Mauritian Creoles trace their origins to the plantation owners and people who were captured via the slave trade and brought to work the sugar fields. Plantation owners were predominantly of European ancestry while the enslaved people mostly had ancestry from continental Africa.
When slavery was abolished on 1 February 1835, an attempt was made to secure a cheap source of adaptable labour for intensive sugar plantations in Mauritius. Indentured labour began with Indian, Chinese, Malay, African and Malagasy labourers, but ultimately, it was India which supplied the much needed labourers to Mauritius, mainly sugar cane workers. This period of intensive use of Indian labour took place during British rule, with many brutal episodes and a long struggle by the indentured for respect. The term applied to the indentured during this period, and which has since become a derogatory term for Mauritians of Asian descent, was coolie. The island soon became the key-point in the trade of indentured labourers, as thousands of Indians set forth from Calcutta or Karikal; not only did they modify the social, political and economic physiognomies of the island, but some also went farther, to the West Indies.
Indo-Mauritians are descended from Indian immigrants who arrived in the 19th century via the Aapravasi Ghat in order to work as indentured labourers after slavery was abolished in 1835. Included in the Indo-Mauritian community are Hindus (48.5% of the Mauritian population) and Muslims (17.2%) from the Indian subcontinent (figures are from 2011). Christians make up 28% of the population [10] and this figure corresponds to the size of the Mauritian Creole population which is predominantly Christian. The Franco-Mauritian elite controlled nearly all of the large sugar estates and was active in business and banking. As the Indian population became numerically dominant after independence from British rule and the voting franchise was extended, political and economic power shifted from the Franco-Mauritians and their Creole allies to the Indo-Mauritians.
The meeting of a mosaic of people from Europe, India, Africa and China began a process of hybridisation and intercultural frictions and dialogues, which poet Khal Torabully has termed "coolitude".[11] This social reality is a major reference for identity opened to otherness and is widely used in Mauritius where it represents a humanism of diversity.
Subsequent to a Constitutional amendment in 1982, there is no need for Mauritians to reveal their ethnic identities for the purpose of population census. Official statistics on ethnicity are not available. The 1972 census was the last one to measure ethnicity.[12][13]Statistics Mauritius compiles data on religious affiliation every ten years during census.[14]
The Mauritian diaspora consists of Mauritian emigrants and their descendants in various countries around the world, mainly France, Great Britain (United Kingdom), Australia, New Zealand, Canada, Ireland and Belgium.
Given the island's importance for international shipping routes and limited opportunities locally, Mauritian Creole people settled internationally before some of these countries were founded as nations. For example, Mauritians settled on the continent of Australia before federation of the nation.[16] Their ancestors and more recent migrants are now known as Mauritian Australians. Aboriginal people from islands south of the continent likewise settled in Australia.[17]
See also
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Mauritians.
Look up Mauritian in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
^Ministry of Finance & Economic Development (January–June 2012). (PDF). Government of Mauritius. Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 November 2012. Retrieved 8 April 2013. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
^"Table 1.3: Overseas-born population in the United Kingdom by country of birth and sex, January 2020 to December 2020". Office for National Statistics. 17 September 2021. Retrieved 31 March 2022. Figure given is the central estimate. See the source for 95% confidence intervals.
^Erwin Dopf. "UN UK". un.org. Retrieved 12 March 2020.
^Erwin Dopf. "Migration Observatory UK". migrationobservatory.ox.ac.uk. Retrieved 12 March 2020.
^"Canada Census Profile 2021". Census Profile, 2021 Census. Statistics Canada Statistique Canada. 7 May 2021. Retrieved 3 January 2023.
^"Immigrant status and period of immigration by place of birth and citizenship: Canada, provinces and territories and census metropolitan areas with parts". Statistics Canada. Statistics Canada Statistique Canada. 7 May 2021. Retrieved 3 January 2023.
^"United Nations Population Division | Department of Economic and Social Affairs" />>>
^"Mauritius Culture : Language, Religion, Food - Original Travel".
^Khal Torabully, Coolitude: An Anthology of the Indian Labour Diaspora (with Marina Carter, Anthem Press, London, 2002) ISBN1-84331-003-1
^La Redaction (5 June 2008). "A critical appraisal of the Best Loser System". L'Express (Mauritius). Retrieved 11 November 2017.
^M. Rafic Soormally (10 September 2012). . Le Défi Media Group. Archived from the original on 21 January 2015. Retrieved 21 January 2015.
^(PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-05-14. Retrieved 2015-04-26.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
^ ab"The World FactBook - Mauritius", The World Factbook, CIA, retrieved July 12, 2018 This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
^Museums Victoria (2017). "Mauritius. Immigration history from Mauritius to Victoria". origins.museumsvictoria.com.au. Retrieved 2 July 2021.
^Maggie Walter (2006). "Tasmanian aboriginal diaspora. In: The companion to Tasmanian History". utas.edu.au. Retrieved 2 July 2021.
January 07, 2023
mauritians, this, article, uses, bare, urls, which, uninformative, vulnerable, link, please, consider, converting, them, full, citations, ensure, article, remains, verifiable, maintains, consistent, citation, style, several, templates, tools, available, assist. This article uses bare URLs which are uninformative and vulnerable to link rot Please consider converting them to full citations to ensure the article remains verifiable and maintains a consistent citation style Several templates and tools are available to assist in formatting such as Reflinks documentation reFill documentation and Citation bot documentation August 2022 Learn how and when to remove this template message For information on the population of Mauritius see Demographics of Mauritius Mauritians singular Mauritian French Mauricien Creole Morisien are nationals or natives of the Republic of Mauritius and their descendants Mauritius is a multi ethnic society with notable groups of people of South Asian notably Indian Sub Saharan African Mauritian Creoles European European Mauritians and Chinese descent as well those of a mixed background from any combination of the aforementioned ethnic groups MauritiansFlag of MauritiusTotal populationc 1 6 million Mauritian ancestry and citizenship worldwide Regions with significant populations Mauritius1 3 million 1 United Kingdom43 000 2020 estimate 2 3 4 Australia24 329 5 France16 229 2021 6 Canada13 755 by ancestry 7 19 910 by birth 8 South Africa14 043 9 better source needed LanguagesMauritian creoleFrenchEnglishIndianReligionHinduismChristianityIslam Contents 1 History 2 Demographics of Mauritius 3 Mauritian diaspora 4 See also 5 ReferencesHistory EditMauritian Creoles trace their origins to the plantation owners and people who were captured via the slave trade and brought to work the sugar fields Plantation owners were predominantly of European ancestry while the enslaved people mostly had ancestry from continental Africa When slavery was abolished on 1 February 1835 an attempt was made to secure a cheap source of adaptable labour for intensive sugar plantations in Mauritius Indentured labour began with Indian Chinese Malay African and Malagasy labourers but ultimately it was India which supplied the much needed labourers to Mauritius mainly sugar cane workers This period of intensive use of Indian labour took place during British rule with many brutal episodes and a long struggle by the indentured for respect The term applied to the indentured during this period and which has since become a derogatory term for Mauritians of Asian descent was coolie The island soon became the key point in the trade of indentured labourers as thousands of Indians set forth from Calcutta or Karikal not only did they modify the social political and economic physiognomies of the island but some also went farther to the West Indies Indo Mauritians are descended from Indian immigrants who arrived in the 19th century via the Aapravasi Ghat in order to work as indentured labourers after slavery was abolished in 1835 Included in the Indo Mauritian community are Hindus 48 5 of the Mauritian population and Muslims 17 2 from the Indian subcontinent figures are from 2011 Christians make up 28 of the population 10 and this figure corresponds to the size of the Mauritian Creole population which is predominantly Christian The Franco Mauritian elite controlled nearly all of the large sugar estates and was active in business and banking As the Indian population became numerically dominant after independence from British rule and the voting franchise was extended political and economic power shifted from the Franco Mauritians and their Creole allies to the Indo Mauritians The meeting of a mosaic of people from Europe India Africa and China began a process of hybridisation and intercultural frictions and dialogues which poet Khal Torabully has termed coolitude 11 This social reality is a major reference for identity opened to otherness and is widely used in Mauritius where it represents a humanism of diversity Subsequent to a Constitutional amendment in 1982 there is no need for Mauritians to reveal their ethnic identities for the purpose of population census Official statistics on ethnicity are not available The 1972 census was the last one to measure ethnicity 12 13 Statistics Mauritius compiles data on religious affiliation every ten years during census 14 Demographics of Mauritius EditMain article Demographics of Mauritius Ethnic groups of MauritiusEthnic group 15 Percent of populationIndo Mauritian 67 Creoles 28 Sino Mauritian 3 Franco Mauritian 2 Ethnic groups of Mauritius 15 Ethnic group of populationIndo Mauritians 67 Afro Mauritians 28 Sino Mauritians 3 Franco Mauritians 2 Mauritian diaspora EditSee also Mauritian diaspora in the United Kingdom Mauritian diaspora in France and Mauritian diaspora in Australia The Mauritian diaspora consists of Mauritian emigrants and their descendants in various countries around the world mainly France Great Britain United Kingdom Australia New Zealand Canada Ireland and Belgium Given the island s importance for international shipping routes and limited opportunities locally Mauritian Creole people settled internationally before some of these countries were founded as nations For example Mauritians settled on the continent of Australia before federation of the nation 16 Their ancestors and more recent migrants are now known as Mauritian Australians Aboriginal people from islands south of the continent likewise settled in Australia 17 See also Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Mauritians Look up Mauritian in Wiktionary the free dictionary Demographics of Mauritius List of MauritiansReferences Edit Ministry of Finance amp Economic Development January June 2012 Population and vital statistics Republic of Mauritius PDF Government of Mauritius Archived from the original PDF on 19 November 2012 Retrieved 8 April 2013 a href Template Cite journal html title Template Cite journal cite journal a Cite journal requires journal help Table 1 3 Overseas born population in the United Kingdom by country of birth and sex January 2020 to December 2020 Office for National Statistics 17 September 2021 Retrieved 31 March 2022 Figure given is the central estimate See the source for 95 confidence intervals Erwin Dopf UN UK un org Retrieved 12 March 2020 Erwin Dopf Migration Observatory UK migrationobservatory ox ac uk Retrieved 12 March 2020 https www homeaffairs gov au mca files 2016 cis mauritius PDF gt gt Relations bilaterales Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs France Archived from the original on 2022 03 05 Retrieved 8 April 2021 Canada Census Profile 2021 Census Profile 2021 Census Statistics Canada Statistique Canada 7 May 2021 Retrieved 3 January 2023 Immigrant status and period of immigration by place of birth and citizenship Canada provinces and territories and census metropolitan areas with parts Statistics Canada Statistics Canada Statistique Canada 7 May 2021 Retrieved 3 January 2023 United Nations Population Division Department of Economic and Social Affairs gt gt gt Mauritius Culture Language Religion Food Original Travel Khal Torabully Coolitude An Anthology of the Indian Labour Diaspora with Marina Carter Anthem Press London 2002 ISBN 1 84331 003 1 La Redaction 5 June 2008 A critical appraisal of the Best Loser System L Express Mauritius Retrieved 11 November 2017 M Rafic Soormally 10 September 2012 Debate on Best Loser System Le Defi Media Group Archived from the original on 21 January 2015 Retrieved 21 January 2015 Archived copy PDF Archived from the original PDF on 2014 05 14 Retrieved 2015 04 26 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint archived copy as title link a b The World FactBook Mauritius The World Factbook CIA retrieved July 12 2018 This article incorporates text from this source which is in the public domain Museums Victoria 2017 Mauritius Immigration history from Mauritius to Victoria origins museumsvictoria com au Retrieved 2 July 2021 Maggie Walter 2006 Tasmanian aboriginal diaspora In The companion to Tasmanian History utas edu au Retrieved 2 July 2021 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Mauritians amp oldid 1131419716, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
