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Manchuria Aviation Company

January 01, 1970

Manchuria Aviation Company[1][2][3] (traditional Chinese/Kyūjitai: 滿洲航空株式會社; simplified Chinese: 满州航空株式会社; Shinjitai: 満州航空株式会社; Hanyu Pinyin: Mǎnzhōu Hángkōng Zhūshì Huìshè; Wade–Giles: Man3-chou1 Hang2-k'ung1 Chu1-shih4 Hui4-she4 Japanese Hepburn: Manshū Kōkū Kabushiki-gaisha, "MKKK") was the national airline of Manchukuo.

Manchuria Aviation Company
滿洲航空株式會社
Mǎnzhōu Hángkōng Zhūshì Huìshè
Manshū Kōkū Kabushiki-gaisha
IATA ICAO Callsign
RH N/A ?
FoundedSeptember 26, 1931 (1931-09-26)
Fengtian, Manchukuo
Ceased operationsAugust 1945 (1945-08)
HubsXinjing
Harbin
Focus citiesMukden
DestinationsDomestic, Empire of Japan, Germany, Spain
Parent companyGovernment of Manchukuo
South Manchuria Railway
Sumitomo Group
HeadquartersMukden, Manchukuo
Manchukuo Air Transport Company roundel.

Manchuria Aviation Company was established on 26 September 1931 in Fengtian by order of the Japanese Kwantung Army, out of the Manchurian branch office of Japan Air Transport, the forerunner of Imperial Japanese Airways. It officially adopted the name Manchuria Aviation Company on the proclamation of the independence of Manchukuo. Major shareholders were the Manchukuo government, the South Manchurian Railway Company and the Sumitomo zaibatsu.

From the beginning, the Manchuria Aviation Company was a paramilitary airline, whose primary purpose was to provide transport and logistical support for the military, and for the transport of mail. Civilian passengers were carried and charter operations undertaken on a lower priority.

In 1936, an "Independent Volunteer Battalion" of the MKKK consisting of 13 aircraft fought on the side of the Inner Mongolian Army against Kuomintang-held Suiyuan.[4]

The airline had a "hub" in Xinjing and was linked by regular flight routes from Harbin, Shamussi (Jiamusi), Jilin, Mukden, Andong, Jinzhou, Chengde, Qiqihar, Hailar, and the Kwantung Leased Territory and Korea areas, for connections with Imperial Japanese Airways (Dai Nippon Koku KK) to Japan itself or foreign routes. A long distance route between Hsinking and Berlin was also pioneered in 1938.

Manchukuo Airlines luggage tag advertising the Ju-86
Xinjing Airport

The repair shops of the MKKK produced copies of the Fokker Super Universal (Nakajima Ki-6) and the De Havilland DH.80 "Pussmoth"

The Manchuria Aviation Company ceased operations in August 1945 during the Soviet invasion of Manchuria. However, wartime fuel and equipment shortages had previously curtailed its operations considerably. Remaining aircraft, goods and equipment were confiscated, to the benefit of the Soviet Union and Chinese Communist Party, after the conflict.

Fleet edit

Accidents and incidents edit

References edit

Notes
  1. ^ Francis Clifford Jones: Manchuria since 1931. Royal Institute of International Affairs, London 1949, S. 120.
  2. ^ Philip S. Jowett: Rays of the Rising Sun. Armed Forces of Japan's Asian Allies 1931-45. Volume 1: China & Manchukuo. Helion & Company Ltd., Solihull 2004, ISBN 1-874622-21-3, S. 90.
  3. ^ Togo Sheba (Hrsg.): The Manchoukou Year Book 1941. The Manchoukou Year Book Co., Hsinking 1941.
  4. ^ Jowett 2005, pp. 90.
Bibliography
  • Jowett, Philip S. (2005). Rays of the rising sun, Volume 1: Japan's Asian Allies 1931-45, China and Manchukuo. Solihull: Helion & Company Ltd. ISBN 1-874622-21-3.
  • Mikesh, Richard C. and Shorzoe Abe. Japanese Aircraft, 1910-1941. London: Putnam Aeronautical Books, 1990. ISBN 0-85177-840-2.

January 01, 1970
manchuria, aviation, company, traditional, chinese, kyūjitai, 滿洲航空株式會社, simplified, chinese, 满州航空株式会社, shinjitai, 満州航空株式会社, hanyu, pinyin, mǎnzhōu, hángkōng, zhūshì, huìshè, wade, giles, man3, chou1, hang2, ung1, chu1, shih4, hui4, she4, japanese, hepburn, man. Manchuria Aviation Company 1 2 3 traditional Chinese Kyujitai 滿洲航空株式會社 simplified Chinese 满州航空株式会社 Shinjitai 満州航空株式会社 Hanyu Pinyin Mǎnzhōu Hangkōng Zhushi Huishe Wade Giles Man3 chou1 Hang2 k ung1 Chu1 shih4 Hui4 she4 Japanese Hepburn Manshu Kōku Kabushiki gaisha MKKK was the national airline of Manchukuo Manchuria Aviation Company 滿洲航空株式會社Mǎnzhōu Hangkōng Zhushi HuisheManshu Kōku Kabushiki gaishaIATA ICAO Callsign RH N A FoundedSeptember 26 1931 1931 09 26 Fengtian ManchukuoCeased operationsAugust 1945 1945 08 HubsXinjingHarbinFocus citiesMukdenDestinationsDomestic Empire of Japan Germany SpainParent companyGovernment of ManchukuoSouth Manchuria RailwaySumitomo GroupHeadquartersMukden Manchukuo Manchukuo Air Transport Company roundel Manchuria Aviation Company was established on 26 September 1931 in Fengtian by order of the Japanese Kwantung Army out of the Manchurian branch office of Japan Air Transport the forerunner of Imperial Japanese Airways It officially adopted the name Manchuria Aviation Company on the proclamation of the independence of Manchukuo Major shareholders were the Manchukuo government the South Manchurian Railway Company and the Sumitomo zaibatsu From the beginning the Manchuria Aviation Company was a paramilitary airline whose primary purpose was to provide transport and logistical support for the military and for the transport of mail Civilian passengers were carried and charter operations undertaken on a lower priority In 1936 an Independent Volunteer Battalion of the MKKK consisting of 13 aircraft fought on the side of the Inner Mongolian Army against Kuomintang held Suiyuan 4 The airline had a hub in Xinjing and was linked by regular flight routes from Harbin Shamussi Jiamusi Jilin Mukden Andong Jinzhou Chengde Qiqihar Hailar and the Kwantung Leased Territory and Korea areas for connections with Imperial Japanese Airways Dai Nippon Koku KK to Japan itself or foreign routes A long distance route between Hsinking and Berlin was also pioneered in 1938 Manchukuo Airlines luggage tag advertising the Ju 86 Xinjing Airport The repair shops of the MKKK produced copies of the Fokker Super Universal Nakajima Ki 6 and the De Havilland DH 80 Pussmoth The Manchuria Aviation Company ceased operations in August 1945 during the Soviet invasion of Manchuria However wartime fuel and equipment shortages had previously curtailed its operations considerably Remaining aircraft goods and equipment were confiscated to the benefit of the Soviet Union and Chinese Communist Party after the conflict Fleet edit30x Manshu MT 1 Hayabusa airliner 27x de Havilland DH 80 Pussmoth 15x Messerschmitt Bf 108A B Taifun liaison aircraft 12x Nakajima AT 2 Thora transports 10x Mitsubishi MC 20 Topsy transports 10x Junkers Ju 86Z 1 transports bombers 10x Junkers Ju 86Z 2 transports bombers 2x Heinkel He 116A communications planes 2x Fokker F VIIb 3m M transports 1x Tachikawa Ki 54 Hickory transport 1x de Havilland DH 85 Leopardmoth 1x General Aviation GA 43 transport x Tachikawa Type LO Thelma transport license build Lockheed Model 14 38 Super Electra x Airspeed Envoy license build Mitsubishi Type Hinazuru transport x Manshu Super Universal license built Fokker Super Universal x Kawasaki Ki 56 Thalia transport x Kokusai Ki 59 transportAccidents and incidents editOn June 20 1941 Mitsubishi MC 20 registration M 604 crashed in the Sea of Japan killing all 18 on board References editNotes Francis Clifford Jones Manchuria since 1931 Royal Institute of International Affairs London 1949 S 120 Philip S Jowett Rays of the Rising Sun Armed Forces of Japan s Asian Allies 1931 45 Volume 1 China amp Manchukuo Helion amp Company Ltd Solihull 2004 ISBN 1 874622 21 3 S 90 Togo Sheba Hrsg The Manchoukou Year Book 1941 The Manchoukou Year Book Co Hsinking 1941 Jowett 2005 pp 90 Bibliography Jowett Philip S 2005 Rays of the rising sun Volume 1 Japan s Asian Allies 1931 45 China and Manchukuo Solihull Helion amp Company Ltd ISBN 1 874622 21 3 Mikesh Richard C and Shorzoe Abe Japanese Aircraft 1910 1941 London Putnam Aeronautical Books 1990 ISBN 0 85177 840 2 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Manchuria Aviation Company amp oldid 1210416165, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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