Low Alemannic German (German: Niederalemannisch) is a branch of Alemannic German, which is part of Upper German. Its varieties are only partly intelligible to non-Alemannic speakers.
The feature that distinguishes Low Alemannic from High Alemannic is the retention of Germanic /k/, for instance kalt 'cold' vs. High Alemannic chalt.
The feature that distinguishes Low Alemannic from Swabian is the retention of the Middle High Germanmonophthongs, for instance Huus 'house' vs. Swabian Hous or Ziit 'time' vs. Swabian Zejt.
Orthography
(All of the below is specific to the dialects spoken near Freiburg im Breisgau)
Vowels:
Short
Long
Orthography
Pronunciation
Orthography
Pronunciation
a
[a]
aa
[aː]
ä
[æ]
ää
[æː]
è
[ɛ]
èè
[ɛː]
e
[e, ə]
ee
[eː]
i
[ɪ]
ii
[iː]
o
[o]
oo
[oː]
ù
[ʊ]
ùù
[ʊː]
u
[y]
uu
[yː]
y
[i, y]
yy
[uː]
Consonants:
Are as in Standard German, with the following notes:
kh is an aspirated [kʰ]
ng is a velar nasal [ŋ]
ngg is a velar nasal followed by a velar plosive [ŋɡ]
ph is an aspirated [pʰ]
th is an aspirated [tʰ]
z represents [dz] as opposed to Standard German [ts]
Articles
Definite Article
Case
Masculine
Feminine
Neuter
Nom/Acc Sg
der Man
d Frau
s Kind
Dat Sg
im Man
(in) der Frau
im Kind
Nom/Acc Pl
d Mane
d Fraue
d Kinder
Dat Pl
(in) der Mane
(in) der Fraue
(in) der Kinder
Indefinite Article
Case
Masculine
Feminine
Neuter
Nom/Acc Sg
e Man
e Frau
e Kind
Dat Sg
im e Man
in ere Frau
im e Kind
Substantives
Plurals
Class I: Plural = Singular (e.g. Ääber → Ääber)
Class II: Plural = Singular + Umlaut (e.g. Baum → Baim; Vader → Väder)
Class IIIa: Plural = Singular + -e (e.g. Man → Mane; Ags → Agse)
^Noble, Cecil A. M. (1983). Modern German dialects New York [u.a.], Lang, p. 67/68
February 05, 2023
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This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Low Alemannic German news newspapers books scholar JSTOR May 2012 Learn how and when to remove this template message Low Alemannic German German Niederalemannisch is a branch of Alemannic German which is part of Upper German Its varieties are only partly intelligible to non Alemannic speakers Low Alemannic GermanNiederalemannischNative toGermany 1 Language familyIndo European GermanicWest GermanicHigh GermanUpper GermanAlemannic German 1 Low Alemannic GermanWriting systemLatin German alphabet Language codesISO 639 3 Glottologlowa1241Areas where Alemannic German dialects are spoken Low Alemannic Contents 1 Subdivisions 2 Features 3 Orthography 4 Articles 5 Substantives 6 Adjectives 7 Pronouns 8 Verbs 9 Numbers 10 ReferencesSubdivisions EditLake Constance Alemannic de Northern Vorarlberg de Allgau dialect de Baar dialect Southern Wurttemberg Upper Rhenish Alemannic de Basel German Baden dialects north of Markgraflerland Alsatian spoken in Alsace in some villages of the Phalsbourg county in Lorraine and by some Amish in Indiana Low Alemannic dialects in the Black Forest 2 Colonia Tovar dialect VenezuelaFeatures EditThe feature that distinguishes Low Alemannic from High Alemannic is the retention of Germanic k for instance kalt cold vs High Alemannic chalt The feature that distinguishes Low Alemannic from Swabian is the retention of the Middle High German monophthongs for instance Huus house vs Swabian Hous or Ziit time vs Swabian Zejt Orthography Edit All of the below is specific to the dialects spoken near Freiburg im Breisgau Vowels Short LongOrthography Pronunciation Orthography Pronunciationa a aa aː a ae aa aeː e ɛ ee ɛː e e e ee eː i ɪ ii iː o o oo oː u ʊ uu ʊː u y uu yː y i y yy uː Consonants Are as in Standard German with the following notes kh is an aspirated kʰ ng is a velar nasal ŋ ngg is a velar nasal followed by a velar plosive ŋɡ ph is an aspirated pʰ th is an aspirated tʰ z represents dz as opposed to Standard German ts Articles EditDefinite Article Case Masculine Feminine NeuterNom Acc Sg der Man d Frau s KindDat Sg im Man in der Frau im KindNom Acc Pl d Mane d Fraue d KinderDat Pl in der Mane in der Fraue in der KinderIndefinite Article Case Masculine Feminine NeuterNom Acc Sg e Man e Frau e KindDat Sg im e Man in ere Frau im e KindSubstantives EditPlurals Class I Plural Singular e g Aaber Aaber Class II Plural Singular Umlaut e g Baum Baim Vader Vader Class IIIa Plural Singular e e g Man Mane Ags Agse Class IIIb Plural Singular e e g Frosch Fresche Class IVa Plural Singular er e g Lyyb Lyyber Schug Schuger Class IVb Plural Singular er e g Wald Walder Blad Bleder Class V No Plural e g Chees Zemand Class VI No Singular Plural Only e g Bilger Feerine Diminutives Standard ending is li e g Aimer Aimerli If the word ends in l then the ending is eli e g Daal Daaleli If the word ends in el then the ending is i e g Degel Degeli If the word ends in e remove the e and add li e g Beere Beerli The rules for this can be quite complex and depend on the region Sometimes diminutives require umlaut other times not Adjectives EditWeak Declension Case Masculine Feminine NeuterNom Acc Sg der groos Man di goed Frau s klai KindDat Sg im e groose Man in der in ere goede Frau im e klaine KindNom Acc Pl di groose Mane di goede Fraue di klaine KinderDat Pl in der groose Mane in der goede Fraue in der klaine KinderStrong Declension Case Masculine Feminine NeuterNom Acc Sg goede Wyy goedi Frau goed BroodDat Sg goedem Wyy goeder Frau goedem BroodNom Acc Pl groosi Mane groosi Fraue klaini KinderDat Pl in groose Mane in groose Fraue in klaine KinderComparative Standard ending er e g fein gt feiner Superlative Standard ending e schd e g fein gt feinschd Irregular Positive Comparative Superlativevyyl mee maischdgoed beser beschdPronouns EditPersonal Pronouns English Hochdeutsch Alemmanisch Nom Dative AccusativeI ich ich ii i miir mir mer mii miyou du duu du de diir dir der dii dihe er aar ar er iim im em iin in en eshe sie sii si iire ire ere sii siit es aas as es s iim im em aas as es swe wir miir mir mer uns is uns isyou ihr iir ir er eich ich eich ichthey sie sii si iine ine ene sii siVerbs Edit1 InfinitiveInfinitive ends in e Some monosyllabic verbs do not have this ending e g chuu doe goo gschaa haa loo nee saa schdoo schlaa syy zie etc 2 Participle2 1 Prefix The prefix for g or ge Before b d g bf dsch and z is merged into the word and not visible e g broochd glaubd etc 2 2 Suffix Strong Verbs end in e e g gase glofe Weak Verbs end in d or ed e g buzd gchaufd 2 3 Types2 3 1 Infinitive and Present Sg y ei ai Participle i 2 3 1 1 y gt i e g abwyyse gt abgwiise 2 3 1 2 ei gt i e g verzeie gt verziie 2 3 1 3 ai gt i e g schaide gt gschiide 2 3 2 Infinitive and Present Sg ie u au ei i Participle o ou oe 2 3 2 1 ie gt o e g biede gt bode 2 3 2 2 u gt o e g sufe gt gsofe 2 3 2 3 au gt o e g laufe gt glofe 2 3 2 4 ei gt ou e g reie gt groue 2 3 2 5 ie gt oe e g riefe gt groefe 2 3 2 5 i gt o e g wiige gt gwooge 2 3 3 Infinitive and Present Sg i Participle u 2 3 3 1 i gt u e g binde gt bunde 2 3 4 Infinitive a e Present i Participle o u 2 3 4 1 a i o e g brache gt broche 2 3 4 2 a i u e g halfe gt ghulfe 2 3 4 3 e e i o e g verdeerbe gt verdoorbe 2 3 4 4 e i u e g schmelze gt gschmulze 2 3 5 Infinitive a i Present i Participle a 2 3 5 1 a i a e g ase gt gase 2 3 5 2 i i a e g bide gt bade 2 3 6 Infinitive Vowel is the same as the Participle 2 3 5 1 e g bache gt bache fale gt gfale 3 Conjugation 3 1 Present Tense 3 1 1 Regular Verb Person Ending Example1st Sg O ich mach2nd Sg sch duu machsch3rd Sg d ar machdPlural e mir macheNumbers EditCardinal Ordinal Multiplicative I Multiplicative II1 ais eerschd aifach aimool2 zwai zwaid zwaifach zwaimool3 drei drid dreifach dreimool4 vier vierd vierfach viermool5 fimf fimfd fimffach fimfmool6 segs segsd segsfach segsmool7 siibe sibd siibefach siibemool8 aachd aachd aachdfach aachdmool9 nyyn nyynd nyynfach nyynmool10 zee zeend zeefach zeemool11 elf elfd elffach elfmool12 zwelf zwelfd zwelffach zwelfmool13 dryzee dryzeend dryzeefach dryzeemool14 vierzee vierzeend vierzeefach vierzeemool15 fufzee fufzeend fufzeefach fufzeemool16 sachzee sachzeend sachzeefach sachzeemool17 sibzee sibzeend sibzeefach sibzeemool18 aachdzee aachdzeend aachdzeefach aachdzeemool19 nyynzee nyynzeend nyynzeefach nyynzeemool20 zwanzg zwanzigschd zwanzgfach zwanzgmool21 ainezwanzg ainezwanzigschd ainezwanzgfach ainezwanzgmoolReferences Edit a b Ethnologue entry Swabian swg Noble Cecil A M 1983 Modern German dialects New York u a Lang p 67 68 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Low Alemannic German amp oldid 1048577273, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
