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Magnesia (regional unit)

May 04, 2023

This article is about the region of Greece. For other uses, see Magnesia (disambiguation).

Magnesia (Greek: Μαγνησία, Magnisía, IPA: [maɣniˈsia], Ancient Greek: Magnēsía, deriving from the tribe name Magnetes) is one of the regional units of Greece. It is part of the region of Thessaly. Its capital is the city of Volos. About 70% of the population of Magnesia live in the Greater Volos area, which is the second-largest city in Thessaly and the third busiest commercial port in Greece.

Magnesia
Περιφερειακή ενότητα
Μαγνησίας
Regional unit
Municipalities of Magnesia and the Sporades
Magnesia within Greece
Coordinates: 39°25′N 22°50′E / 39.417°N 22.833°E / 39.417; 22.833Coordinates: 39°25′N 22°50′E / 39.417°N 22.833°E / 39.417; 22.833
CountryGreece
RegionThessaly
CapitalVolos
Area
 • Total2,367 km2 (914 sq mi)
Population
 (2011)
 • Total190,010
 • Density80/km2 (210/sq mi)
DemonymMagnesian
Time zoneUTC+2 (EET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+3 (EEST)
Postal codes
37x xx, 38x xx
Area codes242x0
ISO 3166 codeGR-43
Car platesΒΟx, BBx
Websitewww.magnesia.gr

According to the most recent census (2011), the population stands at 190,010. The regional unit hosts 2,000,000 tourists annually.[1] Magnesia is represented in the Greek Parliament by six seats. Its main agricultural products are wheat, cotton, tomatoes, grapes, olives, apples and honey.

Geography

A prominent geographic feature of Magnesia is the Pagasetic Gulf, a bay of the Aegean Sea. The Pelion mountain range closes off the Gulf on the east and south side, leaving only a narrow channel near Trikeri. The highest peak of the wooded Pelion is Pourianos Stavros or Xeforti, (altitude 1,624 metres or 5,328 feet). On the south edge of Magnesia peninsula Tisaio mountain is found.

Mt. Maurovouni (1,054 metres or 3,458 feet) is the northeasternmost mountain of the regional unit and extends to the neighboring regional unit of Larissa. The southwest border of Magnesia is formed by the Othrys, with its highest peak Gerakovouni (1,726 metres or 5,663 feet). The interior of Magnesia has two plains. The plains southwest of the Pagasetic Gulf are called the Almyros plains, while the plains northwest of the Gulf are called the Volos-Velestino plain. The hydrological network of Magnesia is not particularly rich and is characterized by the absence of big rivers. The waters coming from Pelion shape the rivers Anavros, Platanorema, and Xirias.

In the North section of Magnesia, Lake Karla was formerly found. Lake Karla was drained in 1962, but attempts have been made for its partial restoration. On the bight of Sourpi, next to Amaliapolis a coastal wetland is located, with various species of migratory birds. This wetland together with the forest of Kouri – an infrequent lowland of oak forest close to Almyros – is included in the list of the protected regions of the European Network Natura 2000.

Climate

The average temperature is 17 degrees Celsius and the average rainfall about 540 millimetres per year. Heat waves and intense cold periods are rare. During the summer the temperature rises up to about 37 to 38 °C (99 to 100 °F) in August. The climate varies in different parts of the prefecture; close to the Pagasetic Gulf conditions are humid, in Nea Ionia it is quite dry and in Velestino and Almyros is the climate is continental. In winter there is significant snowfall in the mountains and often freezing temperatures.

Administration

 
Lake Karla

The regional unit Magnesia is subdivided into 5 municipalities. These are (number as in the map in the infobox):[2]

Prefecture

Magnesia was created as a prefecture. In addition to the territory of the present regional unit of Magnesia, the Magnesia Prefecture included the Northern Sporades group of islands (Skiathos, Skopelos and Alonnisos). As a part of the 2011 Kallikratis government reform, the prefecture was split into the Magnesia and Sporades regional units. At the same time, the municipalities were reorganised, according to the table below.[2]

Provinces

Note: Provinces no longer hold any legal status in Greece.

History

Antiquity

Main article: ancient Magnesia

Founding

According to Hesiod's (probably) "Eoiae" (Greek: Ηοίαι) or "Catalogue of Women"[3] on the origin of the Greeks, Pandora (named after her grandmother Pandora, sister of Hellen and daughter of Deukalion and Pyrrha) together with Zeus had one son Graecus, while Zeus had two more with Thyia, another of Deukalion's daughter: Magnes and Macedon. Magnes and Makednos together with Hellen's three sons Dorus, Xuthus (with his sons Ion and Achaeus) and Aeolus, comprised the set of progenitors of the ancient tribes that formed the Greek/Hellenic nation. Magnes ruled the area and people under his name. Magnesia is also homeland of the mythical heroes Jason, Peleus and his son Achilles.

The Magnetes contributed to the Greek colonization, with their main colonies being established before the 7th century BC, under the names of Magnesia beside Sipylus in Lydia and Magnesia on the Maeander in Ionia.

Nomenclature

The word magnet comes from the Greek "magnítis líthos" (μαγνήτης λίθος), which means stone of Magnesia. The names for the elements magnesium and manganese are also derived from either this region or its colony Magnesia ad Sipylum,[4] which in addition to the magnetic magnetite (an iron ore), produces certain ores of magnesium and manganese that were known to alchemists.

Common era

Written accounts and remains from the 5th century CE document the appearance of Christianity in Magnesia. The minutes of the 3rd Ecumenical Conference are co-signed by the Bishop of Dimitriada Cleonikos. Five basilicas have been revealed in Nea Anhialos, showing that the area was undergoing a spiritual growth in that era. Magnesias has churches, monasteries and chapels, many of which are architectural masterpieces in the style that is called "Pelioritica".

In the area of Pelion are the monasteries of Saint Gerasimos in Makrinitsa, The Holy Archangels in Agios Georgios Nilias, Osios Lavredios in Agios Lavrendis, Saint John the Baptist in Siki and Saint Spiridon in Promiri. The most famous is the Flamouriou Monastery, built in the 16th century by Osios Simeon, the so-called "barefoot and loin-clothed", located near Veneto.

In the Almyros area and on the mountain of Othris two other monasteries were built, one inhabited by monks in Ano Panagia (Virgin Mary) Xenia and the other by nuns in Kato Panagia Xenia. This monastery holds historical monuments of the area from the 12th century, with of frescoes, treasuries and a library. In Kato Panagia Xenia monastery, an icon of the Virgin Mary, venerated by the people of the area, is kept. All the monasteries are of archeological, historical and artistic interest and are accessible (Flamouriou Monastery only by men).

Archaeological sites

 
Archaeological museum of Almyros

Media

  • TRT TV
  • ASTRA TELEVISION

Transport

 
Port of Volos

The prefecture was linked to the National railway (ΟΣΕ) in the late 19th century. In 1964, the GR-1 North-South superhighway was opened to traffic. The prefecture is directly linked to the rest of Europe through International Airport of Central Greece, located in Nea Anchialos, a short distance from Volos. The airport includes a terminal which can serve 1,500 passengers per hour.

The prefecture's roads include:

Notable residents

See also

References

  1. ^ ANEM Tourist authority of Magnesia
  2. ^ a b "ΦΕΚ A 87/2010, Kallikratis reform law text" (in Greek). Government Gazette.
  3. ^ Hesiod (probably), "Eoiae" (Greek: Ηοίαι) or "Catalogue of Women", c.650 BC.
  4. ^ languagehat (May 28, 2005). "MAGNET". languagehat.com. Retrieved 18 June 2020.

External links

  • History of Magnesia
  • Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). "Magnesia" . Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company.

May 04, 2023
magnesia, regional, unit, this, article, about, region, greece, other, uses, magnesia, disambiguation, magnesia, greek, Μαγνησία, magnisía, maɣniˈsia, ancient, greek, magnēsía, deriving, from, tribe, name, magnetes, regional, units, greece, part, region, thess. This article is about the region of Greece For other uses see Magnesia disambiguation Magnesia Greek Magnhsia Magnisia IPA maɣniˈsia Ancient Greek Magnesia deriving from the tribe name Magnetes is one of the regional units of Greece It is part of the region of Thessaly Its capital is the city of Volos About 70 of the population of Magnesia live in the Greater Volos area which is the second largest city in Thessaly and the third busiest commercial port in Greece Magnesia Perifereiakh enothtaMagnhsiasRegional unitMunicipalities of Magnesia and the SporadesMagnesia within GreeceCoordinates 39 25 N 22 50 E 39 417 N 22 833 E 39 417 22 833 Coordinates 39 25 N 22 50 E 39 417 N 22 833 E 39 417 22 833CountryGreeceRegionThessalyCapitalVolosArea Total2 367 km2 914 sq mi Population 2011 Total190 010 Density80 km2 210 sq mi DemonymMagnesianTime zoneUTC 2 EET Summer DST UTC 3 EEST Postal codes37x xx 38x xxArea codes242x0ISO 3166 codeGR 43Car platesBOx BBxWebsitewww wbr magnesia wbr grAccording to the most recent census 2011 the population stands at 190 010 The regional unit hosts 2 000 000 tourists annually 1 Magnesia is represented in the Greek Parliament by six seats Its main agricultural products are wheat cotton tomatoes grapes olives apples and honey Contents 1 Geography 1 1 Climate 2 Administration 2 1 Prefecture 2 2 Provinces 3 History 3 1 Antiquity 3 1 1 Founding 3 1 2 Nomenclature 3 2 Common era 4 Archaeological sites 5 Media 6 Transport 7 Notable residents 8 See also 9 References 10 External linksGeography Edit Pagasetic Gulf Pelion A prominent geographic feature of Magnesia is the Pagasetic Gulf a bay of the Aegean Sea The Pelion mountain range closes off the Gulf on the east and south side leaving only a narrow channel near Trikeri The highest peak of the wooded Pelion is Pourianos Stavros or Xeforti altitude 1 624 metres or 5 328 feet On the south edge of Magnesia peninsula Tisaio mountain is found Mt Maurovouni 1 054 metres or 3 458 feet is the northeasternmost mountain of the regional unit and extends to the neighboring regional unit of Larissa The southwest border of Magnesia is formed by the Othrys with its highest peak Gerakovouni 1 726 metres or 5 663 feet The interior of Magnesia has two plains The plains southwest of the Pagasetic Gulf are called the Almyros plains while the plains northwest of the Gulf are called the Volos Velestino plain The hydrological network of Magnesia is not particularly rich and is characterized by the absence of big rivers The waters coming from Pelion shape the rivers Anavros Platanorema and Xirias In the North section of Magnesia Lake Karla was formerly found Lake Karla was drained in 1962 but attempts have been made for its partial restoration On the bight of Sourpi next to Amaliapolis a coastal wetland is located with various species of migratory birds This wetland together with the forest of Kouri an infrequent lowland of oak forest close to Almyros is included in the list of the protected regions of the European Network Natura 2000 Climate Edit The average temperature is 17 degrees Celsius and the average rainfall about 540 millimetres per year Heat waves and intense cold periods are rare During the summer the temperature rises up to about 37 to 38 C 99 to 100 F in August The climate varies in different parts of the prefecture close to the Pagasetic Gulf conditions are humid in Nea Ionia it is quite dry and in Velestino and Almyros is the climate is continental In winter there is significant snowfall in the mountains and often freezing temperatures Administration Edit Volos Milies Makrinitsa Nea Anchialos Lake Karla The regional unit Magnesia is subdivided into 5 municipalities These are number as in the map in the infobox 2 Almyros 2 Rigas Feraios 6 South Pelion Notio Pilio 5 Volos 1 Zagora Mouresi 4 Prefecture Edit Magnesia was created as a prefecture In addition to the territory of the present regional unit of Magnesia the Magnesia Prefecture included the Northern Sporades group of islands Skiathos Skopelos and Alonnisos As a part of the 2011 Kallikratis government reform the prefecture was split into the Magnesia and Sporades regional units At the same time the municipalities were reorganised according to the table below 2 New municipality Old municipalities SeatAlmyros Almyros AlmyrosAnavraPteleosSourpiRigas Feraios Feres VelestinoKarlaKeramidiSouth Pelion Notio Pilio Argalasti ArgalastiAfetesMiliesSipiadaTrikeriVolos Volos VolosAgriaAisoniaArtemidaIolkosMakrinitsaNea AnchialosNea IoniaPortariaZagora Mouresi Zagora ZagoraMouresiProvinces Edit Province of Volos Volos Province of Almyros Almyros Province of Skopelos and Sporades SkopelosNote Provinces no longer hold any legal status in Greece History EditAntiquity Edit Main article ancient Magnesia Founding Edit According to Hesiod s probably Eoiae Greek Hoiai or Catalogue of Women 3 on the origin of the Greeks Pandora named after her grandmother Pandora sister of Hellen and daughter of Deukalion and Pyrrha together with Zeus had one son Graecus while Zeus had two more with Thyia another of Deukalion s daughter Magnes and Macedon Magnes and Makednos together with Hellen s three sons Dorus Xuthus with his sons Ion and Achaeus and Aeolus comprised the set of progenitors of the ancient tribes that formed the Greek Hellenic nation Magnes ruled the area and people under his name Magnesia is also homeland of the mythical heroes Jason Peleus and his son Achilles The Magnetes contributed to the Greek colonization with their main colonies being established before the 7th century BC under the names of Magnesia beside Sipylus in Lydia and Magnesia on the Maeander in Ionia Nomenclature Edit The word magnet comes from the Greek magnitis lithos magnhths li8os which means stone of Magnesia The names for the elements magnesium and manganese are also derived from either this region or its colony Magnesia ad Sipylum 4 which in addition to the magnetic magnetite an iron ore produces certain ores of magnesium and manganese that were known to alchemists Common era Edit Written accounts and remains from the 5th century CE document the appearance of Christianity in Magnesia The minutes of the 3rd Ecumenical Conference are co signed by the Bishop of Dimitriada Cleonikos Five basilicas have been revealed in Nea Anhialos showing that the area was undergoing a spiritual growth in that era Magnesias has churches monasteries and chapels many of which are architectural masterpieces in the style that is called Pelioritica In the area of Pelion are the monasteries of Saint Gerasimos in Makrinitsa The Holy Archangels in Agios Georgios Nilias Osios Lavredios in Agios Lavrendis Saint John the Baptist in Siki and Saint Spiridon in Promiri The most famous is the Flamouriou Monastery built in the 16th century by Osios Simeon the so called barefoot and loin clothed located near Veneto In the Almyros area and on the mountain of Othris two other monasteries were built one inhabited by monks in Ano Panagia Virgin Mary Xenia and the other by nuns in Kato Panagia Xenia This monastery holds historical monuments of the area from the 12th century with of frescoes treasuries and a library In Kato Panagia Xenia monastery an icon of the Virgin Mary venerated by the people of the area is kept All the monasteries are of archeological historical and artistic interest and are accessible Flamouriou Monastery only by men Archaeological sites Edit Archaeological museum of Almyros Demetrias Iolcus Mikrothives Nea Anchialos PagasaeMedia EditTRT TV ASTRA TELEVISIONTransport Edit Port of Volos The prefecture was linked to the National railway OSE in the late 19th century In 1964 the GR 1 North South superhighway was opened to traffic The prefecture is directly linked to the rest of Europe through International Airport of Central Greece located in Nea Anchialos a short distance from Volos The airport includes a terminal which can serve 1 500 passengers per hour The prefecture s roads include Greek National Road 1 E75 SW W NW Greek National Road 6 Cen NW Greek National Road 30 W Cen Notable residents EditGiorgio de Chirico 1888 1978 Lavrentis Dianellos a Greek actor Rigas Feraios the first Greek revolutionary and poet national hero Anthimos Gazis died 1828 Phaidon Gizikis June 13 1917 July 17 1999 in Athens Greek politician Theophilos Hatzimihail artist 1871 1934 Lavrentis Machairitsas composer musician Alexandros Papadiamantis 1851 1911 Vangelis Papathanassiou composer 1943 2022 Paraskevi Tsiamita Gold Medalist in triple jump 1999 World Championships in Athletics Olga Vasdeki Bronze Medalist in triple jump 1999 World Championships in Athletics Sofia Vembo 1910 1978 musician artistSee also EditList of traditional Greek place names List of settlements in the Magnesia regional unitReferences Edit ANEM Tourist authority of Magnesia a b FEK A 87 2010 Kallikratis reform law text in Greek Government Gazette Hesiod probably Eoiae Greek Hoiai or Catalogue of Women c 650 BC languagehat May 28 2005 MAGNET languagehat com Retrieved 18 June 2020 External links EditNea Anchialos Municipality History of Magnesia Herbermann Charles ed 1913 Magnesia Catholic Encyclopedia New York Robert Appleton Company Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Magnesia regional unit amp oldid 1152591185, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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