List of medieval music theorists

Medieval music is the music of the Western Europe during the Middle Ages, from approximately the 6th to 15th centuries.^[1] The first and longest era of Western classical music, Medieval music saw the presence of various music theorists, such as Boethius, Hucbald, Guido of Arezzo, Johannes Cotto, Franco of Cologne and Philippe de Vitry.

Medieval music theorists

For theorists of this period around the world, see List of music theorists § 8th–14th centuries.

See also: List of medieval composers and List of Byzantine composers

   Also a composer    May have been a composer

Medieval music theorists

Name	Lifetime	Nationality	Music theory works	Ref(s)
Boethius	c. 480 – 524	Roman	De institutione musica	^[2]^[3]
Cassiodorus	c. 485 – 585	Roman	Institutiones	^[2]^[4]
Isidore of Seville	c. 559 – 636	Spanish	Etymologiarum sive Originum libri xx and De ecclesiasticis officiis	^[2]^[5]
Alcuin	c. 735 – 804	Anglo-Saxon	De octo tonis and an unknown music treatise (both of uncertain authorship)	^[2]^[6]
Rabanus Maurus	c. 780 – 856	Frankish	Throughout various works	^[2]^[7]
Johannes Scottus Eriugena	c. 810 – c. 877	Irish	De divisione naturae and De divisione naturae	^[8]
Aurelian of Réôme	fl. 840–850	Frankish	Musica disciplina	^[2]^[9]
Regino of Prüm	c. 842 – 915	German	De synodalibus causis and Epistola de armonica institutione; Octo toni de musicae artis	^[10]^[11]
Hucbald	c. 850 – 930	Benedictine	(De) Musica	^[2]^[12]
Remigius of Auxerre	fl. 862–c. 900	Latin	The ninth book of De nuptiis Philologiae et Mercurii	^[2]^[13]
Odo of Cluny	c. 878 – 942	French	Dialogus?	^[10]^[14]
Odo of Arezzo	fl. Late 10th century	Italian		^[15]
Notker Labeo	c. 950 – 1022	Benedictine	Five short essays	^[16]^[17]
Guido of Arezzo (Guido da Arezzo; Guido Aretinus)	c. 991 – after 1033	Italian	Micrologus, Prologus in antiphonarium	^[16]^[18]
Wulfstan the Cantor	fl. 992–6	English	Brevilioquium super musicam	^[19]
Odo de Saint-Maur-des-Fossés [sv]?	fl. 992–1029	?	Dialogus? Enchiridion musices?	^[20]
Otloh of Sankt Emmeram	c. 1010 – 1070	Benedictine	None surviving; cited in William of Hirsau's De musica	^[21]
Hermann of Reichenau	1013 – 1054	Benedictine	Musica	^[16]^[22]
Berno of Reichenau	before 1014 – 1048	Probably German	De quibusdam rebus ad misse officium pertinentibus and De consona tonorum diversitate	^[16]^[23]
William of Hirsau	c. 1030 – 1091	Benedictine	De musica^[n 1]	^[16]^[24]
Aribo Scholasticus	fl. c. 1068–78	Unknown	De musica	^[25]
Frutolf of Michelsberg	mid-11th century – 1103	Unknown	Breviarium	^[26]
Theogerus of Metz	c. 1050 – 1120	German	Musica	^[27]
Hugh of St Victor	c. 1096 – 1141	Augustinian	A chapter in the Didascalicon	^[28]
Johannes Cotto	fl. c. 1100	Unknown	De musica	^[16]^[29]
Guido of Eu	fl. mid-12th century	Cistercian	Regule de arte musica	^[30]
Theinred of Dover	fl. 12th century	English	De legitimis ordinibus pentachordorum et tetrachordorum	^[31]
Bartholomeus Anglicus	before 1200 – 1272	English	Throughout De proprietatibus rerum	^[32]
Roger Bacon	c. 1214 – c. 1292	English	Throughout various works	^[33]
Petrus de Picardia	fl. 1250	French	Ars motettorum compilata breviter	^[34]
Elias Salomo	fl. 2nd half of the 13th century	French	Scientia artis musice	^[35]
Egidius de Zamora	fl. c. 1260–1280	Spanish	Ars musica	^[36]
Magister Lambertus	fl. c. 1270	Unknown	Tractatus de musica	^[37]
Amerus	fl. 1271	English	Practica artis musice	^[38]
Hieronymus de Moravia	died after 1271	Unknown	Tractatus de Musica	^[39]
Franco of Cologne	fl. mid to late 13th century	German	Ars cantus mensurabilis	^[40]
Engelbert of Admont	c. 1250 – 1331	Austrian	De musica	^[41]
Jacobus of Liège	c. 1260 – after 1330	Franco-Flemish	Speculum musice	^[42]
Johannes de Garlandia	fl. c. 1270 – 1320	French	De Plana Musica and De Mensurabili Musica	^[43]
Johannes Balox	fl. late 13th century	Unknown	Abbreviatio magistri Franconis a[uctore] Johanne dicto Baloce	^[44]
Hugo Spechtshart [de]	c. 1285 – 1359/60	German	Flores musicae omnis cantus Gregoriani and Chronicon Hugonis sacerdotis de Rutelinga ad annum	^[45]
Petrus de Cruce	fl. c. 1290	French	Tractatus de tonis^[n 2]	^[46]
Petrus Le Viser	fl. c. 1290–1300	?		^[47]
Johannes de Muris	c. 1290–95 – 1344	French	Notitia artis musicae, Compendium musicae practicae, Musica speculativa secundum Boetium, Libellus cantus mensurabilis, and Ars contrapuncti	^[48]
Philippe de Vitry	1291–1361	French	Ars nova	^[49]
Walter Odington	fl. 1298–1316	English	Summa de speculatione musice	^[50]
Henricus de Zeelandia	fl. 14th century	South Netherlandish	Tractatus de cantu perfecto et imperfecto	^[51]
Johannes Vetulus de Anagnia	fl. 14th century	Italian	Liber de musica	^[52]
Willelmus	fl. 14th century	Unknown	Breviarium regulare musice	^[53]
Johannes de Grocheio	fl. c. 1300	French	De musica	^[54]
Johannes Boen	early 14th century – 1367	Dutch	Ars [musicae] and Musica	^[55]
Marchetto da Padova	fl. 1305–19	Italian	Lucidarium in arte musice plane and Pomerium in arte musice mensurate	^[56]
Simon Tunsted	c. 1310 – 1369	English	Quatuor Principalia Musicae	^[57]
Robert de Handlo	fl. 1326	English	Regule cum maximis magistri Franconis cum additionibus aliorum musicorum	^[58]
Henricus Helene	fl. 1335	French	Summula musice	^[59]
Petrus frater dictus Palma ociosa	fl. 1336	French	Compendium de discantu mensurabili	^[60]
Egidius de Francia	fl. mid-14th century	French	De motettis componendis	^[61]
John of Tewkesbury	fl. 1351–92	English	Quatuor principalia musice^[n 3]	^[62]
John Hanboys	fl. c. 1370	English	Summa	^[63]
Philippus de Caserta	fl. c. 1370	Italian?	Incipiunt regule contrapuncti secundum magistrum phylippotum de Caserta: Sciendum est quod contrapunctum est fundamentum biscanti^[n 4]	^[64]
Johannes Ciconia	c. 1370 – 1412	Franco-Flemish	Nova musica	^[65]
Ugolino of Forlì	c. 1380–1452	Italian	Declaratio musicae disciplinae	^[66]

References

Notes

1. A second work, De musica et tonis, may be attributed to him, although it is now lost.
2. Ars motettorum of Petrus de Picardia and Ars musicae mensurabilis secundum Franconem are attributed to him by some modern scholars.
3. Contains long excerpts from other music theorists, including: Boethius, Isidore of Seville, Guido d’Arezzo, Magister Lambertus and Franco of Cologne.
4. Two other surviving works by Caserta – Secundum magistrum Philipotum de caserta: Contrapunctus est fundamentum biscanti and Regula contrapunctus secundum philippotum de Caserta: Nota quod novem sunt speties contrapuncti – overlap heavily with Incipiunt. Some musicologists attribute De contrapuncto quaedam regulae utiles to Caserta.

Citations

1. Wolinski & Borders 2020, § "Introduction".
2. Reese 1940, p. 125.
3. Bower, Calvin (2001). "Boethius". Grove Music Online. Oxford: Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.03386. ISBN 978-1-56159-263-0. Retrieved 19 September 2020. (subscription or UK public library membership required)
4. Bower, Calvin (2001). "Cassiodorus". Grove Music Online. Oxford: Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.05108. ISBN 978-1-56159-263-0. Retrieved 19 September 2020. (subscription or UK public library membership required)
5. Randel, Don M.; Nadeau, Nils (2001). "Isidore of Seville". Grove Music Online. Oxford: Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.13934. ISBN 978-1-56159-263-0. Retrieved 19 September 2020. (subscription or UK public library membership required)
6. Bower, Calvin (2001). "Cassiodorus". Grove Music Online. Oxford: Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.00495. ISBN 978-1-56159-263-0. Retrieved 19 September 2020. (subscription or UK public library membership required)
7. Steiner, Ruth (2001). "Hrabanus [Rabanus, Rhabanus] (Magnentius) Maurus". Grove Music Online. Revised by Bradley Jon Tucker. Oxford: Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.13443. ISBN 978-1-56159-263-0. Retrieved 28 September 2020. (subscription or UK public library membership required)
8. Gushee, Lawrence (2001). "Johannes Scottus Eriugena". Grove Music Online. Oxford: Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.14396. ISBN 978-1-56159-263-0. Retrieved 28 September 2020. (subscription or UK public library membership required)
9. Bellingham, Jane (2001). "Aurelian of Réôme". Grove Music Online. Oxford: Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.01536. ISBN 978-1-56159-263-0. Retrieved 28 September 2020. (subscription or UK public library membership required)
10. Reese 1940, p. 126.
11. Chartier, Yves (2001). "Regino of Prüm". Grove Music Online. Oxford: Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.23070. ISBN 978-1-56159-263-0. Retrieved 1 October 2020. (subscription or UK public library membership required)
12. Chartier, Yves (2001). "Hucbald of St Amand". Grove Music Online. Oxford: Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.13475. ISBN 978-1-56159-263-0. Retrieved 1 September 2020. (subscription or UK public library membership required)
13. Gushee, Lawrence (2001). "Remigius [Remy] of Auxerre". Grove Music Online. Oxford: Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.23191. ISBN 978-1-56159-263-0. Retrieved 1 October 2020. (subscription or UK public library membership required)
14. Brockett, Clyde; Huglo, Michel (2001). "Odo of Arezzo". Grove Music Online. Oxford: Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.20255. ISBN 978-1-56159-263-0. Retrieved 1 September 2020. (subscription or UK public library membership required)
15. Brockett, Clyde; Huglo, Michel (2001). "Odo of Arezzo". Grove Music Online. Oxford: Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.20255. ISBN 978-1-56159-263-0. Retrieved 1 September 2020. (subscription or UK public library membership required)
16. Reese 1940, p. 127.
17. Gushee, Lawrence (2001). "Notker Labeo". Grove Music Online. Revised by Bradley Jon Tucker. Oxford: Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.20129. ISBN 978-1-56159-263-0. Retrieved 22 October 2020. (subscription or UK public library membership required)
18. Palisca, Claude V. (2001). "Guido of Arezzo". In Pesce, Dolores (ed.). Grove Music Online. Revised by Dolores Pesce. Oxford: Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.11968. ISBN 978-1-56159-263-0. Retrieved 19 September 2020. (subscription or UK public library membership required)
19. Teviotdale, Elizabeth C. (2001). "Wulfstan [Wulstan, Wolstan] of Winchester". Grove Music Online. Oxford: Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.30612. ISBN 978-1-56159-263-0. Retrieved 1 September 2020. (subscription or UK public library membership required)
20. Treitler, Leo (Summer 1965). "Tone System in the Secular Works of Guillaume Dufay". Journal of the American Musicological Society. University of California Press. 18 (2): 131–169 (132). doi:10.2307/830681. JSTOR 830681.
21. Hiley, David (2001). "Otloh of St Emmeram". Grove Music Online. Oxford: Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.52834. ISBN 978-1-56159-263-0. Retrieved 20 September 2020. (subscription or UK public library membership required)
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• Reese, Gustave (1940). Music in the Middle Ages: With an Introduction on the Music of Ancient Times. Lanham: W. W. Norton & Company. ISBN 978-0-393-09750-4.
• Wolinski, Mary; Borders, James (26 February 2020). "Medieval Music". Oxford Bibliographies: Music. Oxford: Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/OBO/9780199757824-0269. ISBN 978-0-19-975782-4. (subscription required)
• Yudkin, Jeremy (1989). Music in Medieval Europe (1st ed.). Upper Saddle River: Prentice Hall. ISBN 978-0-13-608192-0.