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Margaret Chung

April 15, 2024

This article is about the Chinese-American doctor. For the Chinese-Canadian actress, see Margaret Chung (actress).

Margaret Jessie Chung (Chinese: 張瑪珠, (1889-10-02)October 2, 1889 – (1959-01-05)January 5, 1959), born in Santa Barbara, California, was the first known American-born Chinese female physician. After graduating from the University of Southern California Medical School[1] in 1916 and completing her internship and residency in Illinois, she established one of the first Western medical clinics in San Francisco's Chinatown in the early 1920s.

Margaret Jessie Chung
Margaret "Mom" Chung in 1914
Born(1889-10-02)October 2, 1889
Santa Barbara, California
DiedJanuary 5, 1959(1959-01-05) (aged 69)
San Francisco, California
Other names"Mom" Chung
Occupation(s)Surgeon, philanthropist
Years activeBeginning in 1916
Known forFirst Chinese-American female physician; "adopting" 1,500+ servicemen in World War II; helped found the WAVES
Chinese name
Chinese張瑪珠
Simplified Chinese张玛珠
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinZhāng Mǎzhū
Yue: Cantonese
JyutpingZoeng1 Maa5 Zyu1

Early life edit

Chung was born in Santa Barbara, the eldest of eleven children.[2][3] Her father was the foreman of the Rancho Guadalasca in Ventura County, but the family moved to Los Angeles by 1902.[2] Chung's parents became sick, and she supported the family and helped to raise her younger siblings from when she was ten.[4]

In 1905, Chung was noted in the Los Angeles Herald as a promising student and for her planned future career as a newspaper reporter.[5] She was noted in the Herald again in 1906 for her poem "Missionary Giving," delivered at the eighteenth anniversary of the Los Angeles Congregational Chinese mission.[6] Chung would write and deliver a paper entitled "Comparisons of Chinese and American Costumes" at the first anniversary of the Pasadena Congregational mission in 1907.[7] By that fall, Chung had graduated from the eighth grade at the Seventh Street School[8] and enrolled in the preparatory school at USC, being hailed as a "bright particular star" of the women's gymnasium class.[9] In 1910, Chung won second place in a speech contest.[10]

Women of every nation, every country, should learn medicine, so that they can teach the women of their countries and their races how to care for themselves and their children—how to improve the coming generation.

— Margaret Chung, Los Angeles Herald profile, 1914[11]

Chung won a Los Angeles Times scholarship to study at USC by selling newspaper subscriptions and worked her way through college as a waitress, a seller of surgical instruments, and by winning cash prizes in several speech contests.[2] In 1909, Chung graduated from USC.[12] Chung enrolled in the medical school in 1911, according to a 1914 profile that noted her belief that she was "the first Chinese girl to enter a medical school in this state."[11]

Professional career edit

 
Dr. Chung with a Lockheed P-38 Lightning model and photos of some of her recruits

After graduating with a medical degree in 1916, she was initially denied positions as either a medical missionary to China[13][14] or an internship and settled for work as a surgical nurse in Los Angeles, at the Santa Fe Railroad Hospital.[2] After several months, she left for Chicago, interning at the Mary Thompson Women's and Children's Hospital before serving her residency at the nearby Kankakee State Hospital.[2][15] Chung would serve as the resident assistant in psychiatry for the first Juvenile Psychopathic Institute of the State of Illinois at the Cook County Hospital in 1917;[16] she was later appointed state criminologist for Illinois.[14] After two years in Illinois, Chung resigned from her position with Cook County in November 1918[17] and returned to Los Angeles following her father's death, accepting a position as a surgeon at Santa Fe Railroad Hospital,[2][18] where she would go on to treat celebrities, including removing Mary Pickford's tonsils.[4]

Chung moved to San Francisco's Chinatown in 1922,[4] where she opened an office.[19] She treated the local Chinese American population as well as celebrities such as Sophie Tucker, Helen Hayes, and Tallulah Bankhead.[2] She also treated seven Navy reserve pilots during this time; part of her care was making them meals, and they reportedly soon began calling themselves "Mom Chung's Fair-Haired Bastard Sons" as a tribute to her.[2] An alternative origin story for the "Mom Chung" nickname is that after eight pilots came to her in 1932, volunteering their services for China against Japan, she turned them down and fed them instead because "they looked starved". The pilots "ate everything she gave them, except eggs" because when they were destitute, the only vendor who would lend the pilots food on credit was an egg farmer.[20] Prior to the United States entry into World War II, Chung would give her "adopted son" pilots a jade Buddha to wear around their necks,[21] which would become a token by which the pilots would recognize each other throughout the world.[2] Non-aviation naval officers "adopted" by Chung were called "Golden Dolphins."[2]

When Japan invaded China in 1937, Chung volunteered as a front-line surgeon,[3][22] but she was secretly assigned instead to recruit pilots for the 1st American Volunteer Group, better known as the "Flying Tigers."[2] During the war, Chung would serve up to 175 people at Thanksgiving at her house and wrapped and addressed 4,000 gifts at Christmas.[23] Her houseguests included high ranking officers and US senators and congressmen; leaning on these connections, she helped establish the Women Accepted for Volunteer Emergency Service although she was not permitted to join them, as the government suspected that she was gay.[4] Mom Chung adopted the entire VF-2 squadron, nicknamed "The Rippers" for their logo, which showed a Chinese dragon ripping a flag.[24] VF-2 was assigned to USS Enterprise (CV-6)[25] and would set an American record by shooting down 67 Japanese planes in a single day during the Great Marianas Turkey Shoot in June 1944.[24]

In 1947, 90% of Chung's medical patients were white.[26] She retired from medical practice within ten years after the end of World War II, and her "adopted sons" purchased a house for her in Marin County.[2]

Underworld activities edit

By the early 1950s, Chung was involved with Virginia Hill, girlfriend of Bugsy Siegel, in the opium traffic in San Francisco.[27]

Death edit

 
Signing the TBM "Mom Chung" on May 30, 2013

Chung died of cancer in January 1959 at Franklin Hospital in San Francisco.[23][20] Among her pallbearers was Admiral Chester W. Nimitz, one of her "Golden Dolphins."[2]

Personal relationships edit

A pioneer in both professional and political realms, Chung led an unconventional personal life. As the only woman in her class,[2] she adopted masculine dress and called herself "Mike," but after having established a professional practice she reverted to conventional dress and her female name.

Based on personal correspondence, she had close and apparently intense relationships with at least two other women,[28] the writer Elsa Gidlow and entertainer Sophie Tucker, that some writers have speculated were romantic.[13] Although she was briefly engaged, she never married.

An advocate of strong Sino-American relations, Chung was a neighbor, friend, and confidante of travel writer Richard Halliburton (1900–1939),[29] who died in an attempt to sail the junk Sea Dragon, as a symbol of the bond of East and West, from Hong Kong to the 1939 Golden Gate International Exposition in San Francisco.

Military "sons" edit

Some of the notable "sons" of "Mom" Chung included:[14][30]

Commemorations edit

Chung reportedly served as inspiration for the character of Dr. Mary Ling in the 1939 film King of Chinatown, portrayed by Anna May Wong.[2]

At least three Flying Fortresses were named "Mama Chung" in her honor by her "adopted" sons during World War II.[31]

Chung was commemorated with a plaque in the Legacy Walk project on October 11, 2012,[32] an outdoor public display which celebrates LGBT history and people.[33]

A tunnel boring machine for the San Francisco Municipal Railway's Central Subway was named "Mom Chung" on March 7, 2013.[34]

References edit

  1. ^ . Bamboo Productions. Archived from the original on January 9, 2019. Retrieved March 10, 2017.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Rasmussen, Cecilia (June 24, 2001). "Chinese American Was 'Mom' to 1,000 Servicemen". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved March 10, 2017.
  3. ^ a b McMenamin, William (August 23, 1937). "Chinese Woman Physician Seeks War Zone Service". San Bernardino Sun. United Press. Retrieved March 10, 2017.
  4. ^ a b c d "Doctor Margaret "Mom" Chung". West Adams Heritage. Retrieved March 10, 2017.
  5. ^ "Chinese Girl to Become Reporter". Los Angeles Herald. October 10, 1905. Retrieved March 14, 2020.
  6. ^ "Chinese assist in exercises". Los Angeles Herald. March 5, 1906. Retrieved March 10, 2017.
  7. ^ "Chinese celebrate first anniversary". Los Angeles Herald. May 8, 1907. Retrieved March 10, 2017.
  8. ^ "Graduates from public schools". Los Angeles Herald. February 8, 1907. Retrieved March 10, 2017. [...] essay, "Comparison of American and Chinese Habits and Customs," Margaret Chung [...] Those to be graduated are: Margaret Chung, Berta Miller, Josephine Sayers, Harold Gaston, Glenn Smith, Clarence Wilson.
  9. ^ "Margaret Chung, Edith Romig and Lillian Pressman". Los Angeles Herald. November 24, 1907. Retrieved March 10, 2017.
  10. ^ "Chinese girl secures second prize in debate". Los Angeles Herald. March 5, 1910. Retrieved March 10, 2017.
  11. ^ a b "Chinese girl here studying medicine". Los Angeles Herald. October 14, 1914. Retrieved March 10, 2017.
  12. ^ Smith, Icy (2001). The Lonely Queue: The Forgotten History of The Courageous Chinese Americans in Los Angeles. East West Discovery Press. ISBN 0-9701654-1-2. Retrieved December 14, 2018.
  13. ^ a b c Wu, Judy Tzu-Chun (2005). Doctor Mom Chung of the Fair-Haired Bastards: The Life of a Wartime Celebrity. Berkeley, California: University of California Press. ISBN 978-0520938922. Retrieved March 10, 2017.
  14. ^ a b c Morganti, Mary; Otani, Janice; Peterson, Erin (September 2000). "Guide to the Margaret Chung Papers (AAS ARC 2000/3)" (PDF). Online Archive of California. University of California at Berkeley, Ethnic Studies Library. Retrieved March 13, 2017.
  15. ^ "Dr. Chung, 69, known as 'mom' to vets, dies". Chicago Tribune. January 6, 1959. Retrieved March 16, 2017.
  16. ^ Adler, Herman M. (March 31, 1918). "The Juvenile Psychopathic Institute and the work of the Division of the Criminologist". The Institution Quarterly. IX (1). Department of Public Welfare, State of Illinois: 5–13. Retrieved March 16, 2017. Dr. Margaret J. Chung, a graduate of the University of Southern California Medical School, having taken Dr. Singer's course for assistant physicians at Kankakee, and having passed the civil service examination, has been appointed resident assistant in psychiatry, the Board of County Commissioners of Cook County having granted maintenance for one resident.
  17. ^ White, Leonard D. (March 1923). "The Status of Scientific Research in Illinois by State Agencies Other than the University of Illinois". Bulletin of the National Research Council. 5 (29). The National Research Council of The National Academy of Sciences: 67. Retrieved March 16, 2017.
  18. ^ "Mary Thompson Hospital Bulletin". The Woman's Medical Journal. XXIX (6): 126. June 1919. Retrieved March 16, 2017. Dr. Margaret Chung, who recently gave up the position of assistant psychiatrist to the Juvenile Psychopathic Institute at Chicago in order to go to France, is now in Los Angeles doing work with the Santa Fe Railway.
  19. ^ Alexandra, Rae (August 27, 2021). "The Chinese-American Doctor Who Raised Hell—and 1,500 WW2 Servicemen". KQED. Retrieved May 31, 2022.
  20. ^ a b "Dr. 'Mom' Chung death grieved by flyers". Coronado Journal. January 15, 1959. Retrieved March 10, 2017.
  21. ^ "Dr. Margaret Chung". Desert Sun. November 7, 1947. Retrieved March 10, 2017.
  22. ^ "Sino-Japanese War "Spreads" to the West Coast". Madera Tribune. August 24, 1937. Retrieved March 10, 2017.
  23. ^ a b Miller, Johnny (January 4, 2009). "Margaret Chung, a one-woman USO in WWII". San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved March 10, 2017.
  24. ^ a b "Fliers of Mom Chung Return". Madera Tribune. October 4, 1944. Retrieved March 10, 2017.
  25. ^ "The Third Fighting Two". VFA-2. United States Navy. 2016. Retrieved March 10, 2017.
  26. ^ Gunther, John (1947). Inside U.S.A. New York, London: Harper & Brothers. p. 46.
  27. ^ Peter Dale Scott, Asia-Pacific Journal Japan Focus, 1 Nov. 2010, Volume 8 | Issue 44 | Number 2, "Operation Paper: The United States and Drugs in Thailand and Burma" 米国とタイ・ビルマの麻薬
  28. ^ "Encyclopedia of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender History in America". Retrieved November 29, 2014.
  29. ^ Max, Gerry (2007). Horizon Chasers: The Lives and Adventures of Richard Halliburton and Paul Mooney. Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Company, Inc. p. 129. ISBN 978-0786426713. Retrieved March 10, 2017. At the time [Chung] lived at the top of Telegraph Hill, at 1407 Montgomery Street, which offered matchless views of both the Bay Bridge and Treasure Island. Halliburton either lived briefly in the same building or received mail through Dr. Chung.
  30. ^ "Margaret Chung papers, 1933–1958 (bulk 1942–1944), AAS ARC 2000/3". Online Archive of California. University of California at Berkeley, Ethnic Studies Library. 1933. Retrieved March 13, 2017.
  31. ^ "Dr. Margaret Chung, San Francisco physician, is called "Mother of Aviators"". Madera Tribune. July 22, 1943. Retrieved March 10, 2017. Some of her boys named a Flying Fortress "Mama Chung III," "Mama Chung I" and "Mama Chung II" having been shot down during bombing raids.
  32. ^ Salvo, Victor. "Margaret Chung Plaque Image". The Legacy Project. Retrieved November 29, 2014.
  33. ^ Salvo, Victor. "2012 Inductees". The Legacy Project. Retrieved November 29, 2014.
  34. ^ "Introducing Big Alma and Mom Chung, the Central Subway's tunnel boring machines". Central Subway (blog) (Press release). San Francisco Municipal Transit Agency. March 7, 2013. Retrieved March 10, 2017.

Bibliography edit

  • Harris, Gloria G.; Cohen, Hannah S. (2012). "6. Doctors and Dentists — Margaret 'Mom' Chung: First Chinese American Physician in California". Women Trailblazers of California: Pioneers to the Present. Charleston, SC: The History Press. pp. 93–107 [104–07]. ISBN 978-1609496753. Retrieved September 23, 2020.
  • Max, Gerry (2007). Horizon Chasers: The Lives and Adventures of Richard Halliburton and Paul Mooney. Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Company, Inc. pp. 129, 178, 191. ISBN 978-0786426713. Retrieved March 10, 2017.
  • Wu, Judy Tzu-Chun (2005). Doctor Mom Chung of the Fair-Haired Bastards: The Life of a Wartime Celebrity. Berkeley, California: University of California Press. ISBN 978-0520938922. Retrieved March 10, 2017.

External links edit

  • Wu, Judy Tzu-Chun (2005). . The Ohio State University. Archived from the original on March 6, 2005. Retrieved March 22, 2017.
  • "Celebrities and Notables View Lily Pons Home at Housewarming". Desert Sun. January 13, 1955. Retrieved March 10, 2017.
  • Crawford, Hildy (January 13, 1955). "Fabulous Jam Session is Climax of Housewarming". Desert Sun. Retrieved March 10, 2017.
  • "Arriving at Palm Springs Airport". Desert Sun. January 28, 1958. Retrieved March 10, 2017.
  • "Mom Chung Visiting In Village". Desert Sun. January 28, 1958. Retrieved March 10, 2017.

April 15, 2024
margaret, chung, this, article, about, chinese, american, doctor, chinese, canadian, actress, actress, margaret, jessie, chung, chinese, 張瑪珠, 1889, october, 1889, 1959, january, 1959, born, santa, barbara, california, first, known, american, born, chinese, fem. This article is about the Chinese American doctor For the Chinese Canadian actress see Margaret Chung actress Margaret Jessie Chung Chinese 張瑪珠 1889 10 02 October 2 1889 1959 01 05 January 5 1959 born in Santa Barbara California was the first known American born Chinese female physician After graduating from the University of Southern California Medical School 1 in 1916 and completing her internship and residency in Illinois she established one of the first Western medical clinics in San Francisco s Chinatown in the early 1920s Margaret Jessie ChungMargaret Mom Chung in 1914Born 1889 10 02 October 2 1889Santa Barbara CaliforniaDiedJanuary 5 1959 1959 01 05 aged 69 San Francisco CaliforniaOther names Mom ChungOccupation s Surgeon philanthropistYears activeBeginning in 1916Known forFirst Chinese American female physician adopting 1 500 servicemen in World War II helped found the WAVESChinese nameChinese張瑪珠Simplified Chinese张玛珠TranscriptionsStandard MandarinHanyu PinyinZhang MǎzhuYue CantoneseJyutpingZoeng1 Maa5 Zyu1 Contents 1 Early life 2 Professional career 3 Underworld activities 4 Death 5 Personal relationships 5 1 Military sons 6 Commemorations 7 References 7 1 Bibliography 8 External linksEarly life editChung was born in Santa Barbara the eldest of eleven children 2 3 Her father was the foreman of the Rancho Guadalasca in Ventura County but the family moved to Los Angeles by 1902 2 Chung s parents became sick and she supported the family and helped to raise her younger siblings from when she was ten 4 In 1905 Chung was noted in the Los Angeles Herald as a promising student and for her planned future career as a newspaper reporter 5 She was noted in the Herald again in 1906 for her poem Missionary Giving delivered at the eighteenth anniversary of the Los Angeles Congregational Chinese mission 6 Chung would write and deliver a paper entitled Comparisons of Chinese and American Costumes at the first anniversary of the Pasadena Congregational mission in 1907 7 By that fall Chung had graduated from the eighth grade at the Seventh Street School 8 and enrolled in the preparatory school at USC being hailed as a bright particular star of the women s gymnasium class 9 In 1910 Chung won second place in a speech contest 10 Women of every nation every country should learn medicine so that they can teach the women of their countries and their races how to care for themselves and their children how to improve the coming generation Margaret Chung Los Angeles Herald profile 1914 11 Chung won a Los Angeles Times scholarship to study at USC by selling newspaper subscriptions and worked her way through college as a waitress a seller of surgical instruments and by winning cash prizes in several speech contests 2 In 1909 Chung graduated from USC 12 Chung enrolled in the medical school in 1911 according to a 1914 profile that noted her belief that she was the first Chinese girl to enter a medical school in this state 11 Professional career edit nbsp Dr Chung with a Lockheed P 38 Lightning model and photos of some of her recruitsAfter graduating with a medical degree in 1916 she was initially denied positions as either a medical missionary to China 13 14 or an internship and settled for work as a surgical nurse in Los Angeles at the Santa Fe Railroad Hospital 2 After several months she left for Chicago interning at the Mary Thompson Women s and Children s Hospital before serving her residency at the nearby Kankakee State Hospital 2 15 Chung would serve as the resident assistant in psychiatry for the first Juvenile Psychopathic Institute of the State of Illinois at the Cook County Hospital in 1917 16 she was later appointed state criminologist for Illinois 14 After two years in Illinois Chung resigned from her position with Cook County in November 1918 17 and returned to Los Angeles following her father s death accepting a position as a surgeon at Santa Fe Railroad Hospital 2 18 where she would go on to treat celebrities including removing Mary Pickford s tonsils 4 Chung moved to San Francisco s Chinatown in 1922 4 where she opened an office 19 She treated the local Chinese American population as well as celebrities such as Sophie Tucker Helen Hayes and Tallulah Bankhead 2 She also treated seven Navy reserve pilots during this time part of her care was making them meals and they reportedly soon began calling themselves Mom Chung s Fair Haired Bastard Sons as a tribute to her 2 An alternative origin story for the Mom Chung nickname is that after eight pilots came to her in 1932 volunteering their services for China against Japan she turned them down and fed them instead because they looked starved The pilots ate everything she gave them except eggs because when they were destitute the only vendor who would lend the pilots food on credit was an egg farmer 20 Prior to the United States entry into World War II Chung would give her adopted son pilots a jade Buddha to wear around their necks 21 which would become a token by which the pilots would recognize each other throughout the world 2 Non aviation naval officers adopted by Chung were called Golden Dolphins 2 When Japan invaded China in 1937 Chung volunteered as a front line surgeon 3 22 but she was secretly assigned instead to recruit pilots for the 1st American Volunteer Group better known as the Flying Tigers 2 During the war Chung would serve up to 175 people at Thanksgiving at her house and wrapped and addressed 4 000 gifts at Christmas 23 Her houseguests included high ranking officers and US senators and congressmen leaning on these connections she helped establish the Women Accepted for Volunteer Emergency Service although she was not permitted to join them as the government suspected that she was gay 4 Mom Chung adopted the entire VF 2 squadron nicknamed The Rippers for their logo which showed a Chinese dragon ripping a flag 24 VF 2 was assigned to USS Enterprise CV 6 25 and would set an American record by shooting down 67 Japanese planes in a single day during the Great Marianas Turkey Shoot in June 1944 24 In 1947 90 of Chung s medical patients were white 26 She retired from medical practice within ten years after the end of World War II and her adopted sons purchased a house for her in Marin County 2 Underworld activities editThis section s factual accuracy is disputed Relevant discussion may be found on the talk page Please help to ensure that disputed statements are reliably sourced February 2022 Learn how and when to remove this template message By the early 1950s Chung was involved with Virginia Hill girlfriend of Bugsy Siegel in the opium traffic in San Francisco 27 Death edit nbsp Signing the TBM Mom Chung on May 30 2013Chung died of cancer in January 1959 at Franklin Hospital in San Francisco 23 20 Among her pallbearers was Admiral Chester W Nimitz one of her Golden Dolphins 2 Personal relationships editA pioneer in both professional and political realms Chung led an unconventional personal life As the only woman in her class 2 she adopted masculine dress and called herself Mike but after having established a professional practice she reverted to conventional dress and her female name Based on personal correspondence she had close and apparently intense relationships with at least two other women 28 the writer Elsa Gidlow and entertainer Sophie Tucker that some writers have speculated were romantic 13 Although she was briefly engaged she never married An advocate of strong Sino American relations Chung was a neighbor friend and confidante of travel writer Richard Halliburton 1900 1939 29 who died in an attempt to sail the junk Sea Dragon as a symbol of the bond of East and West from Hong Kong to the 1939 Golden Gate International Exposition in San Francisco Military sons edit Some of the notable sons of Mom Chung included 14 30 Albert B Chandler Sr no 98 Governor and U S Senator from Kentucky William F Bull Halsey no 600 Fleet Admiral of the United States Navy Andre Kostelanetz no 434 conductor Melvin Maas no 447 Major General of the United States Marine Corps and U S Representative from Minnesota Chester W Nimitz no 100 Fleet Admiral of the United States Navy Russell Randall Brigadier General of the United States Army Air Forces Ronald Reagan no 131 actor and President Walter F Schlech Jr no 108 Rear Admiral and Chief of Military Sealift Command United States Navy William Sterling Parsons Rear Admiral and bomb commander of Enola Gay 13 Raymond E Willis no 124 U S Senator from IndianaCommemorations editChung reportedly served as inspiration for the character of Dr Mary Ling in the 1939 film King of Chinatown portrayed by Anna May Wong 2 At least three Flying Fortresses were named Mama Chung in her honor by her adopted sons during World War II 31 Chung was commemorated with a plaque in the Legacy Walk project on October 11 2012 32 an outdoor public display which celebrates LGBT history and people 33 A tunnel boring machine for the San Francisco Municipal Railway s Central Subway was named Mom Chung on March 7 2013 34 References edit Mom Chung Bamboo Productions Archived from the original on January 9 2019 Retrieved March 10 2017 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Rasmussen Cecilia June 24 2001 Chinese American Was Mom to 1 000 Servicemen Los Angeles Times Retrieved March 10 2017 a b McMenamin William August 23 1937 Chinese Woman Physician Seeks War Zone Service San Bernardino Sun United Press Retrieved March 10 2017 a b c d Doctor Margaret Mom Chung West Adams Heritage Retrieved March 10 2017 Chinese Girl to Become Reporter Los Angeles Herald October 10 1905 Retrieved March 14 2020 Chinese assist in exercises Los Angeles Herald March 5 1906 Retrieved March 10 2017 Chinese celebrate first anniversary Los Angeles Herald May 8 1907 Retrieved March 10 2017 Graduates from public schools Los Angeles Herald February 8 1907 Retrieved March 10 2017 essay Comparison of American and Chinese Habits and Customs Margaret Chung Those to be graduated are Margaret Chung Berta Miller Josephine Sayers Harold Gaston Glenn Smith Clarence Wilson Margaret Chung Edith Romig and Lillian Pressman Los Angeles Herald November 24 1907 Retrieved March 10 2017 Chinese girl secures second prize in debate Los Angeles Herald March 5 1910 Retrieved March 10 2017 a b Chinese girl here studying medicine Los Angeles Herald October 14 1914 Retrieved March 10 2017 Smith Icy 2001 The Lonely Queue The Forgotten History of The Courageous Chinese Americans in Los Angeles East West Discovery Press ISBN 0 9701654 1 2 Retrieved December 14 2018 a b c Wu Judy Tzu Chun 2005 Doctor Mom Chung of the Fair Haired Bastards The Life of a Wartime Celebrity Berkeley California University of California Press ISBN 978 0520938922 Retrieved March 10 2017 a b c Morganti Mary Otani Janice Peterson Erin September 2000 Guide to the Margaret Chung Papers AAS ARC 2000 3 PDF Online Archive of California University of California at Berkeley Ethnic Studies Library Retrieved March 13 2017 Dr Chung 69 known as mom to vets dies Chicago Tribune January 6 1959 Retrieved March 16 2017 Adler Herman M March 31 1918 The Juvenile Psychopathic Institute and the work of the Division of the Criminologist The Institution Quarterly IX 1 Department of Public Welfare State of Illinois 5 13 Retrieved March 16 2017 Dr Margaret J Chung a graduate of the University of Southern California Medical School having taken Dr Singer s course for assistant physicians at Kankakee and having passed the civil service examination has been appointed resident assistant in psychiatry the Board of County Commissioners of Cook County having granted maintenance for one resident White Leonard D March 1923 The Status of Scientific Research in Illinois by State Agencies Other than the University of Illinois Bulletin of the National Research Council 5 29 The National Research Council of The National Academy of Sciences 67 Retrieved March 16 2017 Mary Thompson Hospital Bulletin The Woman s Medical Journal XXIX 6 126 June 1919 Retrieved March 16 2017 Dr Margaret Chung who recently gave up the position of assistant psychiatrist to the Juvenile Psychopathic Institute at Chicago in order to go to France is now in Los Angeles doing work with the Santa Fe Railway Alexandra Rae August 27 2021 The Chinese American Doctor Who Raised Hell and 1 500 WW2 Servicemen KQED Retrieved May 31 2022 a b Dr Mom Chung death grieved by flyers Coronado Journal January 15 1959 Retrieved March 10 2017 Dr Margaret Chung Desert Sun November 7 1947 Retrieved March 10 2017 Sino Japanese War Spreads to the West Coast Madera Tribune August 24 1937 Retrieved March 10 2017 a b Miller Johnny January 4 2009 Margaret Chung a one woman USO in WWII San Francisco Chronicle Retrieved March 10 2017 a b Fliers of Mom Chung Return Madera Tribune October 4 1944 Retrieved March 10 2017 The Third Fighting Two VFA 2 United States Navy 2016 Retrieved March 10 2017 Gunther John 1947 Inside U S A New York London Harper amp Brothers p 46 Peter Dale Scott Asia Pacific Journal Japan Focus 1 Nov 2010 Volume 8 Issue 44 Number 2 Operation Paper The United States and Drugs in Thailand and Burma 米国とタイ ビルマの麻薬 Encyclopedia of Lesbian Gay Bisexual and Transgender History in America Retrieved November 29 2014 Max Gerry 2007 Horizon Chasers The Lives and Adventures of Richard Halliburton and Paul Mooney Jefferson NC McFarland amp Company Inc p 129 ISBN 978 0786426713 Retrieved March 10 2017 At the time Chung lived at the top of Telegraph Hill at 1407 Montgomery Street which offered matchless views of both the Bay Bridge and Treasure Island Halliburton either lived briefly in the same building or received mail through Dr Chung Margaret Chung papers 1933 1958 bulk 1942 1944 AAS ARC 2000 3 Online Archive of California University of California at Berkeley Ethnic Studies Library 1933 Retrieved March 13 2017 Dr Margaret Chung San Francisco physician is called Mother of Aviators Madera Tribune July 22 1943 Retrieved March 10 2017 Some of her boys named a Flying Fortress Mama Chung III Mama Chung I and Mama Chung II having been shot down during bombing raids Salvo Victor Margaret Chung Plaque Image The Legacy Project Retrieved November 29 2014 Salvo Victor 2012 Inductees The Legacy Project Retrieved November 29 2014 Introducing Big Alma and Mom Chung the Central Subway s tunnel boring machines Central Subway blog Press release San Francisco Municipal Transit Agency March 7 2013 Retrieved March 10 2017 Bibliography edit Harris Gloria G Cohen Hannah S 2012 6 Doctors and Dentists Margaret Mom Chung First Chinese American Physician in California Women Trailblazers of California Pioneers to the Present Charleston SC The History Press pp 93 107 104 07 ISBN 978 1609496753 Retrieved September 23 2020 Max Gerry 2007 Horizon Chasers The Lives and Adventures of Richard Halliburton and Paul Mooney Jefferson NC McFarland amp Company Inc pp 129 178 191 ISBN 978 0786426713 Retrieved March 10 2017 Wu Judy Tzu Chun 2005 Doctor Mom Chung of the Fair Haired Bastards The Life of a Wartime Celebrity Berkeley California University of California Press ISBN 978 0520938922 Retrieved March 10 2017 External links editWu Judy Tzu Chun 2005 The Chung Family Album The Ohio State University Archived from the original on March 6 2005 Retrieved March 22 2017 Celebrities and Notables View Lily Pons Home at Housewarming Desert Sun January 13 1955 Retrieved March 10 2017 Crawford Hildy January 13 1955 Fabulous Jam Session is Climax of Housewarming Desert Sun Retrieved March 10 2017 Arriving at Palm Springs Airport Desert Sun January 28 1958 Retrieved March 10 2017 Mom Chung Visiting In Village Desert Sun January 28 1958 Retrieved March 10 2017 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Margaret Chung amp oldid 1189203834, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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