Gasteracantha canestrinii O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1879
Gasteracantha columbiae Giebel, 1863
Gasteracantha comstocki Mello-Leitão, 1917
Gasteracantha elliptica Gétaz, 1893
Gasteracantha hilaris Thorell, 1859
Gasteracantha insulana Thorell, 1859
Gasteracantha kochii Butler, 1873
Gasteracantha mammosa C. L. Koch, 1844
Gasteracantha mascula Strand, 1916
Gasteracantha maura McCook, 1894
Gasteracantha moesta Thorell, 1859
Gasteracantha oldendorffii Holmberg, 1876
Gasteracantha pallida C. L. Koch, 1844
Gasteracantha picea C. L. Koch, 1844
Gasteracantha preciosa McCook, 1894
Gasteracantha proboscidea Taczanowski, 1879
Gasteracantha quadridens C. L. Koch, 1844
Gasteracantha raimondii Taczanowski, 1879
Gasteracantha rubiginosa C. L. Koch, 1844
Gasteracantha rufospinosa Marx, 1886
Gasteracantha servillei (Guérin, 1825)
Gasteracantha tetracantha (Linnaeus, 1767)
Gasteracantha velitaris C. L. Koch, 1837
Micrathena triserrata (Walckenaer, 1841)
Plectana atlantica Walckenaer, 1841
Plectana cancriformis (Linnaeus, 1758)
Plectana elipsoides Walckenaer, 1841
Plectana lata (Walckenaer, 1805)
Plectana quinqueserrata Walckenaer, 1841
Plectana servillei (Guérin, 1825)
Plectana sexserrata Walckenaer, 1841
Plectana triserrata Walckenaer, 1841
Plectana velitaris (C. L. Koch, 1837)
Vibradellus carolinus Chamberlin, 1925
The genus name Gasteracantha derives from the Greek words γαστήρ (gaster, "belly") and ἄκανθα (acantha, "thorn"), while the specific epithetcancriformis derives from the Latin words cancer ("crab") and forma ("shape, form, appearance").
Females are 5–9 mm (0.20–0.35 in) long and 10–13 mm (0.39–0.51 in) wide. The six abdominal spine-like projections on the abdomen are characteristic. The carapace, legs, and underside are black with white spots under the abdomen. Variations occur in the colour of the upperside of the abdomen - a white or yellow colour with both featuring black spots. A white upper side can have either red or black spines while a yellow upperside can only have black ones. Like with many other spiders, males are much smaller (2 to 3 mm long) and longer than wide. All morphs have six abdominal spines.[3][4] They are similar to the females in colour, but have a gray abdomen with white spots and the spines are reduced to four or five stubby projections.
This species of spider does not live very long. In fact, the lifespan lasts only until reproduction, which usually takes place in the spring following the winter when they hatched. Females die after producing an egg mass, and males die six days after a complete cycle of sperm induction to the female.
Distribution and habitatedit
G. cancriformis is native to North America, Central America, the Caribbean and South America.[1] It has been introduced elsewhere, including Hawaii. It prefers living around the edge of woodland and shrubby gardens. Many studies about G. cancriformis are performed in citrus groves in Florida.[1][5]
G. cancriformis is seen to coexist within and on the edges of the colonies of other colonial orb-weaver spiders, mainly Metepeira incrassata. M. incrassata is known to form large colonies ranging from few hundreds to few thousands of spiders, and their colonies often accommodate other species of orb-weavers including G. cancriformis.[6]
Taxonomyedit
G. cancriformis has two subspecies, G. c. cancriformis and G. c. gertschi.[7]
^Hodge, Margaret A.; Uetz, George W. (September 1996). "Foraging advantages of mixed-species association between solitary and colonial orb-weaving spiders". Oecologia. 107 (4): 578–587. Bibcode:1996Oecol.107..578H. doi:10.1007/BF00333951. ISSN 0029-8549. PMID 28307403. S2CID 13382984.
^Archer, Allan F. (1941). "Supplement to the Argiopidae of Alabama" (PDF). Geological Survey of Alabama. Museum Paper 18: 23–25.
Further readingedit
Eberhard, William G. (2006): Stabilimenta of Philoponella vicina (Araneae: Uloboridae) and Gasteracantha cancriformis (Araneae: Araneidae): Evidence Against a Prey Attractant Function. Biotropica39(2): 216-220. doi:10.1111/j.1744-7429.2006.00254.x
External linksedit
Media related to Gasteracantha cancriformis at Wikimedia Commons
March 03, 2024
gasteracantha, cancriformis, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, unsourced, material, challenged, removed, find, sources, news, newspapers, books, scholar, jstor. This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Gasteracantha cancriformis news newspapers books scholar JSTOR May 2019 Learn how and when to remove this template message Gasteracantha cancriformis 2 spinybacked orbweaver is a species of orb weaver spider family Araneidae It is widely distributed in the New World 1 Gasteracantha cancriformisFemaleScientific classificationDomain EukaryotaKingdom AnimaliaPhylum ArthropodaSubphylum ChelicerataClass ArachnidaOrder AraneaeInfraorder AraneomorphaeFamily AraneidaeGenus GasteracanthaSpecies G cancriformisBinomial nameGasteracantha cancriformis Linnaeus 1758 1 SynonymsAranea cancriformis Linnaeus 1758 Aranea conchata Slabber 1769 Aranea tetracantha Linnaeus 1767 Dicantha lata Walckenaer 1805 Epeira cancer Hentz 1850 Epeira lata Walckenaer 1805 Epeira servillei Guerin 1825 Gasteracantha biolleyi Banks 1905 Gasteracantha callida O Pickard Cambridge 1879 Gasteracantha canestrinii O Pickard Cambridge 1879 Gasteracantha columbiae Giebel 1863 Gasteracantha comstocki Mello Leitao 1917 Gasteracantha elliptica Getaz 1893 Gasteracantha hilaris Thorell 1859 Gasteracantha insulana Thorell 1859 Gasteracantha kochii Butler 1873 Gasteracantha mammosa C L Koch 1844 Gasteracantha mascula Strand 1916 Gasteracantha maura McCook 1894 Gasteracantha moesta Thorell 1859 Gasteracantha oldendorffii Holmberg 1876 Gasteracantha pallida C L Koch 1844 Gasteracantha picea C L Koch 1844 Gasteracantha preciosa McCook 1894 Gasteracantha proboscidea Taczanowski 1879 Gasteracantha quadridens C L Koch 1844 Gasteracantha raimondii Taczanowski 1879 Gasteracantha rubiginosa C L Koch 1844 Gasteracantha rufospinosa Marx 1886 Gasteracantha servillei Guerin 1825 Gasteracantha tetracantha Linnaeus 1767 Gasteracantha velitaris C L Koch 1837 Micrathena triserrata Walckenaer 1841 Plectana atlantica Walckenaer 1841 Plectana cancriformis Linnaeus 1758 Plectana elipsoides Walckenaer 1841 Plectana lata Walckenaer 1805 Plectana quinqueserrata Walckenaer 1841 Plectana servillei Guerin 1825 Plectana sexserrata Walckenaer 1841 Plectana triserrata Walckenaer 1841 Plectana velitaris C L Koch 1837 Vibradellus carolinus Chamberlin 1925The genus name Gasteracantha derives from the Greek words gasthr gaster belly and ἄkan8a acantha thorn while the specific epithet cancriformis derives from the Latin words cancer crab and forma shape form appearance Contents 1 Description 2 Distribution and habitat 3 Taxonomy 4 Gallery 5 See also 6 References 7 Further reading 8 External linksDescription editThis section includes a list of references related reading or external links but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations Please help to improve this section by introducing more precise citations April 2016 Learn how and when to remove this template message Females are 5 9 mm 0 20 0 35 in long and 10 13 mm 0 39 0 51 in wide The six abdominal spine like projections on the abdomen are characteristic The carapace legs and underside are black with white spots under the abdomen Variations occur in the colour of the upperside of the abdomen a white or yellow colour with both featuring black spots A white upper side can have either red or black spines while a yellow upperside can only have black ones Like with many other spiders males are much smaller 2 to 3 mm long and longer than wide All morphs have six abdominal spines 3 4 They are similar to the females in colour but have a gray abdomen with white spots and the spines are reduced to four or five stubby projections This species of spider does not live very long In fact the lifespan lasts only until reproduction which usually takes place in the spring following the winter when they hatched Females die after producing an egg mass and males die six days after a complete cycle of sperm induction to the female Distribution and habitat editG cancriformis is native to North America Central America the Caribbean and South America 1 It has been introduced elsewhere including Hawaii It prefers living around the edge of woodland and shrubby gardens Many studies about G cancriformis are performed in citrus groves in Florida 1 5 G cancriformis is seen to coexist within and on the edges of the colonies of other colonial orb weaver spiders mainly Metepeira incrassata M incrassata is known to form large colonies ranging from few hundreds to few thousands of spiders and their colonies often accommodate other species of orb weavers including G cancriformis 6 Taxonomy editG cancriformis has two subspecies G c cancriformis and G c gertschi 7 Gallery edit nbsp Eating a butterfly nbsp Ventral view with spinneret visible nbsp In Miami nbsp In Miami Lakes nbsp In Ecuador nbsp In Novo Hamburgo southern Brazilian population with focus on the web source source source source source source source Mating in the Summer nbsp On a tufted web in Houston Texas nbsp Color variation near Houston nbsp Underside of orange specimen showing spinner and thread For scale band in background is 6 mm wide Near Houston nbsp In Molokai Hawaii nbsp Ventral view in North CarolinaSee also editThelacantha brevispina Austracantha minaxReferences edit a b c d Taxon details Gasteracantha cancriformis Linnaeus 1758 World Spider Catalog Natural History Museum Bern retrieved 2016 04 28 Peters A 2002 Gasteracantha cancriformis animaldiversity org Animal Diversity Web Levi 1978 Muma 1971 Peters Annie Gasteracantha cancriformis Animal Diversity Web Retrieved 2021 10 27 Hodge Margaret A Uetz George W September 1996 Foraging advantages of mixed species association between solitary and colonial orb weaving spiders Oecologia 107 4 578 587 Bibcode 1996Oecol 107 578H doi 10 1007 BF00333951 ISSN 0029 8549 PMID 28307403 S2CID 13382984 Archer Allan F 1941 Supplement to the Argiopidae of Alabama PDF Geological Survey of Alabama Museum Paper 18 23 25 Further reading editEberhard William G 2006 Stabilimenta of Philoponella vicina Araneae Uloboridae and Gasteracantha cancriformis Araneae Araneidae Evidence Against a Prey Attractant Function Biotropica 39 2 216 220 doi 10 1111 j 1744 7429 2006 00254 xExternal links edit nbsp Media related to Gasteracantha cancriformis at Wikimedia Commons Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Gasteracantha cancriformis amp oldid 1179675208, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
