Miss Venezuela
This article possibly contains original research. (July 2015) |
The Miss Venezuela (Spanish: Organización Miss Venezuela) is the national beauty pageant of Venezuela, traditionally held in September. It is preceded by two or three months of preliminary events, with the awarding of corporate prizes. The final televised competition generally lasts about four hours and is broadcast live across Latin America by Venevisión and produced by the networks parent company Cisneros Group, with edited versions to the United States and Mexico on the Univision and Telemundo networks. From 2013 to 2015, the national contest was split into two separate pageants: Miss Venezuela (to select representatives to Miss Universe, Miss Earth and Miss International) and Miss Venezuela Mundo (representative to Miss World). The pageant is also closely observed by other countries seeking to level competition due to its illustrious record of pageant victories. In 2016, the Venezuelan franchise for Miss Earth was awarded to Miss Earth Venezuela organized by National Directors Julio César Cruz and Alyz Henrich.[1]
| Formation | June 7, 1952 |
|---|---|
| Type | Beauty pageant |
| Headquarters | Caracas |
| Location |
|
Membership | |
Official language | Spanish |
Executive Committee | Jonathan Blum Gabriela Isler Jacqueline Aguilera Nina Sicilia |
Key people | Gustavo Cisneros (Owner) Adriana Cisneros (CEO) Osmel Sousa Ignacio Font Coll |
Parent organization | Cisneros Group |
| Website | missvenezuela |
Venezuela has gained the most titles in the Big Four international beauty pageants with 23 victories and outstanding record of placements at Miss Universe, Miss World, Miss International and Miss Earth, considered the most important pageants in the world.[2] Under the direction of Osmel Sousa, Venezuela has accumulated more Big Four international pageant titles than any other country, including seven Miss Universe winners, six Miss World winners, eight Miss International winners and one Miss Earth winner (The other Miss Earth winner is under Sambil Model Organization).[3] Accordingly, the new national director of Venezuela is Maria Gabriela Isler, the 62nd Miss Universe titleholder.
The current Miss Venezuela is Diana Silva of Distrito Capital who was crowned on November 16, 2022, at the Poliedro de Caracas in Caracas, Venezuela.
History
Background
On May 7, 1905, Manuela Victoria Mujica Antich, representative of Lara state, was elected by popular vote as Miss Venezuela. Many authors and scholars in the history of Miss Venezuela contest consider her as the first Miss Venezuela ever, and its vote as a precursor of the pageant that it is currently known.[4][5]
Independent (1952-1981)
The Miss Venezuela pageant was officially founded in 1952 by Panamerican Airways, together with the businesswoman Gloria Sánchez, with the publicity and tourist purpose of sending a Venezuelan representative to the Miss Universe pageant, in Long Beach, California. Being the Miss Universe pageant created by Pacific Mills, a company who promote its new brand of swimsuits and bikinis, Catalina.
The speed with which the contestants were chosen for that first contest would characterize its first editions, in which parades with different outfits were held over the course of a week or more in different locations in the country. Due to protests by religious organizations at the time, the swimsuit parades were held in private, for jurors only.
Unlike the current contest, there was no prior training and both makeup and costumes were responsibility of the contestants. No prizes were awarded either, since the whole goal of the contest was to choose a local representative for Miss Universe, and in second term as a form to attract tourism to the country. During these years, representatives to Miss World (since 1955) and Miss International (since 1960) competitions would also begin to be elected.
After a first interruption in 1954 during the Marcos Pérez Jiménez dictatorship, Panamerican Airways ceded the rights to the contest in 1955 to Venezuelan journalist and musicologist, Reinaldo Espinoza Hernández.
Hernández, who despite the triumph of Susana Duijm in Miss World 1955 (first Hispanic American to take a great international crown), faced protests by the Venezuelan Catholic Church with feminist movements, and added to the lack of interest by the press of the time, in addition to a second interruption in 1959 caused by the 1958 Venezuelan coup d'état, produced the sold of the contest to Edwin E. Acosta-Rubio, a Cuban-Venezuelan businessman in 1962.[6]
Business-minded, Acosta-Rubio immediately changed the format of the competition. Turning the semi-improvised tourist pageant into an organized annual institution. In order to choose the contestants with professional and responsible criteria, Acosta-Rubio created the so-called Venezuelan Beauty Committee. Developed the publicity projection of the event and broadcast it for the first time on television in 1962, through the Radio Caracas Televisión network, beginning to charge the tickets for the finals. With all these changes accomplished in the late 1960s, the Miss Venezuela contest began to be a favorite and traditional reference among Venezuelans, in the Venezuelan popular culture and more importantly, for Acosta-Rubio, as a profitable and appreciated business.
In 1968, the swimsuit and evening gown portions of the show were broadcast on television for the first time. Although it was not of great importance at the moment, Osmel Sousa began to work in those years as a graphic and fashion designer for the contest.
In 1969, Ignacio Font Coll, brother-in-law of Edwin Acosta-Rubio, who was the creator and president of OPPA Publicidad, appointed him as director of the current Miss Venezuela Organization.
Already in the 1960s, the Acosta-Rubio Organization had begun to obtain excellent results with Mercedes Revenga as 1st Runner-Up in the Miss Beauty Form 1964 contest and later on as Top 15 in Miss Universe 1964. The choice of Mariela Pérez Branger and Peggy Kopp as 1st and 3rd Runner-Up in the 1967 and 1968 edition, respectively. Adriana López with the Miss Planet Resort 1967 win, Judith Castillo, being 1st Runner-Up in Miss Universe 1976, and Zully Guilarte winning the 1968 Miss Tourism of Central America and the Caribbean pageant, as well as numerous other classifieds around of the world. All this, served as an appetizer for the triumph of Maritza Sayalero in Miss Universe 1979, being the first edition of Miss Universe to be televised in color in Venezuela. With Sayalero win, started what is considered the 'Golden age of Miss Venezuela' in the history of the contest.
Since 1972, the Cisneros Organization acquired the rights to start producing and broadcasting the beauty contest through its channel, Venevisión, the outstanding participation of Miss Venezuela 1972, María Antonieta Cámpoli, in Miss Universe 1972 as 2nd Runner-Up, was the great triumph for the born project. Later also, obtaining the first crown of the Miss Intercontinental pageant in 1974, by the representative of Bolívar state, María Emilia de los Ríos, would mark the moment when the maturity of the contest begins to bear fruit.[7]
Miss Venezuela Organization (1981–present)
In 1981, with the triumph of Irene Sáez in Miss Universe 1981, Pilín León in Miss World 1981, in addition to the death of Coll. Finally, in 1982, the Cisneros Group was placed at the helm of the beauty contest and the Miss Venezuela Organization was officially structured. After this, in February 1982, Cisneros and Acosta-Rubio appointed Osmel Sousa (a long time-worker at the empress) as Coll's successor, taking the charge of President. Besides, Joaquín Riviera, María Kallay and Mery Cortez, were appointed as official producer, coordinator and choreographer of the event, respectively.
From that moment, Miss Venezuela reached a high level and international prestige, when the Venezuelans representatives brought the international crowns of any contest in the world, or at least, they were among the finalists. For this, in the 1990s, the Miss Venezuela Organization was ranked as the most successful beauty pageant in the world.
Starting in 1984, the crowns used in the organization's pageants would be made by jewelry designer, George Wittels. Until July 2018, Wittels was in charge of making the goldsmith pieces for the contest. George was succeeded by Mila Toledo, Miss Federal District in 1980.
In 1996, the beauty pageant launched its website, missvenezuela.com. Also, in the same year, the Mister Venezuela competition was founded, as well as, Miss Venezuela Mundo in 2000. In both cases, at the request of the Miss World Organization
In 2009, Venezuela achieved the Guinness Record for being the first and so far only representation in Miss Universe to be crowned by another winner from the same nation.
In 2010, the pageant acquired the Miss Earth franchise, which it maintained until 2015, obtaining Alyz Henrich a second crown for this contest as Miss Earth 2013.
Joaquín Riviera, Miss Venezuela executive producer, would be in charge of the event until his death in 2012. After María Kallay's death in 2013, the production of the event was realized by Peggy Navarro, Ricardo Di Salvatore, Vicente Alvarado and Erick Simonato, who were part of the original production team along with Riviera as General Producer. In 2015, Peggy left office, leaving three managers, who to date are still part of the Miss Venezuela Organization.
In 2016, Mery Cortez, announced her departure from the contest and from Venevisión network, after almost 45 years as the choreographic producer of the contest.
On February 6, 2018, via Instagram, Osmel Sousa, announced his official retirement as President of the Miss Venezuela Organization, after being in charge of the contest for more than 40 years, leaving the presidency vacant.
On April 17, 2018, the Miss Venezuela Organization revealed that the contest would it be run by an executive committee, replacing in this way the former figure of presidency.[8] One day later, were announced the names of the committee members: Gabriela Isler, Miss Universe 2013, Jacqueline Aguilera, Miss World 1995 and Nina Sicilia, Miss International 1985, all three former international beauty queens.[9]
Contestant selection
List of state titles
There is an unofficial formula to determine the states and regions represented in Venezuela. The base number of contestants over the last decade has been 26–28, which can be increased or decreased by pageant's management.
Official states (23)
* Denotes that state has a preliminary pageant – which may or may not still be held – as of 2005 only Táchira, Zulia-Falcón, Lara, Aragua and Sucre held preliminaries.
** Denotes that state has been represented through the Miss Centroccidental preliminary. Additionally, three states, Carabobo, Falcon and Mérida hold their own individual pageants.
Official regions (3)
- Costa Oriental (Eastern shore of Lake Maracaibo)
- Distrito Capital (Capital District)
- Dependencias Federales ("Federal Dependencies" Venezuelan islands)
Together, these 26 regions form the "base" of the Miss Venezuela contest. However, at times other regions and territories have been represented. If there are 27 sashes, the 27th candidate is Miss Peninsula Goajira. If there are 28 sashes, either Canaima (a national park in Bolivar state) or Peninsula de Paraguaná (a region of Falcon state) is represented. In 2003, additional titles of Península de Araya (a region of Sucre State) and Roraima (a national park in Bolivar State) were created to bring the pageant to its highest ever number of contestants: 32. Surprisingly, in 2008 Península de Araya was used again, and there was no Miss Península Goajira or Miss Costa Oriental that year. In the mid-1990s, the districts of Municipio Libertador and Municipio San Francisco were also represented, the last one only in 1997 and 1998. Also, only in 2003, Guayana Esequiba (part of Guyana that historically Venezuela claims as its own) was represented. Vargas State, the most recent modification to Venezuela's map (1999) was always present in the pageant, but with other names: Departamento Vargas (until 1986), Municipio Vargas (1987 to 1997), Territorio Federal Vargas (1998), and Vargas State since 1999. In 2009, only 20 delegates competed for the crown, the same number that competed on the final night in 2003, so some "traditional" states didn't have a representative.
All-time Miss Venezuela ranking
| State | Title | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Guárico | 10 | 1963, 1966, 1969, 1978, 1982, 1985, 2004, 2006, 2012, 2014 |
| Distrito Capital | 8 | 1956, 1957, 1960, 1961, 1965, 1968, 2001, 2022 |
| Miranda | 7 | 1955, 1964, 1981, 1988, 1999, 2009, 2010 |
| Lara | 4 | 1980, 1989, 2003, 2015 |
| Carabobo | 1953, 1970, 1973, 1996 | |
| Nueva Esparta | 1972, 1975, 1976, 1987 | |
| Vargas | 1967, 1969, 1977, 1979 | |
| Zulia | 3 | 1974, 1984, 2020 |
| Delta Amacuro | 1998, 2017, 2019 | |
| Sucre | 1958, 2005, 2011 | |
| Portuguesa | 2 | 1983, 2018 |
| Monagas | 1971, 2016 | |
| Costa Oriental | 1994, 2013 | |
| Trujillo | 1986, 2008 | |
| Amazonas | 1991, 2007 | |
| Aragua | 1992, 2002 | |
| Apure | 1993, 2000 | |
| Bolívar | 1952, 1990 | |
| Región Andina | 1 | 2021 |
| Táchira | 1997 | |
| Yaracuy | 1995 | |
| Anzoátegui | 1962 |
- Venezuela's international titleholders represented the following states during their Miss Venezuela competition (indicates year of international victory): Miss Universe: Vargas (1979), Miranda (1981), Trujillo (1986; 2009), Yaracuy (1996), Amazonas (2008) and Guárico (2013); Miss World: Miranda (1955; 1984), Aragua (1981), Zulia (1991), Nueva Esparta (1995) and Amazonas (2011); and Miss International: Monagas (1985), Miranda (1997), Costa Oriental (2000), Carabobo (2003), Barinas (2006; 2018), Trujillo (2010) and Anzoátegui (2015).
Main pageant
Training
There are Miss Venezuela schools and "beauty factories" in which girls as young as 5 years old are trained to be the next potential Miss Venezuela. At both the schools and factories the young girls and women are taught how to walk properly, given beauty tips, and given lessons in proper etiquette.
Once a candidate is shortlisted for the pageant, she begins an intensive training program which can last for six months. She receives coaching in speech, physical fitness, make-up, modelling, and all the other skills required for the competition. Plastic surgery and cosmetic dentistry are optional, and some delegates elect to use padding. As the Miss Venezuela broadcast lasts up to four hours long, with countless musical numbers and dances, rehearsals require weeks of preparation. Contestants also participate in official photo-shoots and also fittings by fashion designers.
The evening gowns worn by candidates are a major source of politicking by Venezuela's domestic fashion houses, with top designers such as Mayela Camacho, Ángel Sanchez, Durant & Diego, Jose María Almeida, and Gionni Straccia selecting candidates that they will dress for the final night, while other, newer designers compete to present designs for the pageant.[citation needed] As a general rule the evening gowns are always custom-designed for each of the candidates on the final night, and always by a Venezuelan designer. By tradition, Nidal Nouaihed dresses the representatives of his home state of Zulia (Miss Costa Oriental, Miss Peninsula Goajira, Miss Zulia); Ángel Sanchez designs the gown for Miss Trujillo; Jose María Almeida designs the dress for Miss Mérida and the national costume for Miss Venezuela to Miss Universe. In 1999, 26 different designers took part in the evening gown competition, one candidate for each one. Also, in 2006, for the first time ever, the designers appeared on stage with the delegates, showing their fabulous creations. For the first time, in 2008, a "best evening gown" prize was given to a designer; the winner was Gionni Straccia for Miss Monagas' dress. He also made the gown for Dayana Mendoza in the Miss Universe finals.
The winners chosen to represent Venezuela in the major pageants undergo continuous preparation before they compete internationally. These efforts are funded by corporate sponsors like Pepsi-Cola, Palmolive, Colgate, Ebel and Lux who were attracted to the pageant by its high ratings.
Participation in international pageants
As of 2023, Venezuela has a total of 23 wins at Big Four international beauty pageants, the most by any country in the world, and consisting of seven Miss Universe titles, six Miss World titles, eight Miss International titles, and two Miss Earth titles.[10]
Miss Venezuela reached the semifinals of Miss Universe each year from 1983 to 2003, and reached the question-and-answer round consistently from 1991 to 2003 (winning in 1986 and 1996), constituting the longest streak of Miss Universe finalists by any country. This streak was ended in 2004, when Ana Karina Áñez was not included in the semifinals at Miss Universe 2004. Venezuela has also held Miss Universe and Miss World titles simultaneously in 1981 (Irene Saez and Pilin Leon), and Miss Universe and Miss Earth titles simultaneously in 2013 (Gabriela Isler and Alyz Henrich). Henrich's Miss Earth victory made Venezuela the only country in the world to have won each of the Big Four pageants multiple times.[11] Venezuela also holds the distinction of being the first, and so far only, country to win back-to-back Miss Universe titles when Dayana Mendoza, outgoing Miss Universe 2008, crowned Stefania Fernandez as Miss Universe 2009.[12]
Success in other fields
Competing in the pageant can get a contestant noticed and launched on a successful television or print career. At least a dozen well-sought models come out of the pageant. Virtually all of Venezuela's female top models and television personalities are alumni of the pageant, including Maite Delgado (who competed in 1986 against future Miss Universe Bárbara Palacios and became the primary annual emcee of Miss Venezuela's live shows in recent decades), and Dominika van Santen (Top Model of the World 2005).[13][14] In fact, only Gaby Espino and several other entertainment figures stand out as never having competed in the pageant. Many of today's top young models, such as Onelises Brochero and Wendy Medina, have repeatedly been rejected by Miss Venezuela; on the other hand, Goizeder Azua and Desiree Pallotta, who have variously been considered the top domestic supermodels in the country, joined the pageant after establishing their careers.
Nowadays, familiar faces on Spanish TV networks around the world, from Venezuela, include Ruddy Rodríguez, Catherine Fulop, Carolina Perpetuo, Norkys Batista, Daniela Kosán, Viviana Gibelli, Marjorie de Sousa, Chiquinquirá Delgado, Alicia Machado and Natalia Streignard. Two of the Latin world's best known people, supermodel Patricia Velásquez and singer/actress María Conchita Alonso, also participated, in 1989 and 1975, respectively.
Miss Universe 1981, Irene Sáez, became mayor of Chacao (Caracas), governor of Nueva Esparta State, and then a candidate in the 1998 Venezuelan presidential election. The Times of London ranked her 13th in its list of the 100 most powerful women in the world.[citation needed]
Alexandra Braun, Miss Earth 2005 became the most decorated international actress from Venezuela with the most acting awards when she won four international best actress awards in various film festivals all over the world for her portrayal of the lead role in the movie, "Uma" at the London Film Festival, Monaco International Film Festival, the Milan International Film Festival and the Georgia Latino Film Festival in Atlanta; the film also won recognition in the "Film of the World" category at the International Film Festival of India[15] and won best foreign film at the Burbank International Film Festival in the United States.[16]
Miss Venezuela and other countries
Some delegates in the pageant went on to win other national pageants. Natascha Börger became the first Venezuelan to switch countries, when she won the Miss Germany title in 2002 after placing 14th at Miss Venezuela 2000. She went on to place in the Top 10 at Miss Universe 2002 in Puerto Rico while Cynthia Lander, Miss Venezuela 2001, placed fifth in the same competition. Miss Trujillo 2005 Angelika Hernandez Dorendorf also placed fourth at Miss Germany 2007 and cancelled her participation at the Miss Intercontinental of that same year in order to continue her master's degree. In 2006, Francys Sudnicka, who placed in the Top 10 representing Trujillo in Miss Venezuela 2003, won the Miss Poland Universe title. She represented Poland at Miss Universe 2006, and later represented Poland in Miss Earth 2006, taking a place in the Top 8. The following Venezuelans who have won the Miss Italia nel Mondo (Miss World Italy) pageant placed in the final five of Miss Venezuela: Barbara Clara (Miss Amazonas 2004), Valentina Patruno (Miss Miranda 2003) and Silvana Santaella (Miss Península de Paraguaná 2003). Patruno, though born Venezuelan, represented the United States.
In the past, other countries have sent their titleholders to be trained by Osmel Sousa and the Miss Venezuela Organization. In 1999, Miriam Quiambao of the Philippines trained in Venezuela before competing at Miss Universe 1999 in Trinidad and Tobago and eventually placing second to Botswana, while Carolina Indriago, Miss Venezuela 1998, appeared in the Top 5. The Miss Venezuela Organization, however, ended its policy allowing training of foreign candidates after Amelia Vega of the Dominican Republic received training from them before eventually winning Miss Universe 2003 in Panama, while Mariangel Ruiz, Miss Venezuela 2002, placed second behind her.
In recent years the pageant organization has begun to "import" expatriates who have been working as international models. Miami has produced Valentina Patruno (Miss World Venezuela 2003), Andrea Gómez (Miss International Venezuela 2004), Mónica Spear (Miss Venezuela 2004 and 4th runner-up at Miss Universe 2005), Ileana Jiménez (Miss Portuguesa 2005), and María Alessandra Villegas (Miss Península de Paraguaná 2008).
Order of succession
There has been considerable controversy in a number of major national pageants as to how to direct their contestants to Miss Universe, Miss World, and the other international contests. The reason for this issue is the dispute between the international pageants, who generally desire that the winner of a national contest be sent. Although many nations such as Italy and Germany have completely separate pageants for Miss Universe and Miss World, in the case of Miss Venezuela the national pageant organization must field candidates to almost all of the major world contests.
Between 2000 and 2002, the Miss Venezuela pageant was split into two contests: the Miss World Venezuela pageant, to elect the representative to Miss World, from which a reduced group of contestants would go on to compete in Miss Venezuela to go to the Miss Universe contest. In 2002, the organization merged the Miss World Venezuela contest with the Gala de Belleza, making the final "state cut" before the election of the Miss World representative. The two pageants were rejoined in 2003. Using the most prominent format used in Miss Venezuela's entire run, the winners of the Miss Venezuela title (who goes to Miss Universe) and Miss World Venezuela are equal in rank. Nevertheless, the representative to Miss Universe is still announced last, and she is still considered the holder of the one single Miss Venezuela title. Nowadays, the final five finalists are announced during the telecast, followed by the elimination of the second and first runners-up, then Miss Venezuela to Miss International, Miss Venezuela to Miss World, and Miss Venezuela to Miss Universe. Since 2010, yet another new system has been introduced, with the fifth-place finisher as the 1st. runner-up, fourth place being designated as a "representative" to Miss Earth, the third place as a "representative" to Miss International and two 'equal' crowned winners—Miss Venezuela World and Miss Venezuela Universe.
While this system is similar to that of Mexico and India, in Mexico the first runner-up is known as the "substitute" and in the order of succession automatically fills into any title above her that is emptied. For example, if "Nuestra Belleza Mexico Mundo" (Miss Mexico to Miss World) is unable to fulfill her duties, the first runner-up assumes her title. While the Miss Universe representative is similarly considered the "greater of the two equals", if her position is vacated, the first runner-up ascends to her crown, instead of Miss Mexico-World becoming Miss Mexico-Universe and the first runner-up going to Miss World. In India, however, the succession does follow the other option: the top three titles go Earth->Universe->World in rising order of importance (although they are also emphasized as "equals").
In Venezuela, neither policy of succession is explicitly laid down. Osmel Sousa made the final decisions as to who is appointed when a vacancy arises; i.e. in 2003, there were significant rumors that Mariangel Ruiz might be replaced by Amara Barroeta, the first runner-up, to Miss Universe (and not Goizeder Azua, who was Miss World Venezuela). In fact, in 2003, the Miss International Pageant was concurrent with Miss Venezuela, meaning that it would be impossible to send a "fresh" contestant, and Osmel actually opted not to send Amara, who should have gone (as the first runner-up then was almost always automatically titled Miss Venezuela International) and instead replaced her with Goizeder Azua, who won Miss International 2003. Due to scheduling conflicts between Miss International and Miss Venezuela, a similar situation occurred in 2002 when Cynthia Lander, Miss Venezuela (Universe), gave up her crown to the next Miss Venezuela and immediately boarded a flight for Japan to participate in Miss International. The reasoning was that her first runner-up had already participated the year before, and it would have been ridiculous to crown a Miss Venezuela (International) and immediately send her on a plane to her contest with no specific preparation whatsoever. Incidentally in 2006 the Miss World pageant shifted its pageant date from its usual November–December timeframe to September when the organization announced Poland as the competition venue. Due to the change in dates; it resulted to a timing conflict with the Miss Venezuela pageant. The Miss Venezuela organization decided to hold a snap pageant called "Miss Venezuela Mundo" to elect a representative for Miss World 2006. The said competition was composed of former Miss Venezuela contestants from previous editions. At the end of the night Federica Guzman who represented the state of Miranda in 2001 was the winner. Thus, all four winners, Miss Earth Venezuela, Miss Venezuela International, Miss Venezuela World and Miss Venezuela Universe now compete in the year after their coronation.
Ironically, the only time in the "modern" pageant that the famous "if the winner should not fulfill her duties, the first runner-up will take over" statement was made for Miss Venezuela was in 1999. The decision was made to send whoever won to Miss World first, and then to Miss Universe if she did not win. This policy was adopted after the consecutive eliminations of Christina Dieckmann and Veronica Schneider in 1997 and 1998, both of whom were considered amongst the strongest Miss World Venezuelas in history and whose eliminations were seen by the organization as a signal that it needed to send its winner to Miss World. Therefore, in 1999, there were no Miss World Venezuela or Miss Venezuela International titles, only an official Miss Venezuela, who was Martina Thorogood. Her first runner-up, Norkys Batista, was told that she would become Miss Venezuela to Miss Universe only if Martina won the Miss World crown outright. Martina came in second at Miss World and she was expected continue on to Miss Universe 2000 the next year. However, due to a number of major controversies, she was barred from Miss Universe 2000 on the grounds that as the first runner-up to Miss World, Osmel also declared that Miss Universe demanded a winner from Venezuela, thereby barring Norkys Batista from succeeding to the title. The only option for Norkys to go was for Martina to renounce the Miss Venezuela title, which neither she or the organization was willing to do. Therefore, a new emergency (and temporary) pageant was held, called Miss Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, which was conducted among ten former contestants (some semi-finalists and other non-finalists) from the previous five years. The winner, Claudia Moreno, had placed as seventh in the semi-finals behind Martina and Norkys in Miss Venezuela 1999, and she ended up performing excellently and becoming first runner-up to Miss Universe 2000. In years to come, 2002's first runner-up Amara Barroeta would join Norkys Batista as one of several runners-ups to be "denied" the chance to compete at a "big three" pageant.
In the US and many other countries, an occasion when the order of succession comes into play is when the reigning titleholder wins her international contest, e.g. in 1997 when Brook Mahealani Lee became Miss Universe and her first runner-up Brandi Sherwood became Miss USA. However, Venezuela does not have this official provision, even when the two "equal" winners both win Miss Universe and Miss World. In 1981, Miriam Quintana was considered somewhat unofficially as the serving Miss Venezuela, because both Irene Saez and Pilin Leon had won their respective pageants. However, in 1995–1996, when Alicia Machado took the Miss Universe title and Jacqueline Aguilera the Miss World crown, no new "Miss Venezuela" was appointed to hold the crown while they reigned internationally, though some newspapers said that Carla Steinkopf, Miss International Venezuela 1995, would give the crown to the 1996 winner. In general, all the times Venezuela has won the Miss Universe Pageant, it's Miss Universe herself who returns to crown the new Miss Venezuela, not Miss World Venezuela from the previous year or another finalist. Since 2013, the Miss World delegate is no longer crowned at the Miss Venezuela final but is crowned in a separate Miss Venezuela World pageant, and competes in the same year of her coronation. In 2014, Maira Alexandra Rodriguez was crowned as Miss Earth Venezuela to compete in the 2015 edition, but due to the destitution of her predecessor, Stephanie de Zorzi, she was sent to Miss Earth 2014, in which she ended as Miss Water (2nd runner-up).
From 2015 onwards, Miss Earth Venezuela will compete in the same year of her coronation. In 2017, the announcing was made as it was years before: Top 5 consisting of 2nd and 1st runners-up, then Miss Venezuela International, Miss World Venezuela and Miss Venezuela Universe, all three competing in 2018. This avoids the rumors of major pageants not allowing contestants to participate if they weren't in their current reign year. However, in 2018, Osmel's resignation coincided with the same year Miss Venezuela sent their winner, Isabella Rodríguez, to Miss World. As a result, since 2019, the organization switched to a separate Miss World Venezuela national pageant while retaining the Miss Universe and Miss International national titles under the main Miss Venezuela pageant for all succeeding candidates.
Controversies
Objectification
Esther Pineda, a Venezuelan women's studies expert, stated that the popularity of Miss Venezuela and other pageants in Venezuela reveals how the country is "deeply sexist". Despite controversies facing Miss Venezuela, the Me Too movement has not carried any significance in Venezuela. According to Pineda, in Venezuela “[p]hysical beauty is seen as a value. ... And it's given more importance than any other attribute".[3]
| External video | |
|---|---|
| The strict beauty standards Venezuelan women experience, resulting in insecurity and surgeries on YouTube |
Sexual exploitation
Miss Venezuela contestants are often subject to prostitution and sexual exploitation. Young contestants are passed to powerful individuals in Venezuelan society for sexual favors. In a poverty-filled country, vulnerable women turn to wealthy individuals for funds. With participation often costing tens of thousands of United States dollars, these participants perform sexual favors for their wardrobe, cosmetic surgery, photo shoots and for sponsorships in order to "create the illusion of 'perfect' beauty" that is held in esteem in Venezuelan culture. Some contestants allegedly involved in such acts include Miss Venezuela 1989 participant Patricia Velásquez and Miss Venezuela 2006 runner-up Claudia Suárez.[17][18][19][20][21][22]
Recent titleholders
The following women have been recently crowned Miss Venezuela:[23]
| Year | State | Titleholder | Venue | Date | Placement |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2022 | Capital District | Diana Silva | Poliedro de Caracas, Caracas | November 16, 2022 | TBA |
| 2021 | Región Andina | Amanda Dudamel | Venevisión, Caracas | October 28, 2021 | 1st Runner-Up in Miss Universe 2022 |
| 2020 | Zulia | Mariángel Villasmil | Venevisión, Caracas | September 24, 2020 | Unplaced in Miss Universe 2020 |
| 2019 | Delta Amacuro | Thalía Olvino | Venevisión, Caracas | August 1, 2019 | Top 20 in Miss Universe 2019 |
| 2018 | Portuguesa | Isabella Rodríguez | Venevisión, Caracas | December 13, 2018 | Top 40 in Miss World 2019 |
- Winners gallery
- Miss Venezuela 1955 and Miss World 1955
Susana Duijm † - Miss Venezuela 1964
Mercedes Revenga - Miss Venezuela 1977
Cristal Montañez - Miss Venezuela 1979 and Miss Universe 1979
Maritza Sayalero - Miss Venezuela 1992
Milka Chulina - Miss Venezuela 1995 and Miss Universe 1996
Alicia Machado - Miss Venezuela 2007 and Miss Universe 2008
Dayana Mendoza - Miss Venezuela 2008 and Miss Universe 2009
Stefanía Fernández - Miss Venezuela 2010
Vanessa Goncalves - Miss Venezuela 2012 and Miss Universe 2013
Gabriela Isler
Big Four pageants winners
| Number of wins at major beauty pageants | ||
|---|---|---|
| Current franchises | ||
| Pageant | Titles | Winning year(s) |
| Miss Universe | 7 | 1979, 1981, 1986, 1996, 2008, 2009, 2013 |
| Miss World | 6 | 1955, 1981, 1984, 1991, 1995, 2011 |
| Miss International | 8 | 1985, 1997, 2000, 2003, 2006, 2010, 2015, 2018 |
| Miss Earth | 2 | 2005, 2013 |
A girl wishing to compete in the pageant starts at either the local level, if a regional contest is held in her state, or goes directly to the pageant's headquarters in Caracas. Regional contests generally select three to six candidates (except for the massive Miss Centroccidental pageant, which covers six to seven midwestern states) who will likely represent the state or one nearby: i.e. a candidate who is a finalist for Miss Carabobo will usually expect to represent Carabobo or a neighboring state such as Yaracuy in the final pageant.
Thousands of entrants apply for the pageant each year. Some young women would try for up to five or six years consecutively trying to get one of the 24 to 32 titles that will enable them to compete in the final pageant. Venezuela's 23 states, capital district, islands and the Costa Oriental region of Zulia State are almost always represented; some years other regions of the country will have representatives in the pageant. Although some major states and regions such as Zulia, Táchira, Lara, Bolivar and Carabobo will hold their own preliminaries, many of the states are assigned by geographical proximity or even random drawing to the final contestants. There is therefore considerably less emphasis on state titles than there is in other national pageants such as Miss USA, although certain areas such as Miranda, Nueva Esparta, Capital District, Guarico, Vargas and Carabobo always seem to achieve high results.
Osmel Sousa, former president of the pageant, always sat on the selection panel regardless of whether it was a final regional contest or the direct "auditions", and it was not uncommon for him to overturn the entire regional results in favor of his own choices. For example, none of the candidates in 2004 for Vargas state were deemed fit for competition, so a candidate from Caracas was appointed Miss Vargas. Winners therefore have often never visited the state they represent. In this fashion, rather than waste five or six candidates from a strong area of the country such as Zulia in a system wherein only one can represent the state, the pageant distributes "spare states" to them so all have an opportunity to demonstrate their capabilities in the final night. Traditionally, strong candidates have been pulled from Caracas, Zulia and Carabobo states, although they can come from all over the country; e.g. in 2003 the Miss Centroccidental pageant sent seven candidates to the pageant, while in 2005 only one proceeded to the finals. In 2000, the casting made in Zulia State (called Miss Venezuela Zulia at that time) sent 7 girls to that year's finals.
The pageant reserves the right to remove any candidate that is deemed not to be performing up to standard, so there is no guarantee that a contestant may participate in the final night of competition. However, such decisions are usually made before the delegates are convened and the various state sashes are handed out. The pageant keeps a "reserve" pool of willing candidates always available to replace any last minute rejected contestant. Many aspirants will also make it into the final 50 or 60, only to be eliminated from the final roster of 26–32 contestants. Such eliminations have no real bearing on how well the contestant will do in the future. Mariangel Ruiz, Miss Venezuela 2002, did not place into the final 120 in 1998; Barbara Clara, second runner-up in 2004, had previously tried for the pageant three times before winning a title at the last minute in 2004.
Reentry into the final pageant is rare, although the rules are arbitrary and not as restrictive as those in other countries. Only one contestant has ever participated in the official Miss Venezuela pageant twice: Maria Fernanda Leon, who represented Guárico in 1999 and Portuguesa in 2002, making the top 10 in her second attempt. Aida Yespica competed in Miss Venezuela World 2001 but withdrew before being assigned a state for the final pageant her year; she returned in Miss Venezuela 2002 for Amazonas state. The majority of the contestants in 2000 and 2001 competed in both the Miss Venezuela World and Miss Venezuela contests of their respective years; they were assigned numbers for the Miss World preliminary, with the most desirable contestants being allowed to proceed to the final Miss Venezuela pageant with state titles. The ten contestants for Miss Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela (Miss Venezuela for Miss Universe 2000) and the six for Miss Venezuela Mundo 2006 (Miss Venezuela for Miss World 2006) were "recycled" from previous years. This situation was expected to be repeated during the 2007 pageant, in which some contestants were expected to compete again, though it didn't happen.
Big Four pageants representatives
The following women have represented Venezuela in the Big Four international beauty pageants.
Miss Venezuela Universo
- Color key
- Declared as winner
- Ended as runner-up
- Ended as top 5/8 qualification
- Ended as one of the finalists or semifinalists
- Ended as special awards winner
- The winner of Miss Venezuela represents her country at Miss Universe. On occasion, when the winner does not qualify (due to age) for either contest, a runner-up is sent.
Miss Venezuela Mundo
- Color key
- Declared as winner
- Ended as runner-up
- Ended as top 5/8 qualification
- Ended as one of the finalists or semifinalists
- Ended as special awards winner
- In recent years Miss Venezuela Mundo under Miss Venezuela Organization holds a separate contest to select its winner to Miss World pageant.
- Notes
- ^ Ruddy Rodríguez, Top 7 in Miss World 1985 was later announced as 3rd Runner-Up by the Miss World Organization.
- Miss World Venezuela gallery
- Miss World Venezuela 1975
María Conchita Alonso - Miss World Venezuela 1980
Hilda Abrahamz - Miss World Venezuela 1985
Ruddy Rodríguez - Miss World Venezuela 1988
Emma Rabbe - Miss World Venezuela 1995
Jacqueline Aguilera - Miss World Venezuela 2007
Claudia Suárez - Miss World Venezuela 2008
Hannelly Quintero - Miss World Venezuela 2010
Adriana Vasini - Miss World Venezuela 2011
Ivian Sarcos - Miss World Venezuela 2012
Gabriella Ferrari
Miss Venezuela Internacional
- Color key
- Declared as winner
- Ended as runner-up
- Ended as top 5/8 qualification
- Ended as one of the finalists or semifinalists
- Ended as special awards winner
- The 2nd Runner-Up of Miss Venezuela traditionally represented her country at Miss International. In recent years Miss Venezuela selects a runner-up or second position at Miss Venezuela pageant as Miss Venezuela Internacional winner. The winner goes to Miss International.
- Miss International Venezuela gallery
- Miss International Venezuela 1973
Hilda Carrero - Miss International Venezuela 1994
Milka Chulina - Miss International Venezuela 1998
Daniela Kosán - Miss International Venezuela 2015
Edymar Martínez
Miss Venezuela Tierra
- Color key
- Declared as winner
- Ended as runner-up or elemental queen
- Ended as top 5/8 qualification
- Ended as one of the finalists or semifinalists
- Ended as special awards winner
- Since its establishment in 2001 Miss Earth Venezuela is chosen by another organization, called Sambil Model Organization. From 2010 to 2015 Miss Earth Venezuela was chosen by the beauty czar Osmel Sousa. In 2010, Miss Venezuela Organization acquired the franchise for Miss Earth Venezuela and the organization declared that Miss Earth, along with Miss Universe and Miss World contests, is one of the three largest beauty pageants in the world in terms of the number of participating countries.[28] The organization conducted a selection process which attended by several former beauty queens and runners up to qualify for participation. Mariángela Bonanni who competed in the Miss Venezuela 2009 (placed as first runner up) representing the state of Táchira, was chosen by the organization to participate in Miss Earth 2010. Since 2016, Venezuela representatives at the Miss Earth are chosen in a separate pageant Miss Earth Venezuela. Although Miss Venezuela Organization is not related to Sambil Model Organization, here are Venezuela's Miss Earth representatives sent by the Sambil Model Organization, Miss Venezuela Organization and Miss Earth Venezuela Organization .
| Year | State | Miss Venezuela Tierra | Placement at Miss Earth | Special Awards |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2015 | Amazonas | Andrea Carolina Rosales Castillejos | Top 8 |
|
| 2014 | Amazonas | Maira Alexandra Rodríguez Herrera | Miss Water (2nd Runner-Up) |
|
| 2013 | Falcón | Alyz Sabimar Henrich Ocando | Miss Earth 2013 |
|
| 2012 | Yaracuy | Osmariel Maholi Villalobos Atencio | Miss Water (2nd Runner-Up) |
|
| 2011 | Aragua | Caroline Gabriela Medina Peschiutta | Miss Fire (3rd Runner-Up) |
|
| 2010 | Táchira | Mariángela Haydée Manuela Bonanni Randazzo | Top 7 |
|
| Sambil Model Organization | ||||
| 2009 | Zulia | Jessica Cristina Barboza Schmidt | Miss Water (2nd Runner-Up) |
|
| 2008 | Táchira | María Daniela Torrealba Pacheco | Top 8 |
|
| 2007 | Distrito Capital | Silvana Santaella Arellano | Miss Water (2nd Runner-Up) |
|
| 2006 | Aragua | Marianne Pasqualina Puglia Martinez | Miss Fire (3rd Runner-Up) |
|
| 2005 | Distrito Capital | Alexandra Braun Waldeck | Miss Earth 2005 |
|
| 2004 | Monagas | Enid Solsiret Herrera Ramírez | Did not compete | |
| 2003 | Nueva Esparta | Driva Ysabella Cedeño Salazar | Unplaced | |
| 2002 | Lara | Dagmar Catalina Votterl Peláez | Unplaced | |
| 2001 | Carabobo | Lirigmel Gabriela Ramos Salazar | Unplaced | |
- Gallery of Miss Earth Venezuela
- Miss Venezuela Earth 2006
Marianne Puglia - Miss Venezuela Earth 2007
Silvana Santaella - Miss Venezuela Earth 2008
Daniela Torrealba - Miss Venezuela Earth 2010
Mariángela Bonanni - Miss Venezuela Earth 2012
Osmariel Villalobos
Miss Venezuela Organization
The Miss Venezuela Organization is the organization that currently owns and runs the Miss Venezuela, Miss World Venezuela, Miss International Venezuela and Mister Venezuela beauty pageant competitions.
Based in Caracas, the organization is currently owned by the Venezuelan holding and conglomerate Cisneros Group since 1972. The current president is Gustavo Cisneros and Adriana Cisneros as CEO, co-directed by Jonathan Blum, Gabriela Isler, Jacqueline Aguilera and Nina Sicilia. The organization sells television rights mostly to Latin American countries and the US.
Current Miss Venezuela Organization titleholders
Since 1985, the Venezuelan representative chosen for Miss Universe and Miss World are titled individually, as well, since 1987 for Miss International. For this reason, since those editions, any finalist or other contestant who is selected to represent the country in said competitions without having initially the mentioned titles achieved in a competition run by the Miss Venezuela Organization, is taken into account as a designation.
The following is a list of all Miss Venezuela Organization titleholders from the founding of each pageant.
- Key
- Designated
- Did not compete
Past Miss Venezuela Organization titleholders
The following is a list of all past Miss Venezuela Organization titleholders from the founding of each pageant.
- Key
- Designated
- Did not compete
| Edition | Miss Earth Venezuela | State | Miss Wonderland Venezuela | State | Miss Venezuela Latina | State | Nuestra Belleza Venezuela | State |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2015 | Andrea Rosales | Amazonas | Ended in 1990 | Ended in 1989 | Ended in 1996 | |||
| 2014 | Maira Rodríguez[ac] | |||||||
| 2013 | Stephanie de Zorzi[ac] | Aragua | ||||||
| 2012 | Alyz Henrich | Falcón | ||||||
| 2011 | Osmariel Villalobos | Yaracuy | ||||||
| 2010 | Caroline Medina | Aragua | ||||||
| 2009 | Mariángela Bonanni[ad] | Táchira | ||||||
| 1996 | Established in 2009 (Previously run by Sambil Model Organization since 2005) | Adelaida Pifano | Lara | |||||
| 1990 | Stefania Bacco | Mérida | Established in 1996 | |||||
| 1989 | Luicira Marcano | Táchira | Heidi Gorrín | Aragua | ||||
| 1988 | Constanza Giner | Aragua | Marilisa Maronese | Portuguesa | ||||
Until 1984, the candidates who qualified in the final below the position of 'Miss Venezuela' were announced as 'runners-up', and are officially recognized as such. However, in a few editions, the same finalists were given saches (with the name or prefixing the preposition 'to') of the international contest they had to attend or, in other cases it was simply announced by the presenter. In such cases we have:
| Title | List |
|---|---|
| Miss Young International Venezuela | List
|
| Miss Latinoamérica Venezuela | List
|
| Miss Confraternidad Americana Venezuela | List
|
| Miss Turismo de las Américas Venezuela | List
|
| Miss Turismo Internacional / Miss Turismo Centroamericano y del Caribe Venezuela | |
| Reina Internacional del Mar Venezuela | List
|
| Miss Ámbar del Mundo Venezuela | List
|
| Miss Maja Internacional Venezuela | |
| Miss United Nations Venezuela | List
|
- Notes
- ^ a b Both Alejandra Conde in 2020 and Ariagny Daboín in 2021 won the title of Miss World Venezuela in a separate initial competition within the Miss Venezuela final.
- ^ Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the Miss Universe Organization allowed the designation of representatives by the franchising countries. Luiseth Materán, Top 5 in Miss Venezuela 2020 was designated as Miss Universo Venezuela 2021 on July 2, 2021, being oficially crowned by Mariángel Villasmil during the Miss Venezuela 2021 final on October 28, 2021. Materán particiapted in Miss Universe 2021 finishing as Top 16.
- ^ Ana Carolina Ugarte, Miss Monagas in Miss Venezuela 2013, was designated as Miss Venezuela Mundo 2017 on Octuber 14, 2017, and represented the country in Miss World 2017, where she entered in the Top 40.
- ^ a b Diana Croce, 1st Runner-Up in Miss Venezuela 2016, was designated as Miss Venezuela Mundo 2016 on November 5, 2016, and represented the country in Miss World 2016. Later on, she was designated to represent the country at Miss International 2017, where she finished as 2nd Runner-Up.
- ^ a b c d e f g After a request made by the Miss World Organization, the Miss Venezuela Organization founded a new pageant: Miss Venezuela Mundo (Miss World Venezuela). Pageant that in its first two editions was won by Vanessa Cárdenas in 2000 and Andreína Prieto in 2001, being celebrated with contestants aspiring to be candidadtes for the Miss Venezuela contest of each year. In 2002, the competition was held with the official candidates of Miss Venezuela 2002, during the Gala de la Belleza 2002 (preliminary event to Miss Venezuela), Goizeder Azúa, Miss Carabobo, won the title, for which said band was discarded in the final of Miss Venezuela 2002. In 2006, the contest returned with the participation of 6 candidates from previous editions, Federica Guzmán, Miss Miranda in Miss Venezuela 2001 won the title and represented the country in Miss World 2006. After a hiatus of seven years, the event returned for the third time, being won by Karen Soto in 2013 (Miss Costa Oriental in Miss Venezuela 2010), Debora Menicucci in 2014 (Miss Amazonas in Miss Venezuela 2013) and Anyela Galante in 2015. For a total of seven editions by Miss Venezuela Mundo that have been held independently of Miss Venezuela.
- ^ a b Both José Manuel Flores in 2009 and Jessus Zambrano in 2012 were designated as Mister Venezuela, to represent the country in Mister World 2010 and Mister World 2012, respectively.
- ^ Mister Venezuela 2006 was held with the participation of 6 contestants from previous editions. Vito Gasparrini, Mister Mérida and Top 10 in Mister Venezuela 2003 obtained the title.
- ^ José Ignacio Rodríguez, Mister Venezuela 2005 relinquised his title on September 22, 2006, one day before the celebration of Mister Venezuela 2006, refusing to attend the event in protest due to alleged mistreatment received by the Miss Venezuela Organization and for his inability to participate in Mister World 2007.
- ^ a b Because Miss Venezuela 2003 was held after Miss International 2003. Goizeder Azúa, Miss Venezuela Mundo 2002, after having participated in Miss World 2002, was designated to represent the country in Miss International 2003, obtaining the fourth title for the country.
- ^ a b c In both Miss Venezuela 2001 and Miss Venezuela 2002, only the Venezuelan representative to participate in Miss Universe was chosen. For this reason, Aura Zambrano, 1st Runner-Up in Miss Venezuela 2001 and Cynthia Lander, Miss Venezuela 2001 and later 4th Runner-Up in Miss Universe 2002, were designated to represent the country in Miss International 2001 and Miss International 2002, respectively.
- ^ a b c After Martina Thorogood's participation in Miss World 1999, finishing as 1st Runner-Up, the Miss Universe Organization prohibited Thorogood from attending the contest, requesting the sending of a titleholder as Miss Venezuela. Therefore, on Febraury 26, 2000, the Miss República Bolivariana de Venezuela 2000 was celebrated, a special edition that included the particiaption of 10 candidates from previous editions. The contest was won by Claudia Moreno, who was Top 10 in Miss Venezuela 1999. Moreno participated in Miss Universe 2000 ending as 1st Runner-Up for the fifth time in the history of the country. This whole situation was permanently protested by Norkys Batista, the 1st Runner-Up in Miss Venezuela 1999, first claiming her right to participate in Miss World 1999 and then to Miss Universe 2000.
- ^ a b Originally, Bárbara Pérez, the third place-finisher in Miss Venezuela 1998 titled as Miss International Venezuela 1998 would attend Miss International 1999. However, due to the delay of the competition from September to December 1999, Pérez declined her participation due to student commitments. Her place was replaced by Andreína Llamozas, 2nd Runner-Up in Miss Venezuela 1999.
- ^ a b Because Miss Venezuela 1994 was held only two days before Miss International 1994, Milka Chulina, Miss Venezuela 1992 (who participated in Miss Universe 1993) was appointed to represent the country in said competition, placing in the Top 15.
- ^ From 1987 to 1990, Miss Venezuela was held in February. In 1991, it was decided to hold the contest again in May. Due to this, Miss Venezuela 1991 was held after Miss Universe 1991, which is why Jackeline Rodríguez (Chica 2001 1987, and future candidate for the Miss Venezuela 1991 contest as Miss Miranda) was appointed to represent the country in said edition.
- ^ a b Contrary to the traditional custom of sending the third place-finisher to Miss International. In 1990, Chiquinquirá Delgado, the 3rd place-finisher in Miss Venezuela 1990 titled as Miss Flower Queen Venezuela 1990 was sent to Flower Queen International, a special conest to be held every 50-years in Japan, being organizaed by the same owners of Miss International contest. This is how, Vanessa Holler, the 4th place-finisher titled as Miss International Venezuela 1990 was sent to Miss International 1990.
- ^ a b After María Fernanda Ramírez's disqualification as 2nd Runner-Up in Miss Venezuela 1979, Nina Kors, the original 3rd Runner-Up assumed as 2nd Runner-Up attending Miss Young International 1979, contrary to the traditional custom of sending the third place-finisher to Miss International. Likewise, Nilza Moronta, the original 4th Runner-Up assumed as 3rd Runner-Up attending Miss International 1979.
- ^ a b After Vilma Góliz's disqualification as 1st Runner-Up in Miss Venezuela 1977, Jacqueline van den Branden, the original 2nd Runner-Up assumed as 1st Runner-Up attending Miss World 1977. Likewise, Betty Paredes, the original 3rd Runner-Up assumed as 2nd Runner-Up attending Miss International 1977.
- ^ Elluz Peraza, Miss Venezuela 1976 relinquised her title on May 23, 1976, two days after finals.
- ^ a b c Judith Castillo, the 1st Runner-Up in Miss Venezuela 1976 assumed the Miss Venezuela title after Peraza's resignation. Castillo participated in Miss Universe 1976 ended up as 1st Runner-Up for the second time in the history of the country. On the other hand, María Genoveva Rivero, the original 2nd Runner-Up assumed as 1st Runner-Up attending Miss World 1976. Likewise, Betzabeth Ayala, the original 3rd Runner-Up assumed as 2nd Runner-Up attending Miss International 1976.
- ^ a b Ana Cecilia Ramírez, 2nd Runner-Up in Miss Venezuela 1973, could not participate in Miss International since she was underage, so she ended up going to Miss Young International 1973. On the other hand, Hilda Carrero, 3rd Runner-Up, had to attend Mis Young International but ended up replacing Ramírez in Miss International 1973, placing in the Top 15.
- ^ a b Sonia Ledezma, 2nd Runner-Up in Miss Venezuela 1970 was sent to Miss International 1971, after Piazza's participation in the 1970 edition. As a consequence, Dubravska Purkarevic, 2nd Runner-Up in Miss Venezuela 1971 was not sent to Miss International.
- ^ a b c Marzia Piazza, the 1st Runner-Up in Miss Venezuela 1969 assumed the Miss Venezuela title after Yellici's resignation. Piazza participated in Miss World 1969, and was later designated to compete in Miss International 1970, since the contest was brought forward to May 16, while Miss Venezuela 1970 was held on July 1.
- ^ María José Yellici, Miss Venezuela 1969 relinquised her Miss Venezuela title on October 15, 1969. Yellici came to participate in Miss Universe 1969.
- ^ a b Cecilia Picón-Febres, 2nd Runner-Up in Miss Venezuela 1966 was sent to Miss International 1967, after the cancellation of the 1966 edition. As a consequence, Ingrid Goecke, 2nd Runner-Up in Miss Venezuela 1967 was not sent to Miss International.
- ^ a b c d Contrary to the traditional custom of sending the second place-finisher of Miss Venezuela to Miss World and the third place-finisher to Miss International. In 1961, Bexi Romero, the 2nd Runner-Up was sent to Miss World 1961, while Gloria Lilué, the 1st Runner-Up was sent to Miss International 1961. In 1963, Milagros Galíndez, the 2nd Runner-Up was sent to Miss World 1963, while Norah Luisa Duarte, the 1st Runner-Up was sent to Miss International 1963
- ^ a b c Olga Antonetti, Miss Venezuela 1962 was sent to Miss International 1962 placing in the Top 15, this was supposedly due to her impossibility to participate in Miss Universe because of her minority, although in reality Antonetti was already 18 years old at the time of her election as Miss Venezuela. As Antonetti's replacemnt, Virginia Bailey, the 2nd Runner-Up was sent to Miss Universe 1962. Paradoxically, Bailey was 17 years old at the time of participating in Miss Universe. The real reason for this exchange resided in the good commercial relations maintained by Reinaldo Espinoza Hernández and the recent owners of Miss Venezuela, the Acosta-Rubio family (who had bought the contest in 1962) with the owners of Miss International, who were the original owners of the Miss Universe pageant (1952–1959) while held in Long Beach, California.
- ^ a b c Because Miss Venezuela 1960 was held after Miss Universe 1960, Mary Quiróz Delgado, Miss Yaracuy in Miss Venezuela 1957 was designated to represent the country in Miss Universe 1960. For her part, Gladys Ascanio, Miss Venezuela 1960, competed in the inaugural edition of Miss International at Miss International 1960, placing in the Top 15.
- ^ Miriam Estévez, the 1st Runner-Up in Miss Venezuela 1960 did not attend Miss World 1960 due to cinematographic commitments in the filmning of a feature film in the city of London. For this reason, the 3rd Runner-Up, Aura Rodríguez, was appointed as a representative to Miss World. However, her brother suffered a car accident the day before leaving for London, so she definitively gave up attending the international contest.
- ^ a b Maira Alexandra Rodriguez, Miss Earth Venezuela 2014, participated in Miss Earth 2014 ending as 2nd Runner-Up position, Miss Water 2014, after original delegate for that year, Stephanie de Zorzi, Miss Earth Venezuela 2013, withdrew due to weight issues and being dethroned by the Miss Venezuela Organization. Rodriguez was originally the Venezuelan delegate to Miss Earth 2015. De Zorzi went on to compete in Miss Earth 2016, designated by the Miss Earth Venezuela Organization as its first representative, obtaining the 2nd Runner-Up position as Miss Water 2016.
- ^ Mariángela Bonanni, 1st Runner-Up in Miss Venezuela 2009 was appointed to represent the country in Miss Earth 2010, being the first representative sent to Miss Earth by the Miss Venezuela Organization.
- ^ a b c d e f The contestant was not a finalist, is mentioned only for chronological purposes.
See also
References
- ^ "El "Prince" de la polémica que comandó el Miss Earth Venezuela" [The "Prince" of the controversy that commanded the Miss Earth Venezuela]. El Estimulo (in Spanish). 13 August 2018. Retrieved 4 January 2020.
- ^ Valdez, Maria (30 January 2017). "Miss Universe Winners: Which Country Has Won The Most Titles?". Latin Times. Retrieved 10 January 2019.
- ^ a b "In beleaguered Venezuela, young women use beauty pageants to escape poverty". NBC News. Retrieved 7 July 2018.
- ^ Rodríguez, Albor (2005). Misses de Venezuela: reinas que cautivaron a un país : crónicas reportajes y testimonios del concurso Miss Venezuela (in Spanish). El Nacional. ISBN 978-980-388-206-8.
- ^ "Miss Venezuela", Wikipedia, la enciclopedia libre (in Spanish), 19 April 2023, retrieved 25 April 2023
- ^ . web.archive.org. 8 March 2010. Retrieved 25 April 2023.
- ^ . web.archive.org. 5 April 2001. Retrieved 25 April 2023.
- ^ . web.archive.org. 18 April 2018. Retrieved 25 April 2023.
- ^ . web.archive.org. 18 April 2018. Retrieved 25 April 2023.
- ^ Morkel, Graye. "Only 4 countries have won all Big Four pageant titles - and SA is halfway there!". News24.com. Retrieved 30 July 2022.
- ^ Lo, Ricky. "Philippines 3rd 'winningest' in global pageants". philstar.com. Retrieved 22 May 2020.
- ^ . 3stoogiez. December 2013. Archived from the original on 31 January 2016. Retrieved 13 January 2016.
- ^ . El Mundo. Archived from the original on 8 August 2005. Retrieved 30 July 2005.
- ^ . Nueva Prensa Guayana. Archived from the original on 19 July 2008. Retrieved 15 July 2008.
- ^ "Alexandra Braun obtiene premio en el Festival de Cine International en Londres". Noticias24. 21 February 2018. Retrieved 26 February 2018.
- ^ Martínez, Laura (5 October 2017). "Uma, la película que alzó a Alexandra Braun a las pantallas internacionales" [Uma, the film that lifted Alexandra Braun to international screens]. Venezuela Analitica (in Spanish). Retrieved 26 February 2018.
- ^ "Patricia Velásquez confiesa que se prostituyó para ingresar al Miss Venezuela". Diario La Prensa (in Spanish). Retrieved 17 March 2018.
- ^ "¿Cuánto vale una Miss Venezuela?". Climax. 14 October 2015. Retrieved 17 March 2018.
- ^ Lozano, Daniel (15 March 2018). "Miss Venezuela, envuelto en una trama de prostitución que involucra al chavismo". La Nación (in Spanish). Retrieved 17 March 2018.
- ^ Mozo, Ana Carolina Griffin, Reynaldo (12 November 2017). "Miss Venezuela Pageant: Saints and Beauty Make Toxic Mix". Organized Crime and Corruption Reporting Project. Retrieved 17 March 2018.
- ^ "Cisneros Suspends Miss Venezuela Pageant After Corruption Scandal". Bloomberg.com. 21 March 2018. Retrieved 26 September 2020.
- ^ "Scandal temporarily halts Miss Venezuela". BBC News. 22 March 2018. Retrieved 27 September 2019.
- ^ [They Have Been Miss Venezuela]. bellezavenezolana.net (in Spanish). 8 March 2003. Archived from the original on 8 March 2003. Retrieved 27 September 2019.
- ^ "Designan a Luiseth Materán como Miss Venezuela 2021 e irá al Miss Universo". NTN24 (in Spanish). 2 July 2021. Retrieved 2 July 2021.
- ^ "Ariagny Daboin es la nueva Miss World Venezuela 2021".
- ^ "Alejandra Conde es la nueva representante de Venezuela en el Miss Mundo". Versión Final. 24 September 2020.
- ^ "Isbel Parra sobre su triunfo: Fue el resultado de ir construyendo poco a poco". Diario Primicia (in Spanish). 29 September 2020. Retrieved 8 November 2020.
- ^ http://www.missvenezuela.com/noticias/index.asp?id=201009160001[permanent dead link]
External links
- Miss Venezuela Official Website