Manwoldae (Korean: 만월대; Hanja: 滿月臺; lit. Full Moon Platform), or Mangwoldae (망월대; 望月臺), was the main palace of the Goryeo Dynasty of Korea. It did not have an official name, such as "Gyeongbokgung" (the main palace of the Joseon Dynasty), because it was an imperial palace like the imperial palaces of China (e.g. "大內", "皇城").[1][2] Located in the Goryeo capital of Kaesong (now in North Korea), the palace was burned in 1011, 1126, 1171, 1225, and 1362.[3] The name "Manwoldae" was given to the ruins of the palace during the 14th or 15th century of the Joseon period.[2]
Construction on the palace began in 919, at the beginning of the Goryeo Dynasty; it was built south of the Songak Mountains for good Feng Shui. The palace was divided into two major sections; the Kungsŏng (궁성, 宮城), where the king and royal family resided, and the Hwangsŏng (황성, 皇城), where affairs of state were conducted. Large buildings such as the Changhwa (장화전, 長和殿), and Wŏndŏk (원덕전, 元德殿) Halls contained shrines and living quarters, while Hoegyŏng Hall (회경전, 會慶殿), the largest and most impressive, contained the throne room. The complex also contained a stone astronomy tower known as the Chŏmsŏngdae (첨성대, 瞻星臺), which was used by royal astrologers. The palace was burned to the ground in 1361 when the Red Turbans invaded and sacked the city of Kaesong, forcing the king to temporary flee Andong.[4] Contemporary records describe the palace to as containing buildings of immense proportions similar to the building sizes found in the Forbidden City. The architectural style and decoration is said to have followed the uniquely Korean royal color palette called Dancheong, which is seen in other Korean palaces that still stand today. However, Mandoldae Palace is described to have contained many multistory buildings, more gold embellishments, and blue and white colours, as compared to the surviving palaces from Korea's more recent Confucian Joseon Dynasty, which stressed humility and restrain in all things. Therefore, Manwoldae gives us valuable insight into another distinct form of Korean palace architecture that had been forgotten due to foreign invasions. During the Sunjong's travel of Kaesung, he visited the palace on 31 January 1909.[5]
Descriptionedit
The palace is thought to have had blue celadon roof tiles, similar to other excavated tiles dating from the same period.[6]
Excavations and findingsedit
Manwoldae as it appears today
Excavation of the ruins of Manwoldae Palace began under the supervision of the North Korean government, but merged into a joint Korean cultural project. Many valuable relics of the late Goryeo period have been uncovered at the site, including ceramics, metal items, ancestral tablets, mirrors, and over 3,000 roofing tiles. It is on a list of locations planned by North Korea to become UNESCOWorld Heritage Sites.[4] As of 2015, both Koreas have conducted six rounds of joint excavations of the site since 2007; the 2015 round of excavations will last 6 months, the longest excavation period to date.[7]
A 25 cm celadon jar with an inlaid monkey and tree design in an underglaze of gold found at the site is held at the National Museum of Korea.[8]
Excavation at the site uncovered a "unique" two-feet vase-like cylinder made from celadon. The object’s function was still unclear as of June 2015. The vase-like object bears an intricate pattern of peonies and vines and used to have holes at the top and bottom; it was speculated to have been a flower pot or a vessel used for some ceremonial purpose. A modern South Korean celadon maker explains "the piece is unique because of its size. Due to the nature of the celadon ceramics, an object of this size would be very difficult to bake properly, even more difficult than smaller items that often emerge broken or bent from the furnace."[9]
In November 2015, the excavation had unearthed a piece of metal type, with initial reports dating it from Goryeo Dynasty, but it requires further study to verify when it was made.[10] Researchers hope to radiocarbon date the object. They are to study when it was made, what kind of font was used, and what it is made of. There are traces of ink on the type.[11]
^. National Museum of Korea. 2014. Archived from the original on October 19, 2014. Retrieved September 26, 2014.
^"Koreas launch joint survey of palace site". Yonhap News Agency. Seoul. June 4, 2015. Retrieved August 25, 2015.
^"Celadon Jar with Inlaid Monkey and Tree Design in Underglaze Gold". National Museum of Korea. 2014. Archived from the original on September 27, 2014. Retrieved September 26, 2014.
^Slav, Irina (June 7, 2015). "North and South Korea Resume Work at Koryo Palace Dig". New Historian. Retrieved August 25, 2015.
^"(LEAD) Metal piece found at Seoul-Pyongyang joint excavation site". Yonhap News Agency. November 30, 2015. Retrieved June 30, 2016.
^"Ancient Metal Type Found in Kaesong". The Chosun Ilbo. December 1, 2015. Retrieved June 30, 2016.
manwoldae, korean, 만월대, hanja, 滿月臺, full, moon, platform, mangwoldae, 망월대, 望月臺, main, palace, goryeo, dynasty, korea, have, official, name, such, gyeongbokgung, main, palace, joseon, dynasty, because, imperial, palace, like, imperial, palaces, china, 大內, 皇城, l. Manwoldae Korean 만월대 Hanja 滿月臺 lit Full Moon Platform or Mangwoldae 망월대 望月臺 was the main palace of the Goryeo Dynasty of Korea It did not have an official name such as Gyeongbokgung the main palace of the Joseon Dynasty because it was an imperial palace like the imperial palaces of China e g 大內 皇城 1 2 Located in the Goryeo capital of Kaesong now in North Korea the palace was burned in 1011 1126 1171 1225 and 1362 3 The name Manwoldae was given to the ruins of the palace during the 14th or 15th century of the Joseon period 2 ManwoldaeKim Hong do painting Kyehoe on Site of ManwoldaeKorean nameChosŏn gŭl만월대Hancha滿月臺Revised RomanizationManwoldaeMcCune ReischauerManwŏltae Contents 1 History 2 Description 3 Excavations and findings 4 See also 5 ReferencesHistory editConstruction on the palace began in 919 at the beginning of the Goryeo Dynasty it was built south of the Songak Mountains for good Feng Shui The palace was divided into two major sections the Kungsŏng 궁성 宮城 where the king and royal family resided and the Hwangsŏng 황성 皇城 where affairs of state were conducted Large buildings such as the Changhwa 장화전 長和殿 and Wŏndŏk 원덕전 元德殿 Halls contained shrines and living quarters while Hoegyŏng Hall 회경전 會慶殿 the largest and most impressive contained the throne room The complex also contained a stone astronomy tower known as the Chŏmsŏngdae 첨성대 瞻星臺 which was used by royal astrologers The palace was burned to the ground in 1361 when the Red Turbans invaded and sacked the city of Kaesong forcing the king to temporary flee Andong 4 Contemporary records describe the palace to as containing buildings of immense proportions similar to the building sizes found in the Forbidden City The architectural style and decoration is said to have followed the uniquely Korean royal color palette called Dancheong which is seen in other Korean palaces that still stand today However Mandoldae Palace is described to have contained many multistory buildings more gold embellishments and blue and white colours as compared to the surviving palaces from Korea s more recent Confucian Joseon Dynasty which stressed humility and restrain in all things Therefore Manwoldae gives us valuable insight into another distinct form of Korean palace architecture that had been forgotten due to foreign invasions During the Sunjong s travel of Kaesung he visited the palace on 31 January 1909 5 Description editThe palace is thought to have had blue celadon roof tiles similar to other excavated tiles dating from the same period 6 Excavations and findings edit nbsp Manwoldae as it appears today Excavation of the ruins of Manwoldae Palace began under the supervision of the North Korean government but merged into a joint Korean cultural project Many valuable relics of the late Goryeo period have been uncovered at the site including ceramics metal items ancestral tablets mirrors and over 3 000 roofing tiles It is on a list of locations planned by North Korea to become UNESCO World Heritage Sites 4 As of 2015 both Koreas have conducted six rounds of joint excavations of the site since 2007 the 2015 round of excavations will last 6 months the longest excavation period to date 7 A 25 cm celadon jar with an inlaid monkey and tree design in an underglaze of gold found at the site is held at the National Museum of Korea 8 Excavation at the site uncovered a unique two feet vase like cylinder made from celadon The object s function was still unclear as of June 2015 The vase like object bears an intricate pattern of peonies and vines and used to have holes at the top and bottom it was speculated to have been a flower pot or a vessel used for some ceremonial purpose A modern South Korean celadon maker explains the piece is unique because of its size Due to the nature of the celadon ceramics an object of this size would be very difficult to bake properly even more difficult than smaller items that often emerge broken or bent from the furnace 9 In November 2015 the excavation had unearthed a piece of metal type with initial reports dating it from Goryeo Dynasty but it requires further study to verify when it was made 10 Researchers hope to radiocarbon date the object They are to study when it was made what kind of font was used and what it is made of There are traces of ink on the type 11 See also editNational Treasures of North Korea Anhak Palace GyeongbokgungReferences edit 김왕직 2007 궁궐 알기 쉬운 한국건축 용어사전 in Korean 동녘 출판사 ISBN 9788972975267 Retrieved 5 April 2019 a b Korean History Society 2002 고려의 황도 개경 in Korean 창비 pp 44 46 ISBN 9788936482213 Retrieved 5 April 2019 이강근 정궁 正宮 우리역사넷 National Institute of Korean History Retrieved 5 April 2019 a b Chung Ah young 2009 01 04 Ancient Site of Goryeo Palace Unveiled The Korea Times Retrieved 2009 02 17 주한일본공사관문서 12 皇帝 歸路 開城에서 還宮까지의 상황 Celadon Concave Roof end Tile with Scroll Design in Relief National Museum of Korea 2014 Archived from the original on October 19 2014 Retrieved September 26 2014 Koreas launch joint survey of palace site Yonhap News Agency Seoul June 4 2015 Retrieved August 25 2015 Celadon Jar with Inlaid Monkey and Tree Design in Underglaze Gold National Museum of Korea 2014 Archived from the original on September 27 2014 Retrieved September 26 2014 Slav Irina June 7 2015 North and South Korea Resume Work at Koryo Palace Dig New Historian Retrieved August 25 2015 LEAD Metal piece found at Seoul Pyongyang joint excavation site Yonhap News Agency November 30 2015 Retrieved June 30 2016 Ancient Metal Type Found in Kaesong The Chosun Ilbo December 1 2015 Retrieved June 30 2016 37 59 0 960 N 126 32 26 880 E 37 98360000 N 126 54080000 E 37 98360000 126 54080000 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Manwoldae amp oldid 1221735325, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
