This taxon may be invalid (taxon inquirendum). Redirect to the correct taxon or request deletion by adding a {{subst:prod|concern=TEXT}} tag. See this article's talk page for more information.(Jan 2019)
Until 2010 this taxon was known only as Limacina helicina antarctica or as Limacina helicina f. antarctica. Limacina rangii is however now considered to be a separate species from Limacina helicina, based on cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene sequences.[4]
Limacina rangii has a sinistral and very thin shell.[3] The shell thickness is approximately 2–9 μm.[3] There are ribs on the surface of the shell.[3] There are differences in the shell structure between Limacina rangii and Limacina helicina.[3]
Limacina rangii is a holoplanktonic species. It is very abundant in the Southern Ocean, with up to 2681 individuals per m3.[9] This species is abundant in the Ross Sea, Antarctica.[10] It is sometimes even more abundant than krill.[10][11]
This snail is a primary consumer and directly depends on phytoplankton.[10] When the phytoplankton is reduced, the population of Limacina rangii is also reduced,[10] and it can even disappear as happened in McMurdo Sound in the summer of 2000–2001.[10] It is considered an indicator species of the health of the ecosystem.[10] Under different conditions in McMurdo Sound there can be over 300 individuals per m3, which is over 20% of the biomass of zooplankton.[10]
Fecal pellets of Limacina rangii and its quantity have been firstly described by Manno et al. (2010).[12] Fecal pellets are oval, greenish brown and with peritrophic membrane.[12] A size of a single pellet varies from 103 μm (286600 μm3) to 120 μm (440,610 μm3).[12] A single Limacina rangii produces about 6-11 pellets daily.[12] Population of Limacina rangii in the studied area in the Ross Sea produced from about 71,000 pellets per square meter per year to about 362,000 pellets per square meter per year.[12] Fecal pellets of Limacina rangii has contributed to about 19% of flux of organic carbon.[12] Fecal pellets of Limacina rangii together with dead Limacina rangii can cover up to 72% (estimation) of organic carbon flux to the deep water.[12]
Many[10] predators depend on Limacina rangii as their food source:
The gastropod Clione antarctica feeds only on Limacina rangii.[13][10] There is a coevolutionary relationship between this specialized predator and its prey; their life cycles are parallel.[10]
Also notothenioid fish (family Nototheniidae) heavily depend on Limacina rangii as food.[10] For example, fishes: Trematomus newnesi,[16]Trematomus bernacchii, Trematomus hansoni, Trematomus centronotus and Pagothenia borchgrevink.[17]
^ abcdefSato-Okoshi, W.; Okoshi, K.; Sasaki, H.; Akiha, F. (2010). "Shell structure of two polar pelagic molluscs, Arctic Limacina helicina and Antarctic Limacina helicina antarctica forma antarctica". Polar Biology. 33 (11): 1577. doi:10.1007/s00300-010-0849-1. S2CID 24975779.
^Hunt, B.; Strugnell, J.; Bednarsek, N.; Linse, K.; Nelson, R. J.; Pakhomov, E.; Seibel, B.; Steinke, D.; Würzberg, L. (2010). Finkel, Zoe (ed.). "Poles Apart: The "Bipolar" Pteropod Species Limacina helicina is Genetically Distinct Between the Arctic and Antarctic Oceans". PLOS ONE. 5 (3): e9835. Bibcode:2010PLoSO...5.9835H. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0009835. PMC2847597. PMID 20360985.
^"Limacina helicina antarctica antarctica". Marine Species Identification Portal, accessed 9 February 2011.
^Linse, K.; Brandt, A.; Hilbig, B.; Wegener, G. (2004). "Composition and distribution of suprabenthic fauna in the south-eastern Weddell Sea and off King George Island". Antarctic Science. 14 (1): 3. Bibcode:2002AntSc..14....3L. doi:10.1017/S0954102002000512. S2CID 131602642.
^Accornero, A.; Manno, C.; Esposito, F.; Gambi, M. C. (2003). "The vertical flux of particulate matter in the polynya of Terra Nova Bay. Part II. Biological components". Antarctic Science. 15 (2): 175. Bibcode:2003AntSc..15..175A. doi:10.1017/S0954102003001214. S2CID 140569375. PDF.
^Ward, P. (2004). "The distribution of zooplankton in an Antarctic fjord at South Georgia during summer and winter". Antarctic Science. 1 (2): 141–150. doi:10.1017/S0954102089000210. S2CID 131504895.
^Comeau, S.; Gorsky, G.; Jeffree, R.; Teyssié, J. -L.; Gattuso, J. -P. (2009). "Impact of ocean acidification on a key Arctic pelagic mollusc (Limacina helicina)". Biogeosciences. 6 (9): 1877. Bibcode:2009BGeo....6.1877C. doi:10.5194/bg-6-1877-2009.
^ abcdefghijklmnopSeibel, B. A.; Dierssen, H. M. (2003). "Cascading trophic impacts of reduced biomass in the Ross Sea, Antarctica: Just the tip of the iceberg?". The Biological Bulletin. 205 (2): 93–97. doi:10.2307/1543229. JSTOR 1543229. PMID 14583506. S2CID 27427399.
^Orr, J. C.; Fabry, V. J.; Aumont, O.; Bopp, L.; Doney, S. C.; Feely, R. A.; Gnanadesikan, A.; Gruber, N.; Ishida, A.; Joos, F.; Key, R. M.; Lindsay, K.; Maier-Reimer, E.; Matear, R.; Monfray, P.; Mouchet, A.; Najjar, R. G.; Plattner, G. K.; Rodgers, K. B.; Sabine, C. L.; Sarmiento, J. L.; Schlitzer, R.; Slater, R. D.; Totterdell, I. J.; Weirig, M. F.; Yamanaka, Y.; Yool, A. (2005). "Anthropogenic ocean acidification over the twenty-first century and its impact on calcifying organisms" (PDF). Nature. 437 (7059): 681–686. Bibcode:2005Natur.437..681O. doi:10.1038/nature04095. PMID 16193043. S2CID 4306199. PDF 2008-06-25 at the Wayback Machine. (author's draft).
^ abcdefgManno, C.; Tirelli, V.; Accornero, A.; Fonda Umani, S. (2009). "Importance of the contribution of Limacina helicina faecal pellets to the carbon pump in Terra Nova Bay (Antarctica)". Journal of Plankton Research. 32 (2): 145. doi:10.1093/plankt/fbp108.
^Whitehead, K.; Karentz, D.; Hedges, J. (2001). "Mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs) in phytoplankton, a herbivorous pteropod (Limacina helicina), and its pteropod predator (Clione antarctica) in McMurdo Bay, Antarctica". Marine Biology. 139 (5): 1013. doi:10.1007/s002270100654. S2CID 84413990.
^ abLarson, R. J.; Harbison, G. R. (1990). "Medusae from Mcmurdo Sound, Ross Sea including the descriptions of two new species, Leuckartiara brownei and Benthocodon hyalinus". Polar Biology. 11. doi:10.1007/BF00236517. S2CID 19335199.
^Pakhomov, E. A.; Perissinotto, R.; McQuaid, C. D. (1996). "Prey composition and daily rations of myctophid fishes in the Southern Ocean" (PDF). Marine Ecology Progress Series. 134: 1–14. Bibcode:1996MEPS..134....1P. doi:10.3354/meps134001.
^Mesa, M. L.; Vacchi, M.; Zunini Sertorio, T. (2000). "Feeding plasticity of Trematomus newnesi (Pisces, Nototheniidae) in Terra Nova Bay, Ross Sea, in relation to environmental conditions". Polar Biology. 23: 38–45. doi:10.1007/s003000050006. S2CID 12618875.
^Foster, B. A.; Montgomery, J. C. (1993). "Planktivory in benthic nototheniid fish in McMurdo Sound, Antarctica". Environmental Biology of Fishes. 36 (3): 313. doi:10.1007/BF00001727. S2CID 22130551.
Hunt B., Strugnell J., Bednarsek N., Linse K., Nelson R.J., Pakhomov E., Seibel B., Steinke D. & Würzberg L. (2010). Poles apart: The "bipolar" pteropod species Limacina helicina is genetically distinct between the Arctic and Antarctic Oceans. PLoS One 5(3):e9835
External linksedit
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Limacina rangii.
Map of distribution of Limacina antarctica at Marine Species Identification Portal.
December 20, 2023
limacina, rangii, this, taxon, invalid, taxon, inquirendum, redirect, correct, taxon, request, deletion, adding, subst, prod, concern, text, this, article, talk, page, more, information, 2019, species, swimming, snail, family, limacinidae, which, belong, group. This taxon may be invalid taxon inquirendum Redirect to the correct taxon or request deletion by adding a subst prod concern TEXT tag See this article s talk page for more information Jan 2019 Limacina rangii is a species of swimming sea snail in the family Limacinidae 2 which belong to the group commonly known as sea butterflies Thecosomata Limacina rangiiScientific classificationKingdom AnimaliaPhylum MolluscaClass Gastropoda unranked clade Heterobranchiaclade Euthyneura clade Euopisthobranchia clade ThecosomataSuperfamily LimacinoideaFamily LimacinidaeGenus LimacinaSpecies C rangiiBinomial nameLimacina rangiiWoodward 1854 1 SynonymsAtlanta rangii d Orbigny 1834 original combination Limacina antarctica Woodward 1854 Limacina antarctica f rangii d Orbigny 1834 Limacina cucullata Gould 1852 Limacina helicina antarctica Woodward 1854 Limacina helicina f antarctica Woodward 1854 Limacina rangii f antarctica Woodward 1854 Limacina rangii f rangii d Orbigny 1834 Limacina rangii is a keystone species of the mesozooplankton of Antarctic pelagic ecosystems 3 Main article Limacina helicina Subspecies Until 2010 this taxon was known only as Limacina helicina antarctica or as Limacina helicina f antarctica Limacina rangii is however now considered to be a separate species from Limacina helicina based on cytochrome c oxidase subunit I COI gene sequences 4 Drawing of Limacina rangiiContents 1 Distribution 2 Description 3 Ecology 4 References 5 External linksDistribution editThe distribution of Limacina rangii is circumglobal south of 50 S 5 This species occurs in the Weddell Sea 6 and Ross Sea in the Antarctic 7 and in Cumberland Bay South Georgia 8 and other localities in the Southern Ocean Description editLimacina rangii has a sinistral and very thin shell 3 The shell thickness is approximately 2 9 mm 3 There are ribs on the surface of the shell 3 There are differences in the shell structure between Limacina rangii and Limacina helicina 3 The width of the shell is 0 5 6 mm 3 nbsp Apertural view nbsp Umbilical view Ecology editLimacina rangii is a holoplanktonic species It is very abundant in the Southern Ocean with up to 2681 individuals per m3 9 This species is abundant in the Ross Sea Antarctica 10 It is sometimes even more abundant than krill 10 11 Limacina rangii feeds mainly on phytoplankton and also on zooplankton but less so 10 It catches its prey using mucus webs 10 This snail is a primary consumer and directly depends on phytoplankton 10 When the phytoplankton is reduced the population of Limacina rangii is also reduced 10 and it can even disappear as happened in McMurdo Sound in the summer of 2000 2001 10 It is considered an indicator species of the health of the ecosystem 10 Under different conditions in McMurdo Sound there can be over 300 individuals per m3 which is over 20 of the biomass of zooplankton 10 Fecal pellets of Limacina rangii and its quantity have been firstly described by Manno et al 2010 12 Fecal pellets are oval greenish brown and with peritrophic membrane 12 A size of a single pellet varies from 103 mm 286600 mm3 to 120 mm 440 610 mm3 12 A single Limacina rangii produces about 6 11 pellets daily 12 Population of Limacina rangii in the studied area in the Ross Sea produced from about 71 000 pellets per square meter per year to about 362 000 pellets per square meter per year 12 Fecal pellets of Limacina rangii has contributed to about 19 of flux of organic carbon 12 Fecal pellets of Limacina rangii together with dead Limacina rangii can cover up to 72 estimation of organic carbon flux to the deep water 12 Limacina rangii probably affect carbon cycle resources of phytoplankton and dimethyl sulfide emission by phytoplankton that may have impact on the Earth s climate 10 Many 10 predators depend on Limacina rangii as their food source The gastropod Clione antarctica feeds only on Limacina rangii 13 10 There is a coevolutionary relationship between this specialized predator and its prey their life cycles are parallel 10 The medusae Solmundella bitentaculata 14 and Diplulmaris antarctica 14 nbsp The myctophid fish Ceratoscopelus warmingii is one of numerous fish species that prey on Limacina rangiiFish in the family Myctophidae heavily depend on Limacina rangii 10 Limacina are food for a number of myctophid fishes in the Southern Ocean Electrona antarctica Electrona paucirastra Electrona subaspera Metelectrona herwigi Protomyctophum normani Diaphus taaningi Diaphus hudsoni Gymnoscopelus nicholsi Ceratoscopelus warmingii and Symbolophorus boops 15 Also notothenioid fish family Nototheniidae heavily depend on Limacina rangii as food 10 For example fishes Trematomus newnesi 16 Trematomus bernacchii Trematomus hansoni Trematomus centronotus and Pagothenia borchgrevink 17 Whales heavily depend on this species 10 References edit Woodward S P 1854 A manual of the Mollusca or A rudimentary treatise of recent and fossil shells 2 207 London Plate 14 figure 41 Bouchet P 2014 Limacina rangii d Orbigny 1834 Accessed through World Register of Marine Species at http www marinespecies org aphia php p taxdetails amp id 719583 on 2015 01 24 a b c d e f Sato Okoshi W Okoshi K Sasaki H Akiha F 2010 Shell structure of two polar pelagic molluscs Arctic Limacina helicina and Antarctic Limacina helicina antarctica forma antarctica Polar Biology 33 11 1577 doi 10 1007 s00300 010 0849 1 S2CID 24975779 Hunt B Strugnell J Bednarsek N Linse K Nelson R J Pakhomov E Seibel B Steinke D Wurzberg L 2010 Finkel Zoe ed Poles Apart The Bipolar Pteropod Species Limacina helicina is Genetically Distinct Between the Arctic and Antarctic Oceans PLOS ONE 5 3 e9835 Bibcode 2010PLoSO 5 9835H doi 10 1371 journal pone 0009835 PMC 2847597 PMID 20360985 Limacina helicina antarctica antarctica Marine Species Identification Portal accessed 9 February 2011 Linse K Brandt A Hilbig B Wegener G 2004 Composition and distribution of suprabenthic fauna in the south eastern Weddell Sea and off King George Island Antarctic Science 14 1 3 Bibcode 2002AntSc 14 3L doi 10 1017 S0954102002000512 S2CID 131602642 Accornero A Manno C Esposito F Gambi M C 2003 The vertical flux of particulate matter in the polynya of Terra Nova Bay Part II Biological components Antarctic Science 15 2 175 Bibcode 2003AntSc 15 175A doi 10 1017 S0954102003001214 S2CID 140569375 PDF Ward P 2004 The distribution of zooplankton in an Antarctic fjord at South Georgia during summer and winter Antarctic Science 1 2 141 150 doi 10 1017 S0954102089000210 S2CID 131504895 Comeau S Gorsky G Jeffree R Teyssie J L Gattuso J P 2009 Impact of ocean acidification on a key Arctic pelagic mollusc Limacina helicina Biogeosciences 6 9 1877 Bibcode 2009BGeo 6 1877C doi 10 5194 bg 6 1877 2009 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Seibel B A Dierssen H M 2003 Cascading trophic impacts of reduced biomass in the Ross Sea Antarctica Just the tip of the iceberg The Biological Bulletin 205 2 93 97 doi 10 2307 1543229 JSTOR 1543229 PMID 14583506 S2CID 27427399 Orr J C Fabry V J Aumont O Bopp L Doney S C Feely R A Gnanadesikan A Gruber N Ishida A Joos F Key R M Lindsay K Maier Reimer E Matear R Monfray P Mouchet A Najjar R G Plattner G K Rodgers K B Sabine C L Sarmiento J L Schlitzer R Slater R D Totterdell I J Weirig M F Yamanaka Y Yool A 2005 Anthropogenic ocean acidification over the twenty first century and its impact on calcifying organisms PDF Nature 437 7059 681 686 Bibcode 2005Natur 437 681O doi 10 1038 nature04095 PMID 16193043 S2CID 4306199 PDF Archived 2008 06 25 at the Wayback Machine author s draft a b c d e f g Manno C Tirelli V Accornero A Fonda Umani S 2009 Importance of the contribution of Limacina helicina faecal pellets to the carbon pump in Terra Nova Bay Antarctica Journal of Plankton Research 32 2 145 doi 10 1093 plankt fbp108 Whitehead K Karentz D Hedges J 2001 Mycosporine like amino acids MAAs in phytoplankton a herbivorous pteropod Limacina helicina and its pteropod predator Clione antarctica in McMurdo Bay Antarctica Marine Biology 139 5 1013 doi 10 1007 s002270100654 S2CID 84413990 a b Larson R J Harbison G R 1990 Medusae from Mcmurdo Sound Ross Sea including the descriptions of two new species Leuckartiara brownei and Benthocodon hyalinus Polar Biology 11 doi 10 1007 BF00236517 S2CID 19335199 Pakhomov E A Perissinotto R McQuaid C D 1996 Prey composition and daily rations of myctophid fishes in the Southern Ocean PDF Marine Ecology Progress Series 134 1 14 Bibcode 1996MEPS 134 1P doi 10 3354 meps134001 Mesa M L Vacchi M Zunini Sertorio T 2000 Feeding plasticity of Trematomus newnesi Pisces Nototheniidae in Terra Nova Bay Ross Sea in relation to environmental conditions Polar Biology 23 38 45 doi 10 1007 s003000050006 S2CID 12618875 Foster B A Montgomery J C 1993 Planktivory in benthic nototheniid fish in McMurdo Sound Antarctica Environmental Biology of Fishes 36 3 313 doi 10 1007 BF00001727 S2CID 22130551 Hunt B Strugnell J Bednarsek N Linse K Nelson R J Pakhomov E Seibel B Steinke D amp Wurzberg L 2010 Poles apart The bipolar pteropod species Limacina helicina is genetically distinct between the Arctic and Antarctic Oceans PLoS One 5 3 e9835External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Limacina rangii Map of distribution of Limacina antarctica at Marine Species Identification Portal Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Limacina rangii amp oldid 1131250670, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
