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Lima metropolitan area

The Lima Metropolitan Area (Spanish: Área Metropolitana de Lima, also known as Lima Metropolitana) is an area formed by the conurbation of the Peruvian provinces of Lima (the nation's capital) and Callao.[2] It is the largest of the metropolitan areas of Peru, the seventh largest in the Americas, the fourth largest in Latin America, and among the thirty largest in the world. The conurbation process started to be evident in the 1980s.

Lima Metropolitan Area
Country Peru
RegionLima
ProvinceLima and Callao
Core cityLima
Population
 (estimated 2022)
 • Total11,804,609 [1]
Time zoneUTC-5 (PET)

The metropolitan area is composed of five subregions. These are Lima Norte, Lima Sur, Lima Este, Central Lima, and Callao. Its estimated 2020 population is over 11 million according to the INEI.

History edit

The City of the Kings (Lima) was founded by Spanish colonists on January 18, 1535. The port of Callao was founded similarly two years later (1537). The city of Lima began when Francisco Pizarro declared it at what is known in Christianity as the Epiphany. He declared it at the center of the city, the Plaza Mayor. It would become the most important city in South America.

The city of Callao has also been highly important, as for hundreds of years it was the only port in all of the Viceroyalty of Peru (all of Spanish South America at the time) allowed to ship anything to the rest of the world. For hundreds of years, Lima and Callao were separated by a desert. This did not diminish the importance of the union between the two cities. It was not until the 19th century, that they were connected by a railroad. The metropolitan linkage between these two cities did not start until they both grew enough to, in essence, crash into each other.

Present day edit

In the present day, Lima is the most important metropolis in Peru and in the Andean region. The area's financial district is San Isidro. It is home to a large concentration of business centers, skyscrapers, and commerce. Miraflores and Barranco are two districts where the city's nightlife is mainly based in. Parts of the metropolis can be lively; music at night is common in some areas. Today different areas of the city have differing aspects and showcase variations in culture caused by varying times of settlement, differences in socio-economic level and immigration from other parts of Peru. The downtown area, unlike many downtowns in other major cities, is largely a historic district, and is home to many cathedrals and churches built during the Spanish colonial period.

In the latter half of the 20th century, the city has grown rapidly by migration from other regions of Peru. Many of these migrants began to form new communities called pueblos jovenes and asentamientos humanos, literally young towns and human settlements. These towns are similar to the favelas of Brazil, but considerably smaller. Many of them, have no running water or electricity and the city has been unable to provide the infrastructure to all the new residents. Many of the communities, such as Comas, and Villa El Salvador have evolved into modern districts, where residents have found the better life they were searching for.

Geography edit

The conurbation has an area of 2,819.26 km2. It is concentrated mainly in the coastal area and runs north–south along the Pacific coast for almost 200 km, beginning in the district of Ancón, on the border with the Huaral Province of the Lima region, and ending in the district of Pucusana, on the border with the Cañete Province, also in the Lima region. The Rímac, Chillón and Lurín rivers pass through the area. It is made up of in total 50 districts (43 of Lima Province and 7 of Constitutional Province of Callao). Most of the area is located in the desert whereas the eastern portion is located in the foothills of the Andes. It is the world's second largest desert city after Cairo, Egypt. The Lima metropolitan area is informally divided into five areas, Northern Lima, Southern Lima, Eastern Lima, Centro Lima and Callao.

Transportation edit

Today, Lima and Callao have conurbanized to the point that only signs mark the borders. Hundreds of streets and highways link the two cities.

  • Taxicabs vary in quality of service and price. Most can be simply stopped at any street, private taxi companies can be called to pick up passengers at a certain address. To improve the quality of taxis running in Lima, a new law was passed to prohibit importing used cars; thanks to this law, the city of Lima has ensured that taxis and other motorists drive increasingly new vehicles, thereby reducing smog.
  • Bus

Numerous inter-urban bus companies offer transportation to other cities in Peru. Quality varies depending on the price, from luxury express buses to ill-maintained and crowded micros.

El Metropolitano: The newly completed bus system called Metropolitano is an above-ground mass-transit system which traverses the north area, the north-central area, the downtown, other residential districts, the financial district, the south central area, and the Cono Sur. The system starts in Chorrillos (southern Lima) and finishes in the limit of Independencia and Comas (northern Lima). Plans for additional lines were abandoned in favor of adding complementary lines to the existing route.[3]

Lima Metro: In 2010, the government of Alan García renewed the project of Lima Metro, starting with the construction of Line 1. It calls for the construction and implementation of 11.7 kilometres (7.3 mi) (with a total of 22.5 kilometres (14.0 mi)) of viaduct elevated of double ramp from the Atocongo Bridge to downtown Lima. The Lima Metro Line 1 is being built by a consortium made up by two engineering and construction companies. It is estimated that construction will be complete by December 2010, with remaining work the electrification of the line. Siemens Engineering has responsibility for that portion. The first part of Line 1 must be completed in June 2011 and starts daily operations in July 2011.

 
Map showing six subregions of the Lima metropolitan area

Lima's main passenger gateway for national and international air travelers is Jorge Chávez International Airport located in Callao (11 km. northwest from the center).

Population distribution edit

% of the metro area's total population, sorted by district areas:

Growth of the metropolitan area edit

The following maps show how the Lima/Callao metropolitan area has grown over the years. The first map shows the population in 1535, which is the year Lima was founded, and the last map shows the population in 2006.

Population of the Lima metropolitan area (1940–2017)
Sources:
Population 1940,[4] 1961, 1972, 1981,[5] 1993, 2007[6] 2017[7]

Future as a megacity edit

The Lima metropolitan area has become an unofficial megacity (a metropolitan area of more than ten million people) as of 2017. It was the first in the Andean States, the fourth in South America, the fifth in Latin America and the seventh in the Americas.

According to the Globalization and World Cities Research Network, Lima is currently a Beta + city, one subcategory away from being in the"Alpha" category.[8]

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ ".: REUNIS :. Repositorio Único Nacional de Información en Salud - Ministerio de Salud".
  2. ^ Lima Metropolitana is formed by the Province of Lima and the Constitutional Province of Callao in accordance with D.S. N°011-72-PM as of April 25, 1972
  3. ^ . Metropolitan Municipality of Lima. El Comercio. 2012. Archived from the original on March 14, 2014. Retrieved March 14, 2014.
  4. ^ Oswaldo Jave. "Las ciudad y la tuberculosis (page 9)" – via Scribd.
  5. ^ "Cambios Demograficos Oportunidad – Asociación Peruana de Demografía y Población (APDP)" – via Scribd.
  6. ^ Instituto Nacional De Estadistica E Informatica. "Censos Nacionales 2007:XI de población y VI de vivienda – Perfil Sociodemografico del Perú" (in Spanish) – via Scribd.
  7. ^ "Perú: Perfil Sociodemográfico" (PDF). Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática: 214. August 2018. (PDF) from the original on July 10, 2023.
  8. ^ . Globalization and World Cities Research Network. November 14, 2018. Archived from the original on November 14, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.

12°03′30″S 77°05′28″W / 12.0583°S 77.0911°W / -12.0583; -77.0911

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This article is about the area in Peru For the area in the U S see Lima metropolitan area Ohio The Lima Metropolitan Area Spanish Area Metropolitana de Lima also known as Lima Metropolitana is an area formed by the conurbation of the Peruvian provinces of Lima the nation s capital and Callao 2 It is the largest of the metropolitan areas of Peru the seventh largest in the Americas the fourth largest in Latin America and among the thirty largest in the world The conurbation process started to be evident in the 1980s Lima Metropolitan AreaCountry PeruRegionLimaProvinceLima and CallaoCore cityLimaPopulation estimated 2022 Total11 804 609 1 Time zoneUTC 5 PET The metropolitan area is composed of five subregions These are Lima Norte Lima Sur Lima Este Central Lima and Callao Its estimated 2020 population is over 11 million according to the INEI Contents 1 History 2 Present day 3 Geography 4 Transportation 4 1 Population distribution 4 2 Growth of the metropolitan area 4 3 Future as a megacity 5 See also 6 ReferencesHistory editThe City of the Kings Lima was founded by Spanish colonists on January 18 1535 The port of Callao was founded similarly two years later 1537 The city of Lima began when Francisco Pizarro declared it at what is known in Christianity as the Epiphany He declared it at the center of the city the Plaza Mayor It would become the most important city in South America The city of Callao has also been highly important as for hundreds of years it was the only port in all of the Viceroyalty of Peru all of Spanish South America at the time allowed to ship anything to the rest of the world For hundreds of years Lima and Callao were separated by a desert This did not diminish the importance of the union between the two cities It was not until the 19th century that they were connected by a railroad The metropolitan linkage between these two cities did not start until they both grew enough to in essence crash into each other Present day editIn the present day Lima is the most important metropolis in Peru and in the Andean region The area s financial district is San Isidro It is home to a large concentration of business centers skyscrapers and commerce Miraflores and Barranco are two districts where the city s nightlife is mainly based in Parts of the metropolis can be lively music at night is common in some areas Today different areas of the city have differing aspects and showcase variations in culture caused by varying times of settlement differences in socio economic level and immigration from other parts of Peru The downtown area unlike many downtowns in other major cities is largely a historic district and is home to many cathedrals and churches built during the Spanish colonial period In the latter half of the 20th century the city has grown rapidly by migration from other regions of Peru Many of these migrants began to form new communities called pueblos jovenes and asentamientos humanos literally young towns and human settlements These towns are similar to the favelas of Brazil but considerably smaller Many of them have no running water or electricity and the city has been unable to provide the infrastructure to all the new residents Many of the communities such as Comas and Villa El Salvador have evolved into modern districts where residents have found the better life they were searching for Geography editThe conurbation has an area of 2 819 26 km2 It is concentrated mainly in the coastal area and runs north south along the Pacific coast for almost 200 km beginning in the district of Ancon on the border with the Huaral Province of the Lima region and ending in the district of Pucusana on the border with the Canete Province also in the Lima region The Rimac Chillon and Lurin rivers pass through the area It is made up of in total 50 districts 43 of Lima Province and 7 of Constitutional Province of Callao Most of the area is located in the desert whereas the eastern portion is located in the foothills of the Andes It is the world s second largest desert city after Cairo Egypt The Lima metropolitan area is informally divided into five areas Northern Lima Southern Lima Eastern Lima Centro Lima and Callao Transportation editMain article Public transport in Lima Today Lima and Callao have conurbanized to the point that only signs mark the borders Hundreds of streets and highways link the two cities Taxicabs vary in quality of service and price Most can be simply stopped at any street private taxi companies can be called to pick up passengers at a certain address To improve the quality of taxis running in Lima a new law was passed to prohibit importing used cars thanks to this law the city of Lima has ensured that taxis and other motorists drive increasingly new vehicles thereby reducing smog Bus Numerous inter urban bus companies offer transportation to other cities in Peru Quality varies depending on the price from luxury express buses to ill maintained and crowded micros Mass transit systems El Metropolitano The newly completed bus system called Metropolitano is an above ground mass transit system which traverses the north area the north central area the downtown other residential districts the financial district the south central area and the Cono Sur The system starts in Chorrillos southern Lima and finishes in the limit of Independencia and Comas northern Lima Plans for additional lines were abandoned in favor of adding complementary lines to the existing route 3 Lima Metro In 2010 the government of Alan Garcia renewed the project of Lima Metro starting with the construction of Line 1 It calls for the construction and implementation of 11 7 kilometres 7 3 mi with a total of 22 5 kilometres 14 0 mi of viaduct elevated of double ramp from the Atocongo Bridge to downtown Lima The Lima Metro Line 1 is being built by a consortium made up by two engineering and construction companies It is estimated that construction will be complete by December 2010 with remaining work the electrification of the line Siemens Engineering has responsibility for that portion The first part of Line 1 must be completed in June 2011 and starts daily operations in July 2011 nbsp Map showing six subregions of the Lima metropolitan area Air transport Lima s main passenger gateway for national and international air travelers is Jorge Chavez International Airport located in Callao 11 km northwest from the center Population distribution edit of the metro area s total population sorted by district areas Lima Norte Ancon Carabayllo Comas Independencia Los Olivos Puente Piedra Rimac San Martin de Porres Santa Rosa 26 Lima Este Ate Cieneguilla Chaclacayo El Agustino La Molina Lurigancho Chosica San Juan de Lurigancho San Luis Santa Anita 12 Lima Sur Barranco Chorrillos Lurin Pachacamac Pucusana Punta Hermosa Punta Negra San Bartolo San Juan de Miraflores Santa Maria del Mar Villa el Salvador Villa Maria del Triunfo 20 Central Lima Brena La Victoria Lima Lince Pueblo Libre San Miguel 11 Residential Lima Jesus Maria Magdalena del Mar Miraflores San Borja San Isidro Santiago de Surco Surquillo 19 Callao Bellavista Callao District Carmen de la Legua Reynoso La Perla La Punta Ventanilla District 12 Growth of the metropolitan area edit The following maps show how the Lima Callao metropolitan area has grown over the years The first map shows the population in 1535 which is the year Lima was founded and the last map shows the population in 2006 Population of the Lima metropolitan area 1940 2017 Sources Population 1940 4 1961 1972 1981 5 1993 2007 6 2017 7 Future as a megacity edit The Lima metropolitan area has become an unofficial megacity a metropolitan area of more than ten million people as of 2017 It was the first in the Andean States the fourth in South America the fifth in Latin America and the seventh in the Americas According to the Globalization and World Cities Research Network Lima is currently a Beta city one subcategory away from being in the Alpha category 8 See also editList of metropolitan areas of Peru Lima Callao Peru Metropolitan area List of Latin American cities by populationReferences edit REUNIS Repositorio Unico Nacional de Informacion en Salud Ministerio de Salud Lima Metropolitana is formed by the Province of Lima and the Constitutional Province of Callao in accordance with D S N 011 72 PM as of April 25 1972 Se implementaran en simultaneo Metropolitan Municipality of Lima El Comercio 2012 Archived from the original on March 14 2014 Retrieved March 14 2014 Oswaldo Jave Las ciudad y la tuberculosis page 9 via Scribd Cambios Demograficos Oportunidad Asociacion Peruana de Demografia y Poblacion APDP via Scribd Instituto Nacional De Estadistica E Informatica Censos Nacionales 2007 XI de poblacion y VI de vivienda Perfil Sociodemografico del Peru in Spanish via Scribd Peru Perfil Sociodemografico PDF Instituto Nacional de Estadistica e Informatica 214 August 2018 Archived PDF from the original on July 10 2023 The World According to GaWC 2018 Globalization and World Cities Research Network November 14 2018 Archived from the original on November 14 2018 Retrieved November 14 2018 12 03 30 S 77 05 28 W 12 0583 S 77 0911 W 12 0583 77 0911 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Lima metropolitan area amp oldid 1220880373, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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