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Kyūjitai

Kyūjitai (Japanese: 舊字體 / 旧字体, lit.'old character forms') are the traditional forms of kanji (Chinese written characters used in Japanese writing).[1] Their simplified counterparts are shinjitai (新字体, 'new character forms'). Some of the simplified characters arose centuries ago and were in everyday use in both China and Japan, but they were considered inelegant, even uncouth. After World War II, simplified character forms were made official in both these countries.

Kyūjitai
Japanese name
Hiraganaきゅうじたい
Katakanaキュウジタイ
Kyūjitai舊字體
Shinjitai旧字体
Transcriptions
Revised HepburnKyūjitai
Kunrei-shikiKyuuzitai

However, in Japan fewer and less drastic simplifications were made. An example is the character for "electric", which is still the traditional form of "" in Japan, but has been simplified to in mainland China (pronounced "diàn" in Chinese, and "den" in Japanese).

Prior to the promulgation of the tōyō kanji list in 1946, kyūjitai were known as seiji (正字, 'proper/correct characters') or seijitai (正字體). Even after kyūjitai were officially marked for discontinuation with the promulgation of the tōyō kanji list, they were used in print frequently into the 1950s due to logistical delays in changing over typesetting equipment. Kyūjitai continue in use to the present day because when the Japanese government adopted the simplified forms, it did not ban the traditional forms. Thus, traditional forms are used when an author wishes to use them and the publisher agrees.

Unlike in the People's Republic of China, where all personal names were simplified as part of the character simplification reform carried out in the 1950s, the Japanese reform only applied to a subset of the characters in use (the tōyō kanji) and excluded characters used in proper names. Therefore, kyūjitai are still used in personal names in Japan today (see jinmeiyō kanji). In modern Japanese, kyūjitai that appear in the official spelling of proper names are sometimes replaced with the modern shinjitai form.

Jōyō kanji edit

In the 2,136 Jōyō Kanji (常用漢字), there are 364 pairs of simplified and traditional characters (for example, is the simplified form of ). The kanji is used to simplify three different traditional kanji (, , and ).

Traditional characters that may cause problems displaying edit

Within the jōyō kanji, there are 62 characters the old forms of which may cause problems displaying:

Kyōiku kanji (26):

  • Grade 2 (2 kanji): 海 社
  • Grade 3 (8 kanji): 勉 暑 漢 神 福 練 者 都
  • Grade 4 (6 kanji): 器 殺 祝 節 梅 類
  • Grade 5 (1 kanji):
  • Grade 6 (9 kanji): 勤 穀 視 署 層 著 諸 難 朗

Secondary-school kanji (36):

  • Secondary school (36 kanji): 欄 廊 虜 隆 塚 祥 侮 僧 免 卑 喝 嘆 塀 墨 悔 慨 憎 懲 敏 既 煮 碑 祉 祈 禍 突 繁 臭 褐 謁 謹 賓 贈 逸 響 頻

These characters are Unicode CJK Unified Ideographs for which the old form (kyūjitai) and the new form (shinjitai) have been unified under the Unicode standard. Although the old and new forms are distinguished under the JIS X 0213 standard, the old forms map to Unicode CJK Compatibility Ideographs which are considered by Unicode to be canonically equivalent to the new forms and may not be distinguished by user agents. Therefore, depending on the user environment, it may not be possible to see the distinction between old and new forms of the characters. In particular, all Unicode normalization methods merge the old characters with the new ones.

List of the simplified jōyō kanji and their traditional forms edit

In the revised version of jōyō kanji, 5 kanji were removed (but preserved as jinmeiyō kanji), and 196 more kanji were added into Jōyō Kanjihyō of originally 1945 kanji; 6 of these new kanji have a traditional and a simplified form. They are underlined in the following list.

亜(亞) 悪(惡) 圧(壓) 囲(圍) 医(醫) 為(爲) 壱(壹) 逸(逸︁) 隠(隱) 栄(榮) 営(營) 衛(衞) 駅(驛) 謁(謁︀) 円(圓) 塩(鹽) 縁(緣) 艶(艷) 応(應) 欧(歐) 殴(毆) 桜(櫻) 奥(奧) 横(橫) 温(溫) 穏(穩) 仮(假) 価(價) 禍(禍︀) 画(畫) 会(會) 悔(悔︀) 海(海︀) 絵(繪) 壊(壞) 懐(懷) 慨(慨︀) 概(槪) 拡(擴) 殻(殼) 覚(覺) 学(學) 岳(嶽) 楽(樂) 喝(喝︀) 渇(渴) 褐(褐︀) 缶(罐) 巻(卷) 陥(陷) 勧(勸) 寛(寬) 漢(漢︀) 関(關) 歓(歡) 観(觀) 気(氣) 祈(祈︀) 既(既︀) 帰(歸) 器(器︀) 亀(龜) 偽(僞) 戯(戲) 犠(犧) 旧(舊) 拠(據) 挙(擧) 虚(虛) 峡(峽) 挟(挾) 狭(狹) 郷(鄕) 響(響︀) 暁(曉) 勤(勤︀) 謹(謹︀) 区(區) 駆(驅) 勲(勳) 薫(薰) 径(徑) 茎(莖) 恵(惠) 掲(揭) 渓(溪) 経(經) 蛍(螢) 軽(輕) 継(繼) 鶏(鷄) 芸(藝) 撃(擊) 欠(缺) 研(硏) 県(縣) 倹(儉) 剣(劍) 険(險) 圏(圈) 検(檢) 献(獻) 権(權) 顕(顯) 験(驗) 厳(嚴) 広(廣) 効(效) 恒(恆) 黄(黃) 鉱(鑛) 号(號) 国(國) 黒(黑) 穀(穀︀) 砕(碎) 済(濟) 斎(齋) 剤(劑) 殺(殺︀) 雑(雜) 参(參) 桟(棧) 蚕(蠶) 惨(慘) 賛(贊) 残(殘) 糸(絲) 祉(祉︀) 視(視︀) 歯(齒) 児(兒) 辞(辭) 湿(濕) 実(實) 写(寫) 社(社︀) 者(者︀) 煮(煮︀) 釈(釋) 寿(壽) 収(收) 臭(臭︀) 従(從) 渋(澁) 獣(獸) 縦(縱) 祝(祝︀) 粛(肅) 処(處) 暑(暑︀) 署(署︀) 緒(緖) 諸(諸︀) 叙(敍) 将(將) 祥(祥︀) 称(稱) 渉(涉) 焼(燒) 証(證) 奨(獎) 条(條) 状(狀) 乗(乘) 浄(淨) 剰(剩) 畳(疊) 縄(繩) 壌(壤) 嬢(孃) 譲(讓) 醸(釀) 触(觸) 嘱(囑) 神(神︀) 真(眞) 寝(寢) 慎(愼) 尽(盡) 図(圖) 粋(粹) 酔(醉) 穂(穗) 随(隨) 髄(髓) 枢(樞) 数(數) 瀬(瀨) 声(聲) 斉(齊) 静(靜) 窃(竊) 摂(攝) 節(節︀) 専(專) 浅(淺) 戦(戰) 践(踐) 銭(錢) 潜(潛) 繊(纖) 禅(禪) 祖(祖︀) 双(雙) 壮(壯) 争(爭) 荘(莊) 捜(搜) 挿(插) 巣(巢) 曽(曾) 痩(瘦) 装(裝) 僧(僧︀) 層(層︀) 総(總) 騒(騷) 増(增) 憎(憎︀) 蔵(藏) 贈(贈︀) 臓(臟) 即(卽) 属(屬) 続(續) 堕(墮) 対(對) 体(體) 帯(帶) 滞(滯) 台(臺) 滝(瀧) 択(擇) 沢(澤) 担(擔) 単(單) 胆(膽) 嘆(嘆︀) 団(團) 断(斷) 弾(彈) 遅(遲) 痴(癡) 虫(蟲) 昼(晝) 鋳(鑄) 著(著︀) 庁(廳) 徴(徵) 聴(聽) 懲(懲︀) 勅(敕) 鎮(鎭) 塚(塚︀) 逓(遞) 鉄(鐵) 点(點) 転(轉) 伝(傳) 都(都︀) 灯(燈) 当(當) 党(黨) 盗(盜) 稲(稻) 闘(鬭) 徳(德) 独(獨) 読(讀) 突(突︀) 届(屆) 難(難︀) 弐(貳) 悩(惱) 脳(腦) 覇(霸) 拝(拜) 廃(廢) 売(賣) 梅(梅︀) 麦(麥) 発(發) 髪(髮) 抜(拔) 繁(繁︀) 晩(晚) 蛮(蠻) 卑(卑︀) 秘(祕) 碑(碑︀) 浜(濱) 賓(賓︀) 頻(頻︀) 敏(敏︀) 瓶(甁) 侮(侮︀) 福(福︀) 払(拂) 仏(佛) 併(倂) 並(竝) 塀(塀︀) 餅(餠) 辺(邊) 変(變) 勉(勉︀) 歩(步) 宝(寶) 豊(豐) 褒(襃) 墨(墨︀) 翻(飜) 毎(每) 万(萬) 満(滿) 免(免︀) 麺(麵) 黙(默) 弥(彌) 訳(譯) 薬(藥) 与(與) 予(豫) 余(餘) 誉(譽) 揺(搖) 様(樣) 謡(謠) 来(來) 頼(賴) 乱(亂) 覧(覽) 欄(欄︀) 竜(龍) 隆(隆︀) 虜(虜︀) 両(兩) 猟(獵) 緑(綠) 涙(淚) 塁(壘) 類(類︀) 礼(禮) 励(勵) 戻(戾) 霊(靈) 齢(齡) 暦(曆) 歴(歷) 恋(戀) 練(練︁) 錬(鍊) 炉(爐) 労(勞) 郎(郞) 朗(朗︀) 廊(廊︀) 楼(樓) 録(錄) 湾(灣) 弁(辨/瓣/辯)

Jinmeiyō Kanji edit

Kyūjitai vs. Shinjitai edit

The Jinmeiyō Kanji List contains 212 traditional characters still used in names. The modern form (shinjitai), which appears in the Jōyō Kanji List, is given in parentheses.

亞(亜) 惡(悪) 爲(為) 逸︁(逸) 榮(栄) 衞(衛) 謁︀(謁) 圓(円) 緣(縁) 薗(園) 應(応) 櫻(桜) 奧(奥) 橫(横) 溫(温) 價(価) 禍︀(禍) 悔︀(悔) 海︀(海) 壞(壊) 懷(懐) 樂(楽) 渴(渇) 卷(巻) 陷(陥) 寬(寛) 漢︀(漢) 氣(気) 祈︀(祈) 器︀(器) 僞(偽) 戲(戯) 虛(虚) 峽(峡) 狹(狭) 響︀(響) 曉(暁) 勤︀(勤) 謹︀(謹) 駈(駆) 勳(勲) 薰(薫) 惠(恵) 揭(掲) 鷄(鶏) 藝(芸) 擊(撃) 縣(県) 儉(倹) 劍(剣) 險(険) 圈(圏) 檢(検) 顯(顕) 驗(験) 嚴(厳) 廣(広) 恆(恒) 黃(黄) 國(国) 黑(黒) 穀︀(穀) 碎(砕) 雜(雑) 祉︀(祉) 視︀(視) 兒(児) 濕(湿) 實(実) 社︀(社) 者︀(者) 煮︀(煮) 壽(寿) 收(収) 臭︀(臭) 從(従) 澁(渋) 獸(獣) 縱(縦) 祝︀(祝) 暑︀(暑) 署︀(署) 緖(緒) 諸︀(諸) 敍(叙) 將(将) 祥︀(祥) 涉(渉) 燒(焼) 奬(奨) 條(条) 狀(状) 乘(乗) 淨(浄) 剩(剰) 疊(畳) 孃(嬢) 讓(譲) 釀(醸) 神︀(神) 眞(真) 寢(寝) 愼(慎) 盡(尽) 粹(粋) 醉(酔) 穗(穂) 瀨(瀬) 齊(斉) 靜(静) 攝(摂) 節︀(節) 專(専) 戰(戦) 纖(繊) 禪(禅) 祖︀(祖) 壯(壮) 爭(争) 莊(荘) 搜(捜) 巢(巣) 曾(曽) 裝(装) 僧︀(僧) 層︀(層) 瘦(痩) 騷(騒) 增(増) 憎︀(憎) 藏(蔵) 贈︀(贈) 臟(臓) 卽(即) 帶(帯) 滯(滞) 瀧(滝) 單(単) 嘆︀(嘆) 團(団) 彈(弾) 晝(昼) 鑄(鋳) 著︀(著) 廳(庁) 徵(徴) 聽(聴) 懲︀(懲) 鎭(鎮) 轉(転) 傳(伝) 都︀(都) 嶋(島) 燈(灯) 盜(盗) 稻(稲) 德(徳) 突︀(突) 難︀(難) 拜(拝) 盃(杯) 賣(売) 梅︀(梅) 髮(髪) 拔(抜) 繁︀(繁) 晚(晩) 卑︀(卑) 祕(秘) 碑︀(碑) 賓︀(賓) 敏︀(敏) 冨(富) 侮︀(侮) 福︀(福) 拂(払) 佛(仏) 勉︀(勉) 步(歩) 峯(峰) 墨︀(墨) 飜(翻) 每(毎) 萬(万) 默(黙) 埜(野) 彌(弥) 藥(薬) 與(与) 搖(揺) 樣(様) 謠(謡) 來(来) 賴(頼) 覽(覧) 欄︀(欄) 龍(竜) 虜︀(虜) 凉(涼) 綠(緑) 淚(涙) 壘(塁) 類︀(類) 禮(礼) 曆(暦) 歷(歴) 練︁(練) 鍊(錬) 郞(郎) 朗︀(朗) 廊︀(廊) 錄(録)

Variants edit

The Jinmeiyō Kanji List also contains 631 additional kanji that are not elements of the Jōyō Kanji List; 18 of them have a variant:

亘(亙) 凜(凛) 尭(堯) 巌(巖) 晃(晄) 桧(檜) 槙(槇) 渚(渚︀) 猪(猪︀) 琢(琢︀) 祢(禰) 祐(祐︀) 祷(禱) 禄(祿) 禎(禎︀) 穣(穰) 萌(萠) 遥(遙)

Former jōyō kanji still used as jinmeiyō kanji edit

The following 5 kanji were removed from the Jōyō Kanji List in 2010, but were preserved as jinmeiyō kanji. They have no simplified form.

勺 銑 脹 錘 匁

and are kokuji.

Jinmeiyō kanji used as jōyō kanji since 2010 edit

Of the 196 new jōyō kanji, 129 were already on the Jinmeiyō Kanji List; 10 of them are used in names of Japanese prefectures, and the kanji that appears in the name of South Korea (韓国 Kankoku). Four of these kanji have both a simplified and a traditional form:

艶(豔) 曽(曾) 痩(瘦) 弥(彌)

Hyōgai kanji edit

Hyōgai kanji are kanji that are elements of neither the Jōyō Kanji List nor the Jinmeiyō Kanji List. In Hyōgai Kanji Jitaihyō (表外漢字字体表), traditional characters are recognized as printed standard style (印刷標準字体) while the simplified characters are recognized as simple conventional style (簡易慣用字体). Here are some examples of hyōgai kanji that have a simplified and a traditional form:

唖(啞) 頴(穎) 鴎(鷗) 躯(軀) 撹(攪) 麹(麴) 鹸(鹼) 噛(嚙) 繍(繡) 蒋(蔣) 醤(醬) 掻(搔) 屏(屛) 并(幷) 沪(濾) 芦(蘆) 蝋(蠟) 弯(彎) 焔(焰) 砿(礦) 讃(讚) 顛(顚) 醗(醱) 溌(潑) 輌(輛) 繋(繫)

Former Hyōgai Kanji used as Jōyō Kanji since 2010 edit

In 2010, 67 hyōgai kanji were added to the Jōyō Kanji List; 2 of them have a traditional and a simplified form:

餅(餠) 麺(麵)

Kokuji edit

Kokuji are characters that were created in Japan and were not taken over from China. Some of them, e.g. , are now also used in Chinese, but most of them are not.

Currently, there are no kokuji that have been simplified after their introduction.

Kokuji used as Jōyō Kanji or Jinmeiyō Kanji (as of 2010) edit

The Jōyō Kanji List currently contains 9 kokuji ( and are kyōiku kanji):

働 匂 塀 峠 腺 枠 栃 畑 込

was removed from the Jōyō Kanji List in 2010, but is still used as jinmeiyō kanji.

The Jinmeiyō Kanji List currently contains 16 kokuji:

匁 俣 凧 凪 喰 柾 椛 榊 樫 畠 笹 籾 辻 雫 鰯 麿

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ McMullen, James (2020). The worship of Confucius in Japan. Project MUSE. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Asia Center. ISBN 978-1-68417-599-4. OCLC 1159164917.

External links edit

  • A complex Shinjitai - Kyūjitai converter

kyūjitai, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, unsourced, material, challenged, removed, find, sources, news, newspapers, books, scholar, jstor, january, 2023, le. This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Kyujitai news newspapers books scholar JSTOR January 2023 Learn how and when to remove this template message Kyujitai Japanese 舊字體 旧字体 lit old character forms are the traditional forms of kanji Chinese written characters used in Japanese writing 1 Their simplified counterparts are shinjitai 新字体 new character forms Some of the simplified characters arose centuries ago and were in everyday use in both China and Japan but they were considered inelegant even uncouth After World War II simplified character forms were made official in both these countries KyujitaiJapanese nameHiraganaきゅうじたいKatakanaキュウジタイKyujitai舊字體Shinjitai旧字体TranscriptionsRevised HepburnKyujitaiKunrei shikiKyuuzitai However in Japan fewer and less drastic simplifications were made An example is the character for electric which is still the traditional form of 電 in Japan but has been simplified to 电 in mainland China pronounced dian in Chinese and den in Japanese Prior to the promulgation of the tōyō kanji list in 1946 kyujitai were known as seiji 正字 proper correct characters or seijitai 正字體 Even after kyujitai were officially marked for discontinuation with the promulgation of the tōyō kanji list they were used in print frequently into the 1950s due to logistical delays in changing over typesetting equipment Kyujitai continue in use to the present day because when the Japanese government adopted the simplified forms it did not ban the traditional forms Thus traditional forms are used when an author wishes to use them and the publisher agrees Unlike in the People s Republic of China where all personal names were simplified as part of the character simplification reform carried out in the 1950s the Japanese reform only applied to a subset of the characters in use the tōyō kanji and excluded characters used in proper names Therefore kyujitai are still used in personal names in Japan today see jinmeiyō kanji In modern Japanese kyujitai that appear in the official spelling of proper names are sometimes replaced with the modern shinjitai form Contents 1 Jōyō kanji 1 1 Traditional characters that may cause problems displaying 1 2 List of the simplified jōyō kanji and their traditional forms 2 Jinmeiyō Kanji 2 1 Kyujitai vs Shinjitai 2 2 Variants 2 3 Former jōyō kanji still used as jinmeiyō kanji 2 4 Jinmeiyō kanji used as jōyō kanji since 2010 3 Hyōgai kanji 3 1 Former Hyōgai Kanji used as Jōyō Kanji since 2010 4 Kokuji 4 1 Kokuji used as Jōyō Kanji or Jinmeiyō Kanji as of 2010 5 See also 6 References 7 External linksJōyō kanji editSee also Jōyō kanji In the 2 136 Jōyō Kanji 常用漢字 there are 364 pairs of simplified and traditional characters for example 亜 is the simplified form of 亞 The kanji 弁 is used to simplify three different traditional kanji 辨 瓣 and 辯 Traditional characters that may cause problems displaying edit Within the jōyō kanji there are 62 characters the old forms of which may cause problems displaying Kyōiku kanji 26 Grade 2 2 kanji 海 社 Grade 3 8 kanji 勉 暑 漢 神 福 練 者 都 Grade 4 6 kanji 器 殺 祝 節 梅 類 Grade 5 1 kanji 祖 Grade 6 9 kanji 勤 穀 視 署 層 著 諸 難 朗 Secondary school kanji 36 Secondary school 36 kanji 欄 廊 虜 隆 塚 祥 侮 僧 免 卑 喝 嘆 塀 墨 悔 慨 憎 懲 敏 既 煮 碑 祉 祈 禍 突 繁 臭 褐 謁 謹 賓 贈 逸 響 頻 These characters are Unicode CJK Unified Ideographs for which the old form kyujitai and the new form shinjitai have been unified under the Unicode standard Although the old and new forms are distinguished under the JIS X 0213 standard the old forms map to Unicode CJK Compatibility Ideographs which are considered by Unicode to be canonically equivalent to the new forms and may not be distinguished by user agents Therefore depending on the user environment it may not be possible to see the distinction between old and new forms of the characters In particular all Unicode normalization methods merge the old characters with the new ones List of the simplified jōyō kanji and their traditional forms edit In the revised version of jōyō kanji 5 kanji were removed but preserved as jinmeiyō kanji and 196 more kanji were added into Jōyō Kanjihyō of originally 1945 kanji 6 of these new kanji have a traditional and a simplified form They are underlined in the following list 亜 亞 悪 惡 圧 壓 囲 圍 医 醫 為 爲 壱 壹 逸 逸 隠 隱 栄 榮 営 營 衛 衞 駅 驛 謁 謁 円 圓 塩 鹽 縁 緣 艶 艷 応 應 欧 歐 殴 毆 桜 櫻 奥 奧 横 橫 温 溫 穏 穩 仮 假 価 價 禍 禍 画 畫 会 會 悔 悔 海 海 絵 繪 壊 壞 懐 懷 慨 慨 概 槪 拡 擴 殻 殼 覚 覺 学 學 岳 嶽 楽 樂 喝 喝 渇 渴 褐 褐 缶 罐 巻 卷 陥 陷 勧 勸 寛 寬 漢 漢 関 關 歓 歡 観 觀 気 氣 祈 祈 既 既 帰 歸 器 器 亀 龜 偽 僞 戯 戲 犠 犧 旧 舊 拠 據 挙 擧 虚 虛 峡 峽 挟 挾 狭 狹 郷 鄕 響 響 暁 曉 勤 勤 謹 謹 区 區 駆 驅 勲 勳 薫 薰 径 徑 茎 莖 恵 惠 掲 揭 渓 溪 経 經 蛍 螢 軽 輕 継 繼 鶏 鷄 芸 藝 撃 擊 欠 缺 研 硏 県 縣 倹 儉 剣 劍 険 險 圏 圈 検 檢 献 獻 権 權 顕 顯 験 驗 厳 嚴 広 廣 効 效 恒 恆 黄 黃 鉱 鑛 号 號 国 國 黒 黑 穀 穀 砕 碎 済 濟 斎 齋 剤 劑 殺 殺 雑 雜 参 參 桟 棧 蚕 蠶 惨 慘 賛 贊 残 殘 糸 絲 祉 祉 視 視 歯 齒 児 兒 辞 辭 湿 濕 実 實 写 寫 社 社 者 者 煮 煮 釈 釋 寿 壽 収 收 臭 臭 従 從 渋 澁 獣 獸 縦 縱 祝 祝 粛 肅 処 處 暑 暑 署 署 緒 緖 諸 諸 叙 敍 将 將 祥 祥 称 稱 渉 涉 焼 燒 証 證 奨 獎 条 條 状 狀 乗 乘 浄 淨 剰 剩 畳 疊 縄 繩 壌 壤 嬢 孃 譲 讓 醸 釀 触 觸 嘱 囑 神 神 真 眞 寝 寢 慎 愼 尽 盡 図 圖 粋 粹 酔 醉 穂 穗 随 隨 髄 髓 枢 樞 数 數 瀬 瀨 声 聲 斉 齊 静 靜 窃 竊 摂 攝 節 節 専 專 浅 淺 戦 戰 践 踐 銭 錢 潜 潛 繊 纖 禅 禪 祖 祖 双 雙 壮 壯 争 爭 荘 莊 捜 搜 挿 插 巣 巢 曽 曾 痩 瘦 装 裝 僧 僧 層 層 総 總 騒 騷 増 增 憎 憎 蔵 藏 贈 贈 臓 臟 即 卽 属 屬 続 續 堕 墮 対 對 体 體 帯 帶 滞 滯 台 臺 滝 瀧 択 擇 沢 澤 担 擔 単 單 胆 膽 嘆 嘆 団 團 断 斷 弾 彈 遅 遲 痴 癡 虫 蟲 昼 晝 鋳 鑄 著 著 庁 廳 徴 徵 聴 聽 懲 懲 勅 敕 鎮 鎭 塚 塚 逓 遞 鉄 鐵 点 點 転 轉 伝 傳 都 都 灯 燈 当 當 党 黨 盗 盜 稲 稻 闘 鬭 徳 德 独 獨 読 讀 突 突 届 屆 難 難 弐 貳 悩 惱 脳 腦 覇 霸 拝 拜 廃 廢 売 賣 梅 梅 麦 麥 発 發 髪 髮 抜 拔 繁 繁 晩 晚 蛮 蠻 卑 卑 秘 祕 碑 碑 浜 濱 賓 賓 頻 頻 敏 敏 瓶 甁 侮 侮 福 福 払 拂 仏 佛 併 倂 並 竝 塀 塀 餅 餠 辺 邊 変 變 勉 勉 歩 步 宝 寶 豊 豐 褒 襃 墨 墨 翻 飜 毎 每 万 萬 満 滿 免 免 麺 麵 黙 默 弥 彌 訳 譯 薬 藥 与 與 予 豫 余 餘 誉 譽 揺 搖 様 樣 謡 謠 来 來 頼 賴 乱 亂 覧 覽 欄 欄 竜 龍 隆 隆 虜 虜 両 兩 猟 獵 緑 綠 涙 淚 塁 壘 類 類 礼 禮 励 勵 戻 戾 霊 靈 齢 齡 暦 曆 歴 歷 恋 戀 練 練 錬 鍊 炉 爐 労 勞 郎 郞 朗 朗 廊 廊 楼 樓 録 錄 湾 灣 弁 辨 瓣 辯 Jinmeiyō Kanji editSee also Jinmeiyō kanji Kyujitai vs Shinjitai edit The Jinmeiyō Kanji List contains 212 traditional characters still used in names The modern form shinjitai which appears in the Jōyō Kanji List is given in parentheses 亞 亜 惡 悪 爲 為 逸 逸 榮 栄 衞 衛 謁 謁 圓 円 緣 縁 薗 園 應 応 櫻 桜 奧 奥 橫 横 溫 温 價 価 禍 禍 悔 悔 海 海 壞 壊 懷 懐 樂 楽 渴 渇 卷 巻 陷 陥 寬 寛 漢 漢 氣 気 祈 祈 器 器 僞 偽 戲 戯 虛 虚 峽 峡 狹 狭 響 響 曉 暁 勤 勤 謹 謹 駈 駆 勳 勲 薰 薫 惠 恵 揭 掲 鷄 鶏 藝 芸 擊 撃 縣 県 儉 倹 劍 剣 險 険 圈 圏 檢 検 顯 顕 驗 験 嚴 厳 廣 広 恆 恒 黃 黄 國 国 黑 黒 穀 穀 碎 砕 雜 雑 祉 祉 視 視 兒 児 濕 湿 實 実 社 社 者 者 煮 煮 壽 寿 收 収 臭 臭 從 従 澁 渋 獸 獣 縱 縦 祝 祝 暑 暑 署 署 緖 緒 諸 諸 敍 叙 將 将 祥 祥 涉 渉 燒 焼 奬 奨 條 条 狀 状 乘 乗 淨 浄 剩 剰 疊 畳 孃 嬢 讓 譲 釀 醸 神 神 眞 真 寢 寝 愼 慎 盡 尽 粹 粋 醉 酔 穗 穂 瀨 瀬 齊 斉 靜 静 攝 摂 節 節 專 専 戰 戦 纖 繊 禪 禅 祖 祖 壯 壮 爭 争 莊 荘 搜 捜 巢 巣 曾 曽 裝 装 僧 僧 層 層 瘦 痩 騷 騒 增 増 憎 憎 藏 蔵 贈 贈 臟 臓 卽 即 帶 帯 滯 滞 瀧 滝 單 単 嘆 嘆 團 団 彈 弾 晝 昼 鑄 鋳 著 著 廳 庁 徵 徴 聽 聴 懲 懲 鎭 鎮 轉 転 傳 伝 都 都 嶋 島 燈 灯 盜 盗 稻 稲 德 徳 突 突 難 難 拜 拝 盃 杯 賣 売 梅 梅 髮 髪 拔 抜 繁 繁 晚 晩 卑 卑 祕 秘 碑 碑 賓 賓 敏 敏 冨 富 侮 侮 福 福 拂 払 佛 仏 勉 勉 步 歩 峯 峰 墨 墨 飜 翻 每 毎 萬 万 默 黙 埜 野 彌 弥 藥 薬 與 与 搖 揺 樣 様 謠 謡 來 来 賴 頼 覽 覧 欄 欄 龍 竜 虜 虜 凉 涼 綠 緑 淚 涙 壘 塁 類 類 禮 礼 曆 暦 歷 歴 練 練 鍊 錬 郞 郎 朗 朗 廊 廊 錄 録 Variants edit The Jinmeiyō Kanji List also contains 631 additional kanji that are not elements of the Jōyō Kanji List 18 of them have a variant 亘 亙 凜 凛 尭 堯 巌 巖 晃 晄 桧 檜 槙 槇 渚 渚 猪 猪 琢 琢 祢 禰 祐 祐 祷 禱 禄 祿 禎 禎 穣 穰 萌 萠 遥 遙 Former jōyō kanji still used as jinmeiyō kanji edit The following 5 kanji were removed from the Jōyō Kanji List in 2010 but were preserved as jinmeiyō kanji They have no simplified form 勺 銑 脹 錘 匁 勺 and 匁 are kokuji Jinmeiyō kanji used as jōyō kanji since 2010 edit Of the 196 new jōyō kanji 129 were already on the Jinmeiyō Kanji List 10 of them are used in names of Japanese prefectures and the kanji 韓 that appears in the name of South Korea 韓国 Kankoku Four of these kanji have both a simplified and a traditional form 艶 豔 曽 曾 痩 瘦 弥 彌 Hyōgai kanji editSee also Hyōgaiji Hyōgai kanji are kanji that are elements of neither the Jōyō Kanji List nor the Jinmeiyō Kanji List In Hyōgai Kanji Jitaihyō 表外漢字字体表 traditional characters are recognized as printed standard style 印刷標準字体 while the simplified characters are recognized as simple conventional style 簡易慣用字体 Here are some examples of hyōgai kanji that have a simplified and a traditional form 唖 啞 頴 穎 鴎 鷗 躯 軀 撹 攪 麹 麴 鹸 鹼 噛 嚙 繍 繡 蒋 蔣 醤 醬 掻 搔 屏 屛 并 幷 沪 濾 芦 蘆 蝋 蠟 弯 彎 焔 焰 砿 礦 讃 讚 顛 顚 醗 醱 溌 潑 輌 輛 繋 繫 Former Hyōgai Kanji used as Jōyō Kanji since 2010 edit In 2010 67 hyōgai kanji were added to the Jōyō Kanji List 2 of them have a traditional and a simplified form 餅 餠 麺 麵 Kokuji editKokuji are characters that were created in Japan and were not taken over from China Some of them e g 腺 are now also used in Chinese but most of them are not Currently there are no kokuji that have been simplified after their introduction Kokuji used as Jōyō Kanji or Jinmeiyō Kanji as of 2010 edit The Jōyō Kanji List currently contains 9 kokuji 働 and 畑 are kyōiku kanji 働 匂 塀 峠 腺 枠 栃 畑 込 匁 was removed from the Jōyō Kanji List in 2010 but is still used as jinmeiyō kanji The Jinmeiyō Kanji List currently contains 16 kokuji 匁 俣 凧 凪 喰 柾 椛 榊 樫 畠 笹 籾 辻 雫 鰯 麿See also editTraditional Chinese charactersReferences edit McMullen James 2020 The worship of Confucius in Japan Project MUSE Cambridge Massachusetts Harvard University Asia Center ISBN 978 1 68417 599 4 OCLC 1159164917 External links edit nbsp Look up kyujitai in Wiktionary the free dictionary A complex Shinjitai Kyujitai converter Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Kyujitai amp oldid 1208401420, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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