Maronite Cypriots
Maronite Cypriots are an ethnoreligious group and are members of the Maronite Catholic Archeparchy of Cyprus whose ancestors migrated from the Levant during the Middle Ages. A percentage of them traditionally speak a variety of Arabic known as Cypriot Arabic, in addition to Greek. People speaking this Arabic dialect originate from one village, specifically Kormakitis. As Eastern Catholics of the West Syriac Rite, they are in full communion with the Catholic Church of Rome.
Maronite Cypriots in traditional folk costume | |
| Total population | |
|---|---|
| 13,170 (2021)[1] | |
| Languages | |
| Cypriot Arabic, Cypriot Greek | |
| Religion | |
| Maronite Church - Catholic Christianity | |
| Related ethnic groups | |
| Maronites, Lebanese people, Lebanese Cypriots, Greek Cypriots, Turkish Cypriots, Armenian Cypriots |
As of 2018[update] the Archbishop of Cyprus was Youssef Soueif, born in Chekka, Lebanon on 14 July 1962. He was ordained Archbishop on 6 December 2008 at the Basilica of Our Lady of Lebanon-Harissa by the Patriarch Cardinal Nasrallah Boutros Sfeir. The Mass of Enthronement was held at the Maronite Cathedral of Our Lady of Graces in Nicosia, Cyprus on 21 December 2008. He succeeded the Emeritus Archbishop of Cyprus Boutros Gemayel, who lives in Lebanon.
Legal status edit
Legally defined in the Constitution of Cyprus as a religious group within the Greek Cypriot community, which they chose to join by vote just before independence alongside their fellow Roman Catholics of the Latin Rite and the Armenians. While Maronites are part of the Greek Cypriot electoral register when voting for president and members of the house of representatives, they also vote for a special representative that is not an MP but corresponds to the now non functioning communal chambers of the Greek and Turkish communities.[2]
Demographics edit
In the 13th century there were about 50,000 Maronites in Cyprus, living in 60 villages. The number of Maronites kept declining through the Ottoman rule; 19 Maronite villages were recorded in 1599 by Girolamo Dardini, in 1629, Pietro Vespa records that the community of 1500 Maronites is served by 11 priests, in 8 churches; Giovanni Battista da Todi records 800 Maronites, distributed across 10 villages, and served by 12 priests, in 1647, but fourteen years later, in 1661, he counts only eight villages with Maronite populations 125. In 1669, we find 1,000 souls distributed in 10 villages. Dominique Jauna records a total of 1,000 Maronites and Armenians, around 1747. In 1776, the patriarchate of Lebanon lists 500 Maronites. The 1841 Ottoman census of Talaat Effendi gave a figure of 1,400 Maronites, including 100 in the kaza of Morfou, 1,000 in that of Lapithos-Cérines, 300 in that of Nicosia. In the 1891 census, out of 209,286 Cypriots 1,131 were Maronites, the figure rose to 1,350 in 1921 and 1,704 in 1931.[3][4][5]
Until the Turkish invasion of 1974, the town of Kormakitis was known as a centre of Maronite culture.[6]
According to the 1960 census, there were 2,752 Maronites, mainly in the four northern villages of Kormakitis, Karpaseia, Asomatos, and Agia Marina. Following the hostilities between the Greek and Turkish communities that led to the de facto division of Cyprus, most Maronites dispersed to the south. Only about 150 mostly elderly people remained within Northern Cyprus. As of 2010[update], the total estimated population is about 5,000–6,000, primarily in the southern area of Nicosia.[3][7]
75% of Maronites live in Nicosia, 15% in Limassol, and 5% in Larnaca.[6]
See also edit
References edit
- ^ "Archdiocese of Cipro (Maronite)". Catholic-Hierarchy. David M. Cheney. 17 March 2023.
- ^ . Mercator-Education. Ljouwert/Leeuwarden: European Research Centre on Multilingualism and Language Learning. Archived from the original on 13 February 2010. Retrieved 11 February 2010.
- ^ a b Mirbagheri, Farid (2010). Historical dictionary of Cyprus. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 9780810855267.
- ^ Altın, Işıl; Keser, Ulvi. (PDF). Motif Academy Journal of Ethnology. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 8 March 2015.
- ^ Grivaud, Gilles (1997). "Les minorités orientales à Chypre (époques médiévale et moderne)". Chypre et la Méditerranée orientale. p. 57.
- ^ a b Phrankesku, Marianna; Hadjukyra, Alexander-Michaēl (2012). The Maronites of Cyprus. Press and Information Office. Republic of Cyprus. ISBN 978-9963-50-168-7.
- ^ Spinthourakis, Julia-Athena; et al. (November 2008). (PDF). Department of Elementary Education. University of Patras. p. 4. Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 July 2011. Retrieved 11 February 2010.
External links edit