This article is about the river rising in central-western Afghanistan. For the river rising in the Wakhan District of northeastern Afghanistan which is also called "Murghab River" in its upper reaches, see Bartang.
The Marghab River originates in the Ghor Province of central Afghanistan, on a plateau among the chain of mountains of Paropamisus, Gharjistan and Band-i Turkestan. In its higher course, the river runs from east to west, towards Mukhamedkhan, for about 300 kilometres (190 mi) in a narrow, steep valley measuring less than one kilometer in width, with narrow gorges in some places.
Between Darband-i Kilrekht and Mukhammedkhan, the Marghab crosses the western part of Band-i Turkestan, and then runs toward the northwest in a deep canyon. At Mukhammedkhan, it crosses the gorges of Jaokar. After this, the valley widens somewhat, gradually reaching a width of 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) in Turkmenistan. Beyond Mukhamedkhan, a small portion of the water of the Marghab is used for irrigation; approximately 10,000 hectares (25,000 acres) are irrigated from the Marghab in Afghanistan. The Marghab receives the waters of the Kaysar river on the right, then forms the border between Turkmenistan and Afghanistan over a 16-kilometre (10 mi) length.
In the territory of Turkmenistan, close to Tagtabazar, the Marghab receives the Kashan River from the left bank, and 25 kilometres (16 mi) further, there is the confluence of the Kushk. Downstream of the confluence with the Kushk lies the Saryyazy reservoir, built in 1959, and expanded in 1978. The reservoir and its surrounding area is ecologically important for birds.[5] Reaching the oasis of Mary, the Marghab mingles its waters with those of the Karakum Canal, a diversion of water from the Amu Darya.
The fertile Marghab Valley in Afghanistan
A bridge across the Marghab in 1962
The generators of Hindu Kush hydro power plant (Гиндукушская ГЭС) on Marghab River soon after its completion in 1909 by the HungarianGanz Works. At the time, it was the largest hydro power generating station of the Russian Empire
Hydrometry: the flows at Tagtabazaredit
The flow of Marghab was observed during 50 years (1936–85) at Tagtabazar, a location in Turkmenistan about 30 kilometres (19 mi) after the Marghab leaves the Afghan territory, and a score of kilometers upstream of the confluence with the Kushk.[6] At Tagtabazar, average annual flow observed over this period was 48.7 cubic metres per second (1,720 cu ft/s) for an observed surface area of 34,700 square kilometres (13,400 sq mi), which is 74 percent of the totality of the catchment area of the river. The geographically-averaged hydrometric flow passing through this part of the basin, by far greatest from the point of view of the flow, thus reached the figure of 44.3 millimeters per annual, which is very appreciable in this particularly desiccated area.
Monthly mean flows of Murghab (in cubic meters per second) measured at the hydrometric station of Tagtabazar Data calculated over 50 years
A 2021 study indicates that in the near term (by 2040), the Marghab's flow could fall by as much as one-third due to climate change, and by 40 percent by the end of the 21st century.[7]
Referencesedit
^Rawlinson, George (January 19, 2018). A Short History of Persia. Ozymandias Press. ISBN9781531277079 – via Google Books.
^Strange, G. Le (June 16, 2011). The Lands of the Eastern Caliphate. Cambridge University Press. ISBN9781107600140 – via Google Books.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Murghab River.
Murgap river (Murghab river) marked on the OpenStreetMap
Morghab River, in Encyclopædia Britannica
Map of the province of Ghor, with trace of the flow of water 29 June 2006 at the Wayback Machine
Map of vegetation cover in the province of Badghis, with trace of the flow of water 29 June 2006 at the Wayback Machine
"Delft Hydraulics - Integrated Water Resources Management for the Sistan Closed Inland Delta - ANNEX B : Forecasting the Flow from Afghanistan - Page 18 : cartes hydrographiques d'Afghanistan" (PDF).[permanent dead link](1.50 MB)(in English)
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This article is about the river rising in central western Afghanistan For the river rising in the Wakhan District of northeastern Afghanistan which is also called Murghab River in its upper reaches see Bartang The Marghab River Persian Pashto مرغاب Morqab Balochi مرگاپ anciently the Margiana Ancient Greek Margianh Margianḗ is an 850 kilometre 530 mi long river in Central Asia It rises in the Paropamisus Mountains Selseleh ye Safid Kuh in Ghor Province flows through the Marghab District in central Afghanistan then runs northwest towards the Bala Murghab Reaching the oasis of Mary in the Karakum Desert of Turkmenistan the Marghab debouches into the Karakum Canal a diversion of water from the Amu Darya The catchment area of the Marghab is estimated at 46 880 square kilometres 18 100 sq mi 4 Marghab RiverMurghab Margab Murqab Margos Margu Margiana MurgapThe Marghab in the Badghis ProvinceMarghab River watershed upstream of Saryyazy Reservoir Interactive map EtymologyPersian Marv ab River of Merv 1 2 Native nameمرغاب Persian Morqab Pashto مرگاپ Balochi LocationCountriesAfghanistan TurkmenistanPhysical characteristicsSource locationSelseleh ye Safid Kuh Marghab District Afghanistan coordinates35 09 N 65 59 E 35 15 N 65 99 E 35 15 65 99Mouth locationMary Oasis ultimately the Aral Sea via Amu Darya Length 850 km 530 mi Basin size34 700 km2 13 400 sq mi Harirod Murghab basin 3 Discharge average48 7 m3 s 1 720 cu ft s Basin featuresRiver systemAmu Darya Contents 1 Geography 2 Hydrometry the flows at Tagtabazar 3 References 4 External linksGeography editThe Marghab River originates in the Ghor Province of central Afghanistan on a plateau among the chain of mountains of Paropamisus Gharjistan and Band i Turkestan In its higher course the river runs from east to west towards Mukhamedkhan for about 300 kilometres 190 mi in a narrow steep valley measuring less than one kilometer in width with narrow gorges in some places Between Darband i Kilrekht and Mukhammedkhan the Marghab crosses the western part of Band i Turkestan and then runs toward the northwest in a deep canyon At Mukhammedkhan it crosses the gorges of Jaokar After this the valley widens somewhat gradually reaching a width of 2 kilometres 1 2 mi in Turkmenistan Beyond Mukhamedkhan a small portion of the water of the Marghab is used for irrigation approximately 10 000 hectares 25 000 acres are irrigated from the Marghab in Afghanistan The Marghab receives the waters of the Kaysar river on the right then forms the border between Turkmenistan and Afghanistan over a 16 kilometre 10 mi length In the territory of Turkmenistan close to Tagtabazar the Marghab receives the Kashan River from the left bank and 25 kilometres 16 mi further there is the confluence of the Kushk Downstream of the confluence with the Kushk lies the Saryyazy reservoir built in 1959 and expanded in 1978 The reservoir and its surrounding area is ecologically important for birds 5 Reaching the oasis of Mary the Marghab mingles its waters with those of the Karakum Canal a diversion of water from the Amu Darya nbsp The fertile Marghab Valley in Afghanistan nbsp A bridge across the Marghab in 1962 nbsp The generators of Hindu Kush hydro power plant Gindukushskaya GES on Marghab River soon after its completion in 1909 by the Hungarian Ganz Works At the time it was the largest hydro power generating station of the Russian EmpireHydrometry the flows at Tagtabazar editThe flow of Marghab was observed during 50 years 1936 85 at Tagtabazar a location in Turkmenistan about 30 kilometres 19 mi after the Marghab leaves the Afghan territory and a score of kilometers upstream of the confluence with the Kushk 6 At Tagtabazar average annual flow observed over this period was 48 7 cubic metres per second 1 720 cu ft s for an observed surface area of 34 700 square kilometres 13 400 sq mi which is 74 percent of the totality of the catchment area of the river The geographically averaged hydrometric flow passing through this part of the basin by far greatest from the point of view of the flow thus reached the figure of 44 3 millimeters per annual which is very appreciable in this particularly desiccated area Monthly mean flows of Murghab in cubic meters per second measured at the hydrometric station of TagtabazarData calculated over 50 years A 2021 study indicates that in the near term by 2040 the Marghab s flow could fall by as much as one third due to climate change and by 40 percent by the end of the 21st century 7 References edit Rawlinson George January 19 2018 A Short History of Persia Ozymandias Press ISBN 9781531277079 via Google Books Strange G Le June 16 2011 The Lands of the Eastern Caliphate Cambridge University Press ISBN 9781107600140 via Google Books https www moore af MediaLibsAndFiles media afghanistan moore global com files Research 17 Afghanistan Water Management pdf bare URL PDF Surface water resources in North Afghanistan Archived from the original on July 23 2011 BirdLife Data Zone Retrieved 2023 11 20 UNESCO Bassin du Murghab Station Takhta Bazar Archived 2016 03 03 at the Wayback Machine Didovets Iulii Lobanova Anastasia Krysanova Valentina Menza Christoph Babagalieva Zhanna Nurbatsina Aliya Gavrilenko Nadejda Khamidov Vohid Umirbekov Atabek Qodirov Sobir Muhyyew Dowletgeldi Hattermann Fred Fokko April 2021 Central Asian rivers under climate change Impacts assessment in eight representative catchments Journal of Hydrology Regional Studies 34 100779 100779 Bibcode 2021JHyRS 3400779D doi 10 1016 j ejrh 2021 100779 hdl 10419 229441 S2CID 233532220 External links edit nbsp Wikisource has the text of the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica article Murghab nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Murghab River Murgap river Murghab river marked on the OpenStreetMap Morghab River in Encyclopaedia Britannica Map of the province of Ghor with trace of the flow of waterArchived 29 June 2006 at the Wayback Machine Map of vegetation cover in the province of Badghis with trace of the flow of waterArchived 29 June 2006 at the Wayback Machine Delft Hydraulics Integrated Water Resources Management for the Sistan Closed Inland Delta ANNEX B Forecasting the Flow from Afghanistan Page 18 cartes hydrographiques d Afghanistan PDF permanent dead link 1 50 MB in English 36 26 47 N 62 38 06 E 36 44639 N 62 63500 E 36 44639 62 63500 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Marghab River amp oldid 1210090934, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
