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Meat pie

January 01, 1970

A meat pie is a pie with a filling of meat and often with other savory ingredients. They are found in cuisines worldwide.

Meat pie
Chicken and rabbit meat pie
TypeSavory pie
Main ingredientsMeat, pastry
  •   Media: Meat pie
Australian meat pie with tomato sauce

Meat pies are usually baked, fried, or deep fried to brown them and develop the flavour through the Maillard reaction.[1] Many varieties have a flaky crust due to the incorporation of butter to develop a flaky texture when baking.

History edit

The origins of the meat pie have been traced back to the Neolithic period, around 6000 BC.[2] Versions of what are now known as pies were featured on ancient Egyptian tomb walls, and in ancient Greek and Roman texts.[3]

The ancient Egyptians' diet featured basic pies made from oat, wheat, rye, and barley, filled with honey and baked over hot coals.[2] The Greeks used a flour-water paste resembling pie pastry, and filled it with meat.[4] These pies were usually fried or cooked under coals. The Romans adopted the Greek creations, using a variety of meats, oysters, mussels, lampreys, and fish as filling and a mixture of flour, oil, and water for the crust.[4] This 'pastry' cover was not meant to be eaten and was discarded.[3][4]

In Northern Europe, cooks made pastry with lard and butter to make a stiff dough that could hold an upright pie.[5] These medieval pastry dishes were called "coffins/coffyns", that is, a basket or box, and were savory meat pies with the crusts or pastry being tall, straight-sided with sealed-on floors and lids. Open-crust pastry (not tops or lids) were known as "traps." These pies held assorted meats and sauce components and were baked more like a modern casserole with no pan (the crust itself was the pan, its pastry tough and inedible). These crusts were often made several inches thick to withstand many hours of baking.[6]

Some historians[who?] suggest the tough, almost inedible, crust was given to the servants while the lords and ladies of the house ate the contents.[4]

 
A small African-style meat pie

This pastry became a common dish in medieval times, and by the 14th century, came to be called a "pye" or "pie". Between 1387 and 1400, Geoffrey Chaucer wrote, in The Canterbury Tales, of a cook who "koude rooste, and sethe, and broille, and frye / Máken mortreux, and wel bake a pye".[3] The etymology of the word is unknown, but may be related to the magpie (also called "pie"), perhaps because both were spotted, or because the bird collects miscellaneous articles, and almost anything can be wrapped in pastry and cooked.[7][3]

The French and Italians specialized in redefining the pastry of the pie, making it flakier and tastier by new methods of adding butter, rolling, and folding the dough. In 1440, the Paris pastry guild was recognized and started to expand their product—and so something like the modern day crust began to be used.[4]

Pies were not popular in the United States until the 1800s,[dubious – discuss] and today most pies in the United States are meatless and sweet, except for pot pie.[5] In Canada, on the other hand, both English and French meat pie traditions have persisted, notably the iconic tourtière of French Canada.

Regional variations edit

 
Jinyun shaobing, a meat pie originated from Jinyun County, Zhejiang, China
 
Fatayer, a meat pie in Middle Eastern cuisine
 
Lihapiirakka, a meat pie in Finnish cuisine
 
A chicken pie

The Natchitoches meat pie is one of the official state foods of the US state of Louisiana.[8]

The Nigerian meat pie, which evolved from the pasty, can be baked or fried with varied fillings such as minced beef with potatoes and carrots.[9]

Latin American meat empanadas may be pies or more often pasties; different pastry shells and fillings are used, and they may be baked or fried. Empanadas usually contain much onion and green or red pepper, in combination with meat or fish. Empanada dough takes many forms, from those made with cornmeal to puff pastry.[10] Ground beef with olives, fried egg, pulled pork, diced steak, even cheese and salami are used in countries such as Chile, Argentina, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Puerto Rico and Peru.[citation needed]

The Australian version of Irish steak and Guinness pie has a filling of round steak with Guinness Stout Beer, bacon, and onions. It is served with potato chips and vegetables and is popular in Irish pubs. In Australia, the meat pie is a common convenience food often found in petrol stations, pubs, restaurants, bakeries, supermarkets and convenience stores.

Middle Eastern meat pies are called sfiha and contain ground beef, olive oil, plain yogurt, tahini, allspice, onion, tomatoes and pine nuts. Greek meat pies are called kreatopita and contain ground beef, onions and feta cheese. The filling for kreatopita is wrapped in phyllo dough. Indian meat pies are called samosa and usually contain peas, spiced potatoes, coriander, lentils, or ground beef or chicken and are often served with chutney.

In Turkmenistan, a meat pie is called ishlekli or a shepherd's pie. Traditionally, ishlekli was baked by shepherds, who buried it in the hot sand of the Turkmen desert and coals. Today, ishlekli is mostly baked in the oven, but the traditional method is still preserved by the Turkmen shepherds.[11]

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ "Meat Pie". Allrecipes. from the original on 2023-04-23. Retrieved 2023-04-23.
  2. ^ a b Stradley, Linda (19 May 2015). "History of Pies". What's Cooking America. from the original on 3 July 2022. Retrieved 21 July 2022.
  3. ^ a b c d Kelsey-Sugg, Anna; Nobel, Emma (17 July 2022). "The humble pie has come a long way since its crust was a 'coffin'. Here's the centuries-old history of the iconic snack". ABC News (Australia). from the original on 21 July 2022. Retrieved 21 July 2022.
  4. ^ a b c d e Olver, Lynne. "Pie & pastry". The Food Timeline. from the original on 8 August 2018. Retrieved 5 Apr 2011.
  5. ^ a b "A Brief History of Pie". Time. 26 November 2008.
  6. ^ Clarkson, Janet (2009). Pie : a global history. London: Reaktion. ISBN 978-1-86189-425-0. OCLC 302078670. from the original on 2023-07-03. Retrieved 2022-04-12.
  7. ^ Oxford English Dictionary, 3rd edition, s.v. 2023-07-03 at the Wayback Machine
  8. ^ Clairborne, Craig (May 5, 1982). "Turnovers: A Dish With an International Heritage". New York Times.
  9. ^ Komolafe, Yewande. "African Spice: Nigerian Meat Pies".
  10. ^ Casas, Penelope (1982). The Foods and Wines of Spain. New York: Alfred A. Knopf. pp. 52. ISBN 978-0-394-51348-5.
  11. ^ "Мясной пирог - ишлекли - пошаговый рецепт с фото. Автор рецепта Алтынка ". Cookpad (in Russian). from the original on 2021-08-15. Retrieved 2021-08-15.

Bibliography edit

  • "History of Pies". What's Cooking America. 19 May 2015. N.p., n.d. Web. 22 Mar. 2011.

Further reading edit

  • Mack, Robert, ed. (2007). Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-922933-8.

January 01, 1970
meat, meat, with, filling, meat, often, with, other, savory, ingredients, they, found, cuisines, worldwide, chicken, rabbit, meat, pietypesavory, piemain, ingredientsmeat, pastry, media, australian, meat, with, tomato, sauce, usually, baked, fried, deep, fried. A meat pie is a pie with a filling of meat and often with other savory ingredients They are found in cuisines worldwide Meat pieChicken and rabbit meat pieTypeSavory pieMain ingredientsMeat pastry Media Meat pie Australian meat pie with tomato sauce Meat pies are usually baked fried or deep fried to brown them and develop the flavour through the Maillard reaction 1 Many varieties have a flaky crust due to the incorporation of butter to develop a flaky texture when baking Contents 1 History 2 Regional variations 3 See also 4 References 5 Bibliography 6 Further readingHistory editThe origins of the meat pie have been traced back to the Neolithic period around 6000 BC 2 Versions of what are now known as pies were featured on ancient Egyptian tomb walls and in ancient Greek and Roman texts 3 The ancient Egyptians diet featured basic pies made from oat wheat rye and barley filled with honey and baked over hot coals 2 The Greeks used a flour water paste resembling pie pastry and filled it with meat 4 These pies were usually fried or cooked under coals The Romans adopted the Greek creations using a variety of meats oysters mussels lampreys and fish as filling and a mixture of flour oil and water for the crust 4 This pastry cover was not meant to be eaten and was discarded 3 4 In Northern Europe cooks made pastry with lard and butter to make a stiff dough that could hold an upright pie 5 These medieval pastry dishes were called coffins coffyns that is a basket or box and were savory meat pies with the crusts or pastry being tall straight sided with sealed on floors and lids Open crust pastry not tops or lids were known as traps These pies held assorted meats and sauce components and were baked more like a modern casserole with no pan the crust itself was the pan its pastry tough and inedible These crusts were often made several inches thick to withstand many hours of baking 6 Some historians who suggest the tough almost inedible crust was given to the servants while the lords and ladies of the house ate the contents 4 nbsp A small African style meat pie This pastry became a common dish in medieval times and by the 14th century came to be called a pye or pie Between 1387 and 1400 Geoffrey Chaucer wrote in The Canterbury Tales of a cook who koude rooste and sethe and broille and frye Maken mortreux and wel bake a pye 3 The etymology of the word is unknown but may be related to the magpie also called pie perhaps because both were spotted or because the bird collects miscellaneous articles and almost anything can be wrapped in pastry and cooked 7 3 The French and Italians specialized in redefining the pastry of the pie making it flakier and tastier by new methods of adding butter rolling and folding the dough In 1440 the Paris pastry guild was recognized and started to expand their product and so something like the modern day crust began to be used 4 Pies were not popular in the United States until the 1800s dubious discuss and today most pies in the United States are meatless and sweet except for pot pie 5 In Canada on the other hand both English and French meat pie traditions have persisted notably the iconic tourtiere of French Canada Regional variations edit nbsp Jinyun shaobing a meat pie originated from Jinyun County Zhejiang China nbsp Fatayer a meat pie in Middle Eastern cuisine nbsp Lihapiirakka a meat pie in Finnish cuisine nbsp A chicken pie The Natchitoches meat pie is one of the official state foods of the US state of Louisiana 8 The Nigerian meat pie which evolved from the pasty can be baked or fried with varied fillings such as minced beef with potatoes and carrots 9 Latin American meat empanadas may be pies or more often pasties different pastry shells and fillings are used and they may be baked or fried Empanadas usually contain much onion and green or red pepper in combination with meat or fish Empanada dough takes many forms from those made with cornmeal to puff pastry 10 Ground beef with olives fried egg pulled pork diced steak even cheese and salami are used in countries such as Chile Argentina Bolivia Colombia Ecuador Puerto Rico and Peru citation needed The Australian version of Irish steak and Guinness pie has a filling of round steak with Guinness Stout Beer bacon and onions It is served with potato chips and vegetables and is popular in Irish pubs In Australia the meat pie is a common convenience food often found in petrol stations pubs restaurants bakeries supermarkets and convenience stores Middle Eastern meat pies are called sfiha and contain ground beef olive oil plain yogurt tahini allspice onion tomatoes and pine nuts Greek meat pies are called kreatopita and contain ground beef onions and feta cheese The filling for kreatopita is wrapped in phyllo dough Indian meat pies are called samosa and usually contain peas spiced potatoes coriander lentils or ground beef or chicken and are often served with chutney In Turkmenistan a meat pie is called ishlekli or a shepherd s pie Traditionally ishlekli was baked by shepherds who buried it in the hot sand of the Turkmen desert and coals Today ishlekli is mostly baked in the oven but the traditional method is still preserved by the Turkmen shepherds 11 See also edit nbsp Food portal Baozi British Pie Week 4 10 March Clam pie Empanada Fish pie Flipper pie Game pie Hujiao bing Lihapiirakka Meat pie Australia and New Zealand Murcian meat pie Pasty Pate chaud Pie floater Pork pie Pot pie Rabbit pie Rapure Scotch pie Sea pie Shepherd s pie Steak and kidney pie Steak pie TourtiereReferences edit Meat Pie Allrecipes Archived from the original on 2023 04 23 Retrieved 2023 04 23 a b Stradley Linda 19 May 2015 History of Pies What s Cooking America Archived from the original on 3 July 2022 Retrieved 21 July 2022 a b c d Kelsey Sugg Anna Nobel Emma 17 July 2022 The humble pie has come a long way since its crust was a coffin Here s the centuries old history of the iconic snack ABC News Australia Archived from the original on 21 July 2022 Retrieved 21 July 2022 a b c d e Olver Lynne Pie amp pastry The Food Timeline Archived from the original on 8 August 2018 Retrieved 5 Apr 2011 a b A Brief History of Pie Time 26 November 2008 Clarkson Janet 2009 Pie a global history London Reaktion ISBN 978 1 86189 425 0 OCLC 302078670 Archived from the original on 2023 07 03 Retrieved 2022 04 12 Oxford English Dictionary 3rd edition s v Archived 2023 07 03 at the Wayback Machine Clairborne Craig May 5 1982 Turnovers A Dish With an International Heritage New York Times Komolafe Yewande African Spice Nigerian Meat Pies Casas Penelope 1982 The Foods and Wines of Spain New York Alfred A Knopf pp 52 ISBN 978 0 394 51348 5 Myasnoj pirog ishlekli poshagovyj recept s foto Avtor recepta Altynka Cookpad in Russian Archived from the original on 2021 08 15 Retrieved 2021 08 15 Bibliography edit History of Pies What s Cooking America 19 May 2015 N p n d Web 22 Mar 2011 Further reading editMack Robert ed 2007 Sweeney Todd The Demon Barber of Fleet Street Oxford University Press ISBN 978 0 19 922933 8 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Meat pie amp oldid 1221825024, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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