Mard ō mard (Middle Persian; literally "man to man") was an ancient Iranian tradition of single combat, the Sasanian Empire being most known for using it. During a battle, the Sasanian troops would use taunts and war cries to provoke the enemy into a single duel with a Sasanian champion. The tradition meant much to the Sasanians—in 421, during Bahram V's war against the Romans in 421–422, Ardazanes, a member of the "Immortals", was in a single duel killed by the Roman comesAreobindus, which contributed to Bahram V's acceptance of the defeat in the war and making peace with the Romans.[1][2]
The Sogdian "Kulagysh plate", depicting a heroic single combat scene leading to the death of both sides
Single combats have been narrated in Shahnameh ("The Book of Kings") of Ferdowsi, a notable example being those of the story of Davazdah Rokh ("Twelve Combats").
^Rawlinson, George. The Seven Great Monarchies of the Ancient Eastern World, Vol 7. (of 7): The Sassanian the History, Geography and Antiquities of Chaldaea, Assyria, Babylon, Media, Persia, Parthia and Sassanian or New Persian Empire. Library of Alexandria. pp. 442–443. ISBN978-1-4655-0672-6.
^Charles, Michael (1 January 2011). "The Sassanian immortals". Iranica Antiqua. 46: 289–313. doi:10.2143/IA.46.0.2084423.
^"ARMY i. Pre-Islamic Iran – Encyclopaedia Iranica". www.iranicaonline.org. Retrieved 25 February 2020.
Shapur Shahbazi, A. (1986). "Army i. Pre-Islamic Iran". Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. II, Fasc. 5. London et al. pp. 489–499.{{cite encyclopedia}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
January 01, 1970
mard, mard, mard, mard, middle, persian, literally, ancient, iranian, tradition, single, combat, sasanian, empire, being, most, known, using, during, battle, sasanian, troops, would, taunts, cries, provoke, enemy, into, single, duel, with, sasanian, champion, . Mard ō mard Middle Persian literally man to man was an ancient Iranian tradition of single combat the Sasanian Empire being most known for using it During a battle the Sasanian troops would use taunts and war cries to provoke the enemy into a single duel with a Sasanian champion The tradition meant much to the Sasanians in 421 during Bahram V s war against the Romans in 421 422 Ardazanes a member of the Immortals was in a single duel killed by the Roman comes Areobindus which contributed to Bahram V s acceptance of the defeat in the war and making peace with the Romans 1 2 The Sogdian Kulagysh plate depicting a heroic single combat scene leading to the death of both sides In Sasanian art several mard o mard depictions are preserved in rock reliefs in Naqsh e Rostam and in a cameo of Shapur I and Valerian 3 Single combats have been narrated in Shahnameh The Book of Kings of Ferdowsi a notable example being those of the story of Davazdah Rokh Twelve Combats In the Second Perso Turkic War the Sasanian commander Smbat IV Bagratuni possibly killed the Hephthalite leader in single combat 4 References edit Rawlinson George The Seven Great Monarchies of the Ancient Eastern World Vol 7 of 7 The Sassanian the History Geography and Antiquities of Chaldaea Assyria Babylon Media Persia Parthia and Sassanian or New Persian Empire Library of Alexandria pp 442 443 ISBN 978 1 4655 0672 6 Charles Michael 1 January 2011 The Sassanian immortals Iranica Antiqua 46 289 313 doi 10 2143 IA 46 0 2084423 ARMY i Pre Islamic Iran Encyclopaedia Iranica www iranicaonline org Retrieved 25 February 2020 Garsoian Nina 2005 07 20 SMBAT BAGRATUNI Encyclopaedia Iranica Iranicaonline org Sources editNicolle David 1996 Sassanian Armies the Iranian Empire Early 3rd to Mid 7th Centuries AD Stockport Montvert ISBN 978 1 874101 08 6 Shapur Shahbazi A 1986 Army i Pre Islamic Iran Encyclopaedia Iranica Vol II Fasc 5 London et al pp 489 499 a href Template Cite encyclopedia html title Template Cite encyclopedia cite encyclopedia a CS1 maint location missing publisher link Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Mard o mard amp oldid 1202318737, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
