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Forests of Poland

December 08, 2023

Forests cover an estimated 38.5% of Poland's territory, and are mostly owned by the state. And are increasing at a fast rate by 2035 Polands forest percentage will be 42-46%. Western and northern parts of Poland as well as the Carpathian Mountains in the extreme south, are much more forested than eastern and central provinces.[1] The most forested administrative districts of the country are: Lubusz Voivodeship (60,2%), Subcarpathian Voivodeship (58,2%), and Pomeranian Voivodeship (50,1%).[1] The least forested are: Łódź Voivodeship (36%), Masovian Voivodeship (34,6%), and Lublin Voivodeship (32,8%).[1]

Perkuć Reserve in Puszcza Augustowska
Puszcza Biała (The White Forest) of Masovia
Polish part of Wkrzańska Heath near Szczecin and neighboring county town, Police

Contemporary history edit

At the end of the 18th century, forests covered around 40% of Poland.[1] However, due to the 19th century economic exploitation during the partitions of Poland, as well as, the Nazi German and Soviet occupations between 1939–1945 with trees shipped to battle fronts across Europe, deforestation and slash and burn conditions of war shrank Polish forests to only 21% of total area of the country (as of 1946).[1] Furthermore, rich deciduous trees were replaced with fast growing coniferous trees of lesser value meant for commerce, such as pine. After World War II, the government of Poland initiated the National Plan of Afforestation. By 1970, forests covered 29% of the country.[1] As of 2009 – 29,1% of Poland's territory was forested, amounting to 9,088,000 hectares.[1] It is estimated that by 2050, the total area of forested land should increase to 33%.[1]

As much as 81,8% of the Polish forests are state-owned, majority (77,8%) by Polish State Forests (Lasy Państwowe), 2% constitute Polish National Forests protected zones, 2% are owned by other governmental entities (such as local self-government or the Agricultural Property Agency) and 18,2% belong to private owners.[1] The high percentage of Polish forests owned by the state is the result of nationalization of forests that occurred in the aftermath of World War II when Poland became a communist state (see People's Republic of Poland) under the Soviet sphere of influence.

Inhabitation edit

Forest in Poland occupy the poorest soil. Coniferous type accounts for 54.5%, whereas broadleaved type accounts for 45.5% (out of that, alder and riparian forests account for 3.8%).[2] A number of forested zones are now protected by the Polish government and, in many cases, they have become tourist destinations. Over the years, many of the largest Polish forests have been reduced in size, and that reflected on the structure of forest inhabitation.[3]

Up until the end of the 18th Century, beginning in what is known as the Middle Ages, forests were considered places for travelers and ordinary folk to stay away from, as they were home to bandits and were believed to be inhabited by evil spirits. Law and order did not apply to forests for many centuries, except for self-policing observed and administered by their inhabitants. However, the forests did contain numerous woodsmen and their families who made the best of their remote environment. These woodsmen lived on what the forest could produce, collecting pitch resin for sale – important as method of illuminating city streets – logging construction lumber, collecting lime, beeswax, honey, hops, mushrooms and whatever other saleable items could be harvested in the forest and sold in villages outside of it.

Families of the woodsmen produced their own food through gardening and hunting, as well as their own clothing. In some cases, their sewing of intricate laces became well known outside the forest, resulting in additional family income.[3] Because of their isolation from society in general, woodsmen and their families developed their own style of dress, music, sewing, dialect, celebrations, and the type of dwellings. The Masovia woodsmen for example, known as Kurpie people, who lived in the forested region known in Poland as the White Wilderness (Puszcza Biała) and the Green Wilderness, still proudly proclaim and celebrate their unique culture and customs.

List of Polish forest complexes edit

A

B

D

K

Ł

N

  • Puszcza Niepołomicka (Niepołomice Forest)
  • Puszcza Notecka (Notec Forest) near the Lubuskie Lake District.

O

P

R

S

T

U

W

Z

References edit

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i (in Polish) Raport o stanie lasów w Polsce 2009 (Raport on the state of forests in Poland 2009), Centrum Informacyjne Lasów Państwowych, 2010
  2. ^ The State Forests in Figures 2009. 2011-02-24 at the Wayback Machine Official website of the Polish State Forests with PDF document, 3.606 MB.
  3. ^ a b State Forests of Poland. Report of Polish Forests, Warsaw, September 2007[permanent dead link]
  4. ^ (in Polish) Puszcza Bydgoska, największy kompleks leśny w okolicach miasta at Wyszogród homepage, 2010

External links edit

  • Forests in Western Poland 2018-07-04 at the Wayback Machine
  • Bialowieski National Park
  • Polish Forest pictures from forests photos on webshots
  • Kurpie district
  • Mazovia history
  • Sienkiewicz, Henryk (1991). The Deluge. Trans. W. S. Kuniczak. Fort Washington, Pennsylvania: Copernicus Society of America. ISBN 0-87052-004-0.

↑ Encyklopedia Polski t.2 ISBN 83-86328-74-6

December 08, 2023
forests, poland, forests, cover, estimated, poland, territory, mostly, owned, state, increasing, fast, rate, 2035, polands, forest, percentage, will, western, northern, parts, poland, well, carpathian, mountains, extreme, south, much, more, forested, than, eas. Forests cover an estimated 38 5 of Poland s territory and are mostly owned by the state And are increasing at a fast rate by 2035 Polands forest percentage will be 42 46 Western and northern parts of Poland as well as the Carpathian Mountains in the extreme south are much more forested than eastern and central provinces 1 The most forested administrative districts of the country are Lubusz Voivodeship 60 2 Subcarpathian Voivodeship 58 2 and Pomeranian Voivodeship 50 1 1 The least forested are Lodz Voivodeship 36 Masovian Voivodeship 34 6 and Lublin Voivodeship 32 8 1 Perkuc Reserve in Puszcza AugustowskaPuszcza Biala The White Forest of MasoviaPolish part of Wkrzanska Heath near Szczecin and neighboring county town Police Contents 1 Contemporary history 2 Inhabitation 3 List of Polish forest complexes 4 References 5 External linksContemporary history editAt the end of the 18th century forests covered around 40 of Poland 1 However due to the 19th century economic exploitation during the partitions of Poland as well as the Nazi German and Soviet occupations between 1939 1945 with trees shipped to battle fronts across Europe deforestation and slash and burn conditions of war shrank Polish forests to only 21 of total area of the country as of 1946 1 Furthermore rich deciduous trees were replaced with fast growing coniferous trees of lesser value meant for commerce such as pine After World War II the government of Poland initiated the National Plan of Afforestation By 1970 forests covered 29 of the country 1 As of 2009 29 1 of Poland s territory was forested amounting to 9 088 000 hectares 1 It is estimated that by 2050 the total area of forested land should increase to 33 1 As much as 81 8 of the Polish forests are state owned majority 77 8 by Polish State Forests Lasy Panstwowe 2 constitute Polish National Forests protected zones 2 are owned by other governmental entities such as local self government or the Agricultural Property Agency and 18 2 belong to private owners 1 The high percentage of Polish forests owned by the state is the result of nationalization of forests that occurred in the aftermath of World War II when Poland became a communist state see People s Republic of Poland under the Soviet sphere of influence Inhabitation editForest in Poland occupy the poorest soil Coniferous type accounts for 54 5 whereas broadleaved type accounts for 45 5 out of that alder and riparian forests account for 3 8 2 A number of forested zones are now protected by the Polish government and in many cases they have become tourist destinations Over the years many of the largest Polish forests have been reduced in size and that reflected on the structure of forest inhabitation 3 Up until the end of the 18th Century beginning in what is known as the Middle Ages forests were considered places for travelers and ordinary folk to stay away from as they were home to bandits and were believed to be inhabited by evil spirits Law and order did not apply to forests for many centuries except for self policing observed and administered by their inhabitants However the forests did contain numerous woodsmen and their families who made the best of their remote environment These woodsmen lived on what the forest could produce collecting pitch resin for sale important as method of illuminating city streets logging construction lumber collecting lime beeswax honey hops mushrooms and whatever other saleable items could be harvested in the forest and sold in villages outside of it Families of the woodsmen produced their own food through gardening and hunting as well as their own clothing In some cases their sewing of intricate laces became well known outside the forest resulting in additional family income 3 Because of their isolation from society in general woodsmen and their families developed their own style of dress music sewing dialect celebrations and the type of dwellings The Masovia woodsmen for example known as Kurpie people who lived in the forested region known in Poland as the White Wilderness Puszcza Biala and the Green Wilderness still proudly proclaim and celebrate their unique culture and customs List of Polish forest complexes editA Puszcza Augustowska Augustow Primeval Forest B Puszcza Biala White Wilderness or White Forest Bialowieza Forest UNESCO World Heritage Site Puszcza Borecka Borki s Forest near Borki Puszcza Bukowa Beech Forest near Szczecin Puszcza Bydgoska Bydgoszcz Forest near Bydgoszcz 4 D Bory Dolnoslaskie Lower Silesian Wilderness K Puszcza Kampinoska Kampinos Forest Knyszyn Forest Knyszyn Forest Landscape Park Krajna part of Greater Poland Voivodeship Puszcza Kurpiowska collective name of Puszcza Biala and Puszcza Zielona L Lasy Lukowskie Lukow Forest Loda Loda Forest N Puszcza Niepolomicka Niepolomice Forest Puszcza Notecka Notec Forest near the Lubuskie Lake District O Oliwa forests in the Gdansk district P Puszcza Piaskowa Piasek Forest in the Odra valley near Cedynia Puszcza Piska Pisz Forest Pomeranian Forest Las Prudnicki Prudnik Forest R Puszcza Romincka Romincka Forest S Las Szpegawski Szpegawski Forest T Bory Tucholskie Tuchola Forest in the Pomeranian Lake District U Ueckermunder Heide Puszcza Wkrzanska shared by Germany and PolandW Puszcza Wkrzanska Ueckermunder Heide Z Puszcza Zielona Green Wilderness Puszcza Zielonka Puszcza Zielonka Landscape Park This list is incomplete you can help by adding missing items August 2008 References edit a b c d e f g h i in Polish Raport o stanie lasow w Polsce 2009 Raport on the state of forests in Poland 2009 Centrum Informacyjne Lasow Panstwowych 2010 The State Forests in Figures 2009 Archived 2011 02 24 at the Wayback Machine Official website of the Polish State Forests with PDF document 3 606 MB a b State Forests of Poland Report of Polish Forests Warsaw September 2007 permanent dead link in Polish Puszcza Bydgoska najwiekszy kompleks lesny w okolicach miasta at Wyszogrod homepage 2010External links editForests in Western Poland Archived 2018 07 04 at the Wayback Machine Bialowieski National Park Polish Forest pictures from forests photos on webshots Kurpie district Mazovia history Sienkiewicz Henryk 1991 The Deluge Trans W S Kuniczak Fort Washington Pennsylvania Copernicus Society of America ISBN 0 87052 004 0 Encyklopedia Polski t 2 ISBN 83 86328 74 6 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Forests of Poland amp oldid 1177786655, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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