian, miss, also, known, lower, carboniferous, early, carboniferous, subperiod, geologic, timescale, subsystem,. Mississippian period and Early Carboniferous redirect here For the North American civilization see Mississippian culture The Mississippian ˌ m ɪ s ɪ ˈ s ɪ p i e n miss e SIP ee en 5 also known as Lower Carboniferous or Early Carboniferous is a subperiod in the geologic timescale or a subsystem of the geologic record It is the earlier of two subperiods of the Carboniferous period lasting from roughly 358 9 to 323 2 million years ago As with most other geochronologic units the rock beds that define the Mississippian are well identified but the exact start and end dates are uncertain by a few million years The Mississippian is so named because rocks with this age are exposed in the Mississippi Valley Mississippian358 9 0 4 323 2 0 4 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg NChronology 360 355 350 345 340 335 330 325 320 315 310 305 300 PaleozoicDevonianCarboniferousPermianMississippianPennsylvanianEarlyMiddleLateEarlyMidLateTournaisianViseanSerpuk BashkirianMoscovianKasimovianGzhelian Carboniferous Rainforest Collapse Mazon Creek Fossils End of Romer s Gap Start of Romer s GapSubdivision of the Carboniferous according to the ICS as of 2021 1 Vertical axis scale millions of years agoEtymologyName formalityFormalUsage informationCelestial bodyEarthRegional usageGlobal ICS Time scale s usedICS Time ScaleDefinitionChronological unitSubperiodTime span formalityFormalLower boundary definitionFAD of the Conodont Siphonodella sulcata discovered to have biostratigraphic issues as of 2006 2 Lower boundary GSSPLa Serre Montagne Noire France43 33 20 N 3 21 26 E 43 5555 N 3 3573 E 43 5555 3 3573Lower GSSP ratified1990 3 Upper boundary definitionFAD of the Conodont Declinognathodus nodiliferusUpper boundary GSSPArrow Canyon Nevada United States36 44 00 N 114 46 40 W 36 7333 N 114 7778 W 36 7333 114 7778Upper GSSP ratified1996 4 The Mississippian was a period of marine transgression in the Northern Hemisphere the sea level was so high that only the Fennoscandian Shield and the Laurentian Shield were dry land The cratons were surrounded by extensive delta systems and lagoons and carbonate sedimentation on the surrounding continental platforms covered by shallow seas 6 In North America where the interval consists primarily of marine limestones it is treated as a geologic period between the Devonian and the Pennsylvanian During the Mississippian an important phase of orogeny occurred in the Appalachian Mountains The USGS geologic time scale shows its relation to other periods 7 In Europe the Mississippian and Pennsylvanian are grouped together as the Carboniferous system and traditionally referred to as the Upper Carboniferous and Lower Carboniferous instead Subdivisions EditIn the official geologic timescale the Mississippian is subdivided into three stages Serpukhovian 330 9 to 323 2 mya Visean 346 7 to 330 9 mya Tournaisian 358 9 to 346 7 mya The lower two come from European stratigraphy the top from Russian stratigraphy Besides Europe and Russia there are many local subdivisions that are used as alternatives for the international timescale In the North American system the Mississippian is subdivided into four stages Chesterian top of the Visean plus the Serpukhovian Meramecian middle Visean Osagean top of the Tournaisian and bottom of the Visean Kinderhookian the lower two thirds of the Tournaisian References Edit Chart Time Scale www stratigraphy org International Commission on Stratigraphy Kaiser Sandra 1 April 2009 The Devonian Carboniferous boundary stratotype section La Serre France revisited Newsletters on Stratigraphy 43 195 205 doi 10 1127 0078 0421 2009 0043 0195 Retrieved 7 December 2020 Paproth Eva Feist Raimund Flajs Gerd December 1991 Decision on the Devonian Carboniferous boundary stratotype PDF Episodes 14 331 336 Lane H Brenckle Paul Baesemann J Richards Barry December 1999 The IUGS boundary in the middle of the Carboniferous Arrow Canyon Nevada USA PDF Episodes 22 272 283 Retrieved 8 December 2020 Mississippian Dictionary com Unabridged Online n d Cesare Emiliani Planet Earth Cosmology Geology and the Evolution of Life and Environment 1992 496 USGS TimescaleExternal links Edit Wikisource has the text of the 1905 New International Encyclopedia article Mississippian Series The Carboniferous Period University of California Archived from the original on 2019 03 15 Retrieved 2019 03 15 Foraminifera Gallery Database search for Mississippian Foraminifera Foraminifera eu Archived from the original on 2019 03 15 Retrieved 2019 03 15 This geochronology article is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Mississippian geology amp oldid 1136779141, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
