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Liberal government, 1905–1915

The Liberal government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland that began in 1905 and ended in 1915 consisted of two ministries: the first led by Henry Campbell-Bannerman (from 1905 to 1908) and the final three by H. H. Asquith (from 1908 onwards).

Henry Campbell-Bannerman led the government from 1905 to 1908 and was succeeded by H. H. Asquith.
Asquith led the government from 1908. He formed a coalition in 1915 during the First World War.

Formation edit

With the fall of Arthur Balfour's Conservative government in the United Kingdom in December 1905, the Liberals under Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman were called in to form a government. In the subsequent election, the Liberals won an enormous majority.[1] Campbell-Bannerman was succeeded as prime minister by H. H. Asquith in 1908.[2]

Policies edit

The Liberal government was supported by 29 Labour Party MPs. Chancellor David Lloyd George crafted the People's Budget and introduced a great deal of social legislation,[3] such as old age pensions and unemployment insurance for a significant part of the working population. For many working people, for whom in old age the threat of the workhouse was very real, these represented a very significant change. Equally groundbreaking was the Parliament Act 1911 which:

  • Removed the law-making veto from the House of Lords thus rendering it constitutionally most expedient to run any future government from the House of Commons
  • Enshrined into law the previous convention, which the Lords had broken in 1909, that the Lords may not reject Money Bills
  • Cut the length of Parliaments from seven years to five

Many of the members of Asquith's cabinet, however, opposed the social measures promulgated by leading figures such as Winston Churchill and David Lloyd George. This resistance was arguably a reflection of the extent to which many Liberals still adhered to the Party's Gladstonian, classical liberal tradition in spite of the growth of the "New Liberalism". Morley was opposed to both old-age pensions and the provisions of the Trade Boards Act of 1909, while Runciman was against the eight-hour day for miners and compensation for workers. Burns, Bryce, Loreburn, and W.S. Robson were opposed to land reform, insurance, and the feeding of schoolchildren,[4] while several cabinet members[5] (such as Crewe,[6] Fitzmaurice,[7] Harcourt,[8] and McKenna[9]) were critical of Lloyd George's progressive "People's Budget." Nevertheless, according to Neil Smith, the majority of the members of the Edwardian Liberal Cabinets were supportive of social reform and social progress.[10] As noted by one study,

They (the Liberal Cabinet members) sought to respond to the discontent of the electorate by using the existing structure of government to correct the ills of society through innovative legislation. Two-thirds of the Liberal candidates, including Edwin Montagu, had pledged support for such measures during the campaign. While their support was often expressed in general terms, their intent was clear: Social and economic reform must be the first order of the new government.[11]

Fate edit

Although the government lost a great deal of support by the two general elections of 1910, they managed to hold on by dint of support from the Irish Parliamentary Party. After early mismanagement during the First World War, particularly the failure of the Dardanelles Campaign, Asquith was forced to bring the Unionists into the government in a coalition.[12]

Cabinets edit

Campbell-Bannerman ministry edit

Campbell-Bannerman ministry
 
1905–1908
 
Campbell-Bannerman
Date formed5 December 1905 (1905-12-05)
Date dissolved5 April 1908 (1908-04-05)
People and organisations
MonarchEdward VII
Prime MinisterSir Henry Campbell-Bannerman
Member partyLiberal Party
Status in legislature
Opposition partyConservative Party
Opposition leaders
History
Election(s)1906 general election
Legislature term(s)
PredecessorBalfour ministry
SuccessorFirst Asquith ministry

Changes edit

Asquith ministry edit

Asquith ministries
 
 
Asquith (1908)
Date formed
  • First: 5 April 1908 (1908-04-05)
  • Second: 9 February 1910 (1910-02-09)
  • Third: 19 December 1910 (1910-12-19)
Date dissolved
  • First: 9 February 1910 (1910-02-09)
  • Second: 19 December 1910 (1910-12-19)
  • Third: 25 May 1915 (1915-05-25)
People and organisations
Monarch
Prime MinisterH. H. Asquith
Prime Minister's history1908–1916
Member partyLiberal Party
Status in legislature
Opposition partyConservative Party
Opposition leaders
History
Election(s)
Legislature term(s)
Budget(s)People's Budget
PredecessorC-Bannerman ministry
SuccessorAsquith coalition ministry
Office Name Term
Prime Minister
First Lord of the Treasury
H. H. Asquith May 1908 – May 1915
Lord Chancellor The Lord Loreburn[17] April 1908 – June 1912
The Viscount Haldane June 1912 – May 1915
Lord President of the Council The Lord Tweedmouth April–September 1908
The Viscount Wolverhampton September 1908 – June 1910
The Earl Beauchamp June–November 1910
The Viscount Morley of Blackburn November 1910 – August 1914
The Earl Beauchamp August 1914 – May 1915
Lord Privy Seal The Marquess of Ripon May–October 1908
The Earl of Crewe[18] October 1908 – October 1911
The Earl Carrington October 1911 – February 1912
The Marquess of Crewe February 1912 – May 1915
Chancellor of the Exchequer David Lloyd George May 1908 – May 1915
Home Secretary Herbert Gladstone May 1908 – February 1910
Winston Churchill February 1910 – October 1911
Reginald McKenna October 1911 – May 1915
Foreign Secretary Sir Edward Grey, Bt May 1908 – May 1915
Secretary of State for the Colonies The Earl of Crewe May 1908 – November 1910
Lewis Harcourt November 1910 – May 1915
Secretary of State for War Richard Haldane[19] May 1908 – June 1912
Jack Seely June 1912 – March 1914
H. H. Asquith March–August 1914
The Earl Kitchener August 1914 – May 1915
Secretary of State for India The Viscount Morley of Blackburn May 1908 – November 1910
The Earl of Crewe November 1910 – May 1915
First Lord of the Admiralty Reginald McKenna May 1908 – October 1911
Winston Churchill October 1911 – May 1915
Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster The Viscount Wolverhampton May–September 1908
The Lord FitzMaurice September 1908 – June 1909
Herbert Samuel June 1909 – May 1910
Joseph Pease May 1910 – October 1911
Charles Hobhouse October 1911 – February 1914
Charles Masterman February 1914 – January 1915
Edwin Samuel Montagu January–May 1915
President of the Board of Trade Winston Churchill May 1908 – February 1910
Sydney Buxton February 1910 – February 1914
John Burns February–August 1914
Walter Runciman August 1914 – May 1915
Secretary for Scotland John Sinclair[20] May 1908 – February 1912
Thomas McKinnon Wood February 1912 – May 1915
Chief Secretary for Ireland Augustine Birrell May 1908 – May 1915
President of the Local Government Board John Burns May 1908 – February 1914
Herbert Samuel February 1914 – May 1915'
President of the Board of Agriculture The Earl Carrington May 1908 – October 1911
Walter Runciman October 1911 – August 1914
The Lord Lucas August 1914 – May 1915
President of the Board of Education Walter Runciman May 1908 – October 1911
Joseph Pease October 1911 – May 1915
Postmaster General Sydney Buxton May 1908 – February 1910
Herbert Samuel February 1910 – February 1914
Charles Hobhouse February 1914 – May 1915
First Commissioner of Works Lewis Harcourt May 1908 – November 1910
The Earl Beauchamp November 1910 – August 1914
The Lord Emmott August 1914 – May 1915
Attorney General Sir Rufus Isaacs[21] June 1912 – October 1913
Sir John Simon October 1913 – May 1915

Changes edit

List of ministers edit

Members of the cabinet are in bold face.

Office Name Date
Prime Minister,
First Lord of the Treasury
and Leader of the House of Commons
Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman 5 December 1905
H. H. Asquith 5 April 1908 –
 25 May 1915
Chancellor of the Exchequer H. H. Asquith 10 December 1905
David Lloyd George 12 April 1908
Parliamentary Secretary to the Treasury
and Government Chief Whip in the House of Commons
George Whiteley 12 December 1905
Jack Pease 3 June 1908
The Master of Elibank 14 February 1910
Percy Illingworth 7 August 1912
John Gulland 24 January 1915
Financial Secretary to the Treasury Reginald McKenna 12 December 1905
Walter Runciman 29 January 1907
Charles Hobhouse 12 April 1908
Thomas McKinnon Wood 23 October 1911
Charles Masterman 13 February 1912
Edwin Montagu 11 February 1914
Francis Dyke Acland 3 February 1915
Junior Lords of the Treasury Herbert Lewis 18 December 1905 –
 7 July 1909
Jack Pease 18 December 1905 –
 3 June 1908
Freeman Freeman-Thomas 21 December 1905 –
 2 February 1906
Cecil Norton 21 December 1905 –
 7 July 1909
John Fuller 2 February 1906 –
 27 February 1907
John Henry Whitley 27 February 1907 –
 20 February 1910
Oswald Partington 7 July 1909 –
 19 January 1911
John Gulland 7 July 1909 –
 24 January 1915
William Wedgwood Benn 20 February 1910 –
 25 May 1915
Ernest Soares 20 February 1910 –
 16 April 1911
Percy Illingworth 28 February 1910 –
 7 August 1912
William Jones 19 January 1911 –
 25 May 1915
Freddie Guest 16 April 1911 –
 21 February 1912
Sir Arthur Haworth 23 February 1912 –
 16 April 1912
Henry Webb 16 April 1912 –
 25 May 1915
Cecil Beck 3 February 1915 –
 25 May 1915
Walter Rea 3 February 1915 –
 25 May 1915
Lord Chancellor The Lord Loreburn[a] 10 December 1905
The Viscount Haldane 10 June 1912
Lord President of the Council The Earl of Crewe 10 December 1905
The Lord Tweedmouth 12 April 1908
The Viscount Wolverhampton 13 October 1908
The Earl Beauchamp 16 June 1910
The Viscount Morley of Blackburn 3 November 1910
The Earl Beauchamp 5 August 1914
Lord Privy Seal The Marquess of Ripon[b] 10 December 1905
The Earl of Crewe[c] 9 October 1908
The Earl Carrington 23 October 1911
The Marquess of Crewe[d] 13 February 1912
Secretary of State for the Home Department Herbert Gladstone 10 December 1905
Winston Churchill 14 February 1910
Reginald McKenna 23 October 1911
Under-Secretary of State for the Home Department Herbert Samuel 12 December 1905
Charles Masterman 7 July 1909
Ellis Ellis-Griffith 19 February 1912
Cecil Harmsworth 4 February 1915
Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs Sir Edward Grey 10 December 1905
Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs Lord Edmond Fitzmaurice[e] 18 December 1905
Thomas McKinnon Wood 19 October 1908
Francis Dyke Acland 23 October 1911
Neil Primrose 4 February 1915
Secretary of State for the Colonies The Earl of Elgin 10 December 1905
The Earl of Crewe[f] 12 April 1908
Lewis Harcourt 3 November 1910
Under-Secretary of State for the Colonies Winston Churchill 12 December 1905
J. E. B. Seely 12 April 1908
The Lord Lucas of Crudwell 23 March 1911
The Lord Emmott 23 October 1911
The Lord Islington 10 August 1915
Secretary of State for War Richard Haldane[g] 10 December 1905
J. E. B. Seely 12 June 1912
H. H. Asquith[h] 30 March 1914
The Earl Kitchener 5 August 1914
Under-Secretary of State for War The Earl of Portsmouth 12 December 1905
The Lord Lucas of Crudwell 12 April 1908
J. E. B. Seely 23 March 1911
Harold Tennant 14 June 1912
Financial Secretary to the War Office Thomas Buchanan 14 December 1905
Francis Dyke Acland 12 April 1908
Charles Mallet 4 March 1910
Francis Dyke Acland 31 January 1911
Harold Tennant 25 October 1911
Harold Baker 14 June 1912
Secretary of State for India John Morley[i] 10 December 1905
The Earl of Crewe[j] 3 November 1910
The Viscount Morley of Blackburn 7 March 1911
The Earl of Crewe[k] 25 May 1911
Under-Secretary of State for India John Ellis 12 December 1905
Charles Hobhouse 29 January 1907
Thomas Buchanan 12 April 1908
The Master of Elibank 5 June 1909
Edwin Montagu 20 February 1910
Charles Roberts 17 February 1914
First Lord of the Admiralty The Lord Tweedmouth 10 December 1905
Reginald McKenna 12 April 1908
Winston Churchill 23 October 1911
Parliamentary and Financial Secretary to the Admiralty Edmund Robertson 12 December 1905
Thomas Macnamara 13 April 1908
Civil Lord of the Admiralty George Lambert 18 December 1905
President of the Board of Agriculture and Fisheries The Earl Carrington 10 December 1905
Walter Runciman 23 October 1911
The Lord Lucas of Crudwell 6 August 1914
Parliamentary Secretary to the Board of Agriculture and Fisheries Sir Edward Strachey 20 December 1909
The Lord Lucas 23 October 1911
Sir Harry Verney 10 August 1914
President of the Board of Education Augustine Birrell 10 December 1905
Reginald McKenna 23 January 1907
Walter Runciman 12 April 1908
Jack Pease 23 October 1911
Parliamentary Secretary to the Board of Education Thomas Lough 18 December 1905
Thomas McKinnon Wood 13 April 1908
Sir Charles Trevelyan 19 October 1908
Christopher Addison 10 August 1914
Chief Secretary for Ireland James Bryce 10 December 1905
Augustine Birrell 23 January 1907
Vice President of the Department of Agriculture for Ireland Sir Horace Plunkett 12 December 1905
Thomas Russell 21 May 1907
Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster Sir Henry Fowler[l] 10 December 1905
The Lord Fitzmaurice 13 October 1908
Herbert Samuel 25 June 1909
Jack Pease 14 February 1910
Charles Hobhouse 23 October 1911
Charles Masterman 11 February 1914
Edwin Montagu 3 February 1915
President of the Local Government Board John Burns 10 December 1905
Herbert Samuel 11 February 1914
Parliamentary Secretary to the Local Government Board Walter Runciman 18 December 1905
Thomas Macnamara 29 January 1907
Charles Masterman 12 April 1908
Herbert Lewis 7 July 1909
Paymaster General Richard Causton 12 December 1905
Ivor Guest[m] 23 February 1910
The Lord Strachie 23 May 1912
Postmaster-General Sydney Buxton 10 December 1905
Herbert Samuel 14 February 1910
Charles Hobhouse 11 February 1914
Assistant Postmaster-General Sir Henry Norman 3 January 1910
Cecil Norton 20 February 1910
Secretary for Scotland John Sinclair[n] 12 April 1908
Thomas McKinnon Wood 13 February 1912
President of the Board of Trade David Lloyd George 10 December 1905
Winston Churchill 12 April 1908
Sydney Buxton 14 February 1910
John Burns 11 February 1914
Walter Runciman 5 August 1914
Parliamentary Secretary to the Board of Trade Hudson Kearley[o] 18 December 1905
Harold Tennant 10 January 1909
J. M. Robertson 25 October 1911
First Commissioner of Works Lewis Harcourt[p] 10 December 1905
The Earl Beauchamp 3 November 1910
The Lord Emmott 6 August 1914
Attorney General Sir John Lawson Walton 12 December 1905
Sir William Robson 28 January 1908
Sir Rufus Isaacs[q] 7 October 1910
Sir John Simon 19 October 1913
Solicitor General Sir William Robson 12 December 1905
Sir Samuel Thomas Evans 28 January 1908
Sir Rufus Isaacs 6 March 1910
Sir John Simon 7 October 1910
Sir Stanley Buckmaster 19 October 1913
Lord Advocate Thomas Shaw 12 December 1905
Alexander Ure 14 February 1909
Robert Munro 30 October 1913
Solicitor General for Scotland Alexander Ure 18 December 1905
Arthur Dewar 18 February 1909
William Hunter 18 April 1910
Andrew Anderson 3 December 1911
Thomas Morison 30 October 1913
Attorney General for Ireland Richard Cherry 20 December 1905
Redmond Barry 2 December 1909
Charles O'Connor 26 September 1911
Ignatius O'Brien 24 June 1912
Thomas Molony 10 April 1913
John Moriarty 20 June 1913
Jonathan Pim 1 July 1914
Solicitor General for Ireland Redmond Barry 20 December 1905
Charles O'Connor 2 December 1909
Ignatius O'Brien 19 October 1911
Thomas Molony 24 June 1912
John Moriarty 25 April 1913
Jonathan Pim 20 June 1913
James O'Connor 1 July 1914
Lord Steward of the Household The Lord Hawkesbury[r] 18 December 1905
The Earl Beauchamp 31 July 1907
The Earl of Chesterfield 22 June 1910
Lord Chamberlain of the Household The Viscount Althorp[s] 18 December 1905
The Lord Sandhurst 14 February 1912
Vice-Chamberlain of the Household Wentworth Beaumont[t] 18 December 1905
John Fuller[u] 27 February 1907
Geoffrey Howard 6 February 1911
Master of the Horse The Earl of Sefton 18 December 1905
The Earl of Granard 6 September 1907
Treasurer of the Household Sir Edward Strachey 18 December 1905
William Dudley Ward 20 December 1909
Freddie Guest 21 February 1912
Comptroller of the Household The Master of Elibank 18 December 1905
The Earl of Liverpool 12 July 1909
The Lord Saye and Sele 1 November 1912
Government Chief Whip in the House of Lords The Lord Ribblesdale 18 December 1905
The Lord Denman 29 May 1907
The Lord Colebrooke 15 March 1911
Captain of the Gentlemen-at-Arms The Earl Beauchamp 18 December 1905
The Lord Denman 31 July 1907
The Lord Colebrooke 26 June 1911
Captain of the Yeomen of the Guard The Duke of Manchester 18 December 1905
The Lord Allendale 29 April 1907
The Earl of Craven 2 October 1911
Lords in Waiting The Lord Denman 18 December 1905 –
 31 July 1907
The Earl of Granard 18 December 1905 –
 21 August 1907
The Lord Acton 18 December 1905 –
 25 May 1915
The Earl Granville 18 December 1905 –
 25 May 1915
The Lord Hamilton of Dalzell 18 December 1905 –
 2 October 1911
The Lord Colebrooke 21 February 1906 –
 26 June 1911
The Lord Herschell 31 July 1907 –
 25 May 1915
The Lord O'Hagan 1 November 1907 –
 15 April 1910
The Lord Tweedmouth 15 April 1910 –
 4 December 1911
The Lord Willingdon 19 July 1911  –
  31 January 1913
The Viscount Allendale 2 October 1911 –
 25 May 1915
The Lord Ashby St Ledgers[v] 31 January 1913 –
 8 February 1915
The Lord Stanmore 1 May 1914 –
 25 May 1915
The Lord Ranksborough 8 February 1915 –
 25 May 1915
Notes
  1. ^ Created Earl Loreburn 4 July 1911.
  2. ^ Also Leader of the House of Lords 10 December 1905 – 14 April 1908.
  3. ^ Also Leader of the House of Lords; created Marquess of Crewe 3 July 1911.
  4. ^ Also Leader of the House of Lords.
  5. ^ Created Baron Fitzmaurice 9 January 1906.
  6. ^ Also Leader of the House of Lords.
  7. ^ Created Viscount Haldane 27 March 1911.
  8. ^ Also Prime Minister.
  9. ^ Created Viscount Morley of Blackburn 2 May 1908.
  10. ^ Also Leader of the House of Lords.
  11. ^ Also Leader of the House of Lords; created Marquess of Crewe 3 July 1911.
  12. ^ Created Viscount Wolverhampton 4 May 1908.
  13. ^ Created Lord Ashby St Ledgers 15 March 1910.
  14. ^ Created Baron Pentland 15 February 1909.
  15. ^ Created a Baronet 22 July 1908.
  16. ^ Entered cabinet 27 March 1907.
  17. ^ Entered cabinet 4 June 1912.
  18. ^ Created Earl of Liverpool 22 December 1905.
  19. ^ Succeeded as 6th Earl Spencer 13 August 1910.
  20. ^ Succeeded as 2nd Lord Allendale 13 February 1907.
  21. ^ Created a Baronet 7 July 1910.
  22. ^ Succeeded as 2nd Lord Wimborne 22 February 1914.

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ A. K. Russell, Liberal landslide : the general election of 1906 (1973).
  2. ^ Tuchman, Barbara. The Guns of August. Ed. Margaret Macmillan. New York: Library of America, 2008. p. 66.
  3. ^ John Grigg, Lloyd George: The People's Champion, 1902–1911 (1978)
  4. ^ Tanner, Duncan (1990). "Ideas and politics, 1906-1914". Political Change and the Labour Party 1900-1918. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 48. ISBN 0521329817.
  5. ^ Murray, Bruce (Autumn 2009). "The "People's Budget" A Century On" (PDF). Journal of Liberal History (64). Liberal Democrat History Group: 4–13. Retrieved 9 August 2015.
  6. ^ Waterhouse, Michael (2013). Edwardian Requiem: A Life of Sir Edward Grey. London: Biteback Publishing Ltd. ISBN 9781849545808.
  7. ^ Murray, Bruce (1980). "The Budget in the Cabinet". The People's Budget: 1909–1910 ; Lloyd George and Liberal Politics. Clarendon Press. p. 149.
  8. ^ Jackson, Patrick (Autumn 2003). "Biography: Lewis Harcourt" (PDF). Journal of Liberal History (40). Liberal Democrat History Group: 14–17.
  9. ^ Campbell, John (2010). "H. H. Asquith and David Lloyd George". Pistols at Dawn: Two Hundred Years of Political Rivalry from Pitt and Fox to Blair and Brown. London: Vintage. p. 149. ISBN 9781845950910.
  10. ^ Smith, Neil (1972). "Social reform in Edwardian liberalism: the genesis of the policies of national insurance and old age pensions, 1906–11 - Durham e-Theses". Durham E-Theses. Retrieved 9 August 2015.
  11. ^ Naomi Levine (1991). Politics, Religion, and Love: The Story of H.H. Asquith, Venetia Stanley, and Edwin Montagu, Based on the Life and Letters of Edwin Samuel Montagu. NYU Press. pp. 82–83.
  12. ^ Keegan, John. The First World War. New York: Vintage, 1998. p. 320.
  13. ^ All posts referenced in Cook, Chris. The Routledge Companion to Britain in the Nineteenth Century, 1815–1914. Abingdon: Routledge, 2005. p. 52.
  14. ^ Daglish, Neal. Education Policy Making in England and Wales: The Crucible Years, 1895-1911. Abingdon: Routledge, 2013. p. 315.
  15. ^ Jenkins, Roy. Churchill: A Biography. New York: MacMillan, 2001. p. 123.
  16. ^ a b c Englefield, Dermot; Seaton, Janet; White, Isobel (1995). Facts About the British Prime Ministers. Mansell Publishing Limited. p. 412. ISBN 978-0-7201-2306-7.
  17. ^ Earl Loreburn from 1911.
  18. ^ Marquess of Crewe from 1911
  19. ^ Viscount Haldane from 1911
  20. ^ Lord Pentland from 1909
  21. ^ Lord Reading from 1913.

Further reading edit

  • Blewett, Neal. Peers, the Parties and the People: General Elections of 1910 (1972).
  • Brooks, David. The Age of Upheaval: Edwardian Politics, 1899-1914 (1995)
  • Butler, David and Gareth Butler. Twentieth Century British Political Facts, 1900–2000. (St. Martin's, 2000)
  • Cross, Colin. The Liberals in Power, 1905-1914 (1963) online
  • Daglish, N. D. "A 'difficult and somewhat thankless task': politics, religion and the Education Bill of 1908." Journal of educational administration and history 31.1 (1999): 19–35.
  • Gilbert, Bentley Brinkerhoff. "David Lloyd George: Land, The Budget, and Social Reform." American Historical Review 81.5 (1976): 1058–1066.
  • Gilbert, Bentley B. "David Lloyd George: the reform of British landholding and the budget of 1914." Historical Journal 21.1 (1978): 117–141.
  • Grigg, John. Lloyd George: The People's Champion, 1902–1911 (1978). biography
  • Halévy, Elie. History of the English People, 1905-1914 (1934), 686pp. a major political history
  • Hay, James Roy. Origins of the Liberal Welfare Reforms, 1906–14 (1975) 78pp online
  • Jenkins, Roy. Asquith: portrait of a man and an era (1964)
  • Quinault, Roland. "Asquith's Liberalism." History 77.249 (1992): 33–49.
  • Russell, A. K. Liberal landslide : the general election of 1906 (1973).
  • Searle, G. R. A New England?: peace and war, 1886–1918 (Oxford UP, 2004), wide-ranging scholarly survey, 952 pp.

Primary sources and year books edit

  • Annual Register 1906
  • Annual Register 1907
  • Statistical Abstract of the United Kingdom annual 1901–1909, online
  • The Liberal Year Book: 1908. 1907., 370pp

liberal, government, 1905, 1915, liberal, government, united, kingdom, great, britain, ireland, that, began, 1905, ended, 1915, consisted, ministries, first, henry, campbell, bannerman, from, 1905, 1908, final, three, asquith, from, 1908, onwards, henry, campb. The Liberal government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland that began in 1905 and ended in 1915 consisted of two ministries the first led by Henry Campbell Bannerman from 1905 to 1908 and the final three by H H Asquith from 1908 onwards Henry Campbell Bannerman led the government from 1905 to 1908 and was succeeded by H H Asquith Asquith led the government from 1908 He formed a coalition in 1915 during the First World War Contents 1 Formation 2 Policies 3 Fate 4 Cabinets 4 1 Campbell Bannerman ministry 4 1 1 Changes 4 2 Asquith ministry 4 2 1 Changes 5 List of ministers 6 See also 7 References 8 Further reading 8 1 Primary sources and year booksFormation editWith the fall of Arthur Balfour s Conservative government in the United Kingdom in December 1905 the Liberals under Sir Henry Campbell Bannerman were called in to form a government In the subsequent election the Liberals won an enormous majority 1 Campbell Bannerman was succeeded as prime minister by H H Asquith in 1908 2 Policies editMain article Liberal welfare reforms The Liberal government was supported by 29 Labour Party MPs Chancellor David Lloyd George crafted the People s Budget and introduced a great deal of social legislation 3 such as old age pensions and unemployment insurance for a significant part of the working population For many working people for whom in old age the threat of the workhouse was very real these represented a very significant change Equally groundbreaking was the Parliament Act 1911 which Removed the law making veto from the House of Lords thus rendering it constitutionally most expedient to run any future government from the House of Commons Enshrined into law the previous convention which the Lords had broken in 1909 that the Lords may not reject Money Bills Cut the length of Parliaments from seven years to five Many of the members of Asquith s cabinet however opposed the social measures promulgated by leading figures such as Winston Churchill and David Lloyd George This resistance was arguably a reflection of the extent to which many Liberals still adhered to the Party s Gladstonian classical liberal tradition in spite of the growth of the New Liberalism Morley was opposed to both old age pensions and the provisions of the Trade Boards Act of 1909 while Runciman was against the eight hour day for miners and compensation for workers Burns Bryce Loreburn and W S Robson were opposed to land reform insurance and the feeding of schoolchildren 4 while several cabinet members 5 such as Crewe 6 Fitzmaurice 7 Harcourt 8 and McKenna 9 were critical of Lloyd George s progressive People s Budget Nevertheless according to Neil Smith the majority of the members of the Edwardian Liberal Cabinets were supportive of social reform and social progress 10 As noted by one study They the Liberal Cabinet members sought to respond to the discontent of the electorate by using the existing structure of government to correct the ills of society through innovative legislation Two thirds of the Liberal candidates including Edwin Montagu had pledged support for such measures during the campaign While their support was often expressed in general terms their intent was clear Social and economic reform must be the first order of the new government 11 Fate editAlthough the government lost a great deal of support by the two general elections of 1910 they managed to hold on by dint of support from the Irish Parliamentary Party After early mismanagement during the First World War particularly the failure of the Dardanelles Campaign Asquith was forced to bring the Unionists into the government in a coalition 12 Cabinets editCampbell Bannerman ministry edit Campbell Bannerman ministry nbsp 1905 1908 nbsp Campbell BannermanDate formed5 December 1905 1905 12 05 Date dissolved5 April 1908 1908 04 05 People and organisationsMonarchEdward VIIPrime MinisterSir Henry Campbell BannermanMember partyLiberal PartyStatus in legislatureMinority 1905 1906 Majority 1906 1908 Opposition partyConservative PartyOpposition leadersArthur Balfour 1905 1906 Joseph Chamberlain 1906 Arthur Balfour 1906 1908 in the House of CommonsLord Lansdownein the House of LordsHistoryElection s 1906 general electionLegislature term s 27th UK Parliament28th UK ParliamentPredecessorBalfour ministrySuccessorFirst Asquith ministry Sir Henry Campbell Bannerman Prime Minister First Lord of the Treasury and Leader of the House of Commons 13 The Lord Loreburn Lord Chancellor The Earl of Crewe Lord President of the Council The Marquess of Ripon Lord Privy Seal and Leader of the House of Lords H H Asquith Chancellor of the Exchequer Herbert Gladstone Secretary of State for the Home Department Sir Edward Grey Bt Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs The Earl of Elgin Secretary of State for the Colonies Richard Haldane Secretary of State for War John Morley Secretary of State for India The Lord Tweedmouth First Lord of the Admiralty David Lloyd George President of the Board of Trade Sir Henry Fowler Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster Sir John Sinclair Secretary for Scotland James Bryce Chief Secretary for Ireland John Burns President of the Local Government Board The Earl Carrington President of the Board of Agriculture Augustine Birrell President of the Board of Education Sydney Buxton Postmaster General Changes edit January 1907 Augustine Birrell succeeds Bryce as Irish Secretary Reginald McKenna succeeds Birrell at the Board of Education 14 March 1907 Lewis Harcourt the First Commissioner of Works enters the cabinet 15 Asquith ministry edit Asquith ministries nbsp 1908 1910 16 Jan Dec 1910 16 1910 1915 16 nbsp Asquith 1908 Date formedFirst 5 April 1908 1908 04 05 Second 9 February 1910 1910 02 09 Third 19 December 1910 1910 12 19 Date dissolvedFirst 9 February 1910 1910 02 09 Second 19 December 1910 1910 12 19 Third 25 May 1915 1915 05 25 People and organisationsMonarchEdward VII 1908 1910 George V 1910 1915 Prime MinisterH H AsquithPrime Minister s history1908 1916Member partyLiberal PartyStatus in legislatureMajority 1908 1910 Minority 1910 1915 dependent on IPP supportOpposition partyConservative PartyOpposition leadersArthur Balfour 1908 1911 Bonar Law 1911 1915 in the House of CommonsLord Lansdownein the House of LordsHistoryElection s Jan 1910 general electionDec 1910 general electionLegislature term s 28th UK Parliament29th UK Parliament30th UK ParliamentBudget s People s BudgetPredecessorC Bannerman ministrySuccessorAsquith coalition ministry Office Name Term Prime MinisterFirst Lord of the Treasury H H Asquith May 1908 May 1915 Lord Chancellor The Lord Loreburn 17 April 1908 June 1912 The Viscount Haldane June 1912 May 1915 Lord President of the Council The Lord Tweedmouth April September 1908 The Viscount Wolverhampton September 1908 June 1910 The Earl Beauchamp June November 1910 The Viscount Morley of Blackburn November 1910 August 1914 The Earl Beauchamp August 1914 May 1915 Lord Privy Seal The Marquess of Ripon May October 1908 The Earl of Crewe 18 October 1908 October 1911 The Earl Carrington October 1911 February 1912 The Marquess of Crewe February 1912 May 1915 Chancellor of the Exchequer David Lloyd George May 1908 May 1915 Home Secretary Herbert Gladstone May 1908 February 1910 Winston Churchill February 1910 October 1911 Reginald McKenna October 1911 May 1915 Foreign Secretary Sir Edward Grey Bt May 1908 May 1915 Secretary of State for the Colonies The Earl of Crewe May 1908 November 1910 Lewis Harcourt November 1910 May 1915 Secretary of State for War Richard Haldane 19 May 1908 June 1912 Jack Seely June 1912 March 1914 H H Asquith March August 1914 The Earl Kitchener August 1914 May 1915 Secretary of State for India The Viscount Morley of Blackburn May 1908 November 1910 The Earl of Crewe November 1910 May 1915 First Lord of the Admiralty Reginald McKenna May 1908 October 1911 Winston Churchill October 1911 May 1915 Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster The Viscount Wolverhampton May September 1908 The Lord FitzMaurice September 1908 June 1909 Herbert Samuel June 1909 May 1910 Joseph Pease May 1910 October 1911 Charles Hobhouse October 1911 February 1914 Charles Masterman February 1914 January 1915 Edwin Samuel Montagu January May 1915 President of the Board of Trade Winston Churchill May 1908 February 1910 Sydney Buxton February 1910 February 1914 John Burns February August 1914 Walter Runciman August 1914 May 1915 Secretary for Scotland John Sinclair 20 May 1908 February 1912 Thomas McKinnon Wood February 1912 May 1915 Chief Secretary for Ireland Augustine Birrell May 1908 May 1915 President of the Local Government Board John Burns May 1908 February 1914 Herbert Samuel February 1914 May 1915 President of the Board of Agriculture The Earl Carrington May 1908 October 1911 Walter Runciman October 1911 August 1914 The Lord Lucas August 1914 May 1915 President of the Board of Education Walter Runciman May 1908 October 1911 Joseph Pease October 1911 May 1915 Postmaster General Sydney Buxton May 1908 February 1910 Herbert Samuel February 1910 February 1914 Charles Hobhouse February 1914 May 1915 First Commissioner of Works Lewis Harcourt May 1908 November 1910 The Earl Beauchamp November 1910 August 1914 The Lord Emmott August 1914 May 1915 Attorney General Sir Rufus Isaacs 21 June 1912 October 1913 Sir John Simon October 1913 May 1915 Changes edit September 1908 Lord Wolverhampton succeeds Lord Tweedmouth as Lord President Lord FitzMaurice succeeds Lord Wolverhampton as Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster October 1908 Lord Crewe succeeds Lord Ripon as Lord Privy Seal and Leader of the House of Lords while remaining also Colonial Secretary June 1909 Herbert Samuel succeeds Lord FitzMaurice at the Duchy of Lancaster February 1910 Winston Churchill succeeds Herbert Gladstone as Home Secretary Sydney Buxton succeeds Churchill at the Board of Trade Herbert Samuel succeeds Buxton as Postmaster General Joseph Pease succeeds Samuel as Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster June 1910 Lord Beauchamp succeeds Lord Wolverhampton as Lord President November 1910 Lord Beauchamp succeeds Lewis Vernon Harcourt as First Commissioner of Public Works Lord Morley of Blackburn succeeds Beauchamp as Lord President Lord Crewe succeeds Morley as India Secretary remaining also Lord Privy Seal Lewis Harcourt succeeds Crewe as Colonial Secretary October 1911 Winston Churchill and Reginald McKenna switch offices Churchill taking the Admiralty and McKenna the Home Office Lord Carrington succeeds Lord Crewe as Lord Privy Seal Crewe remains India Secretary Walter Runciman succeeds Lord Carrington at the Board of Agriculture Joseph Albert Pease succeeds Runciman at the Board of Education Charles Edward Henry Hobhouse succeeds Pease at the Duchy of Lancaster February 1912 Lord Crewe succeeds Lord Carrington as Lord Privy Seal remaining also India Secretary Thomas McKinnon Wood succeeds Lord Pentland as Secretary for Scotland June 1912 The Attorney General Sir Rufus Isaacs enters the cabinet Lord Haldane succeeds Lord Loreburn as Lord Chancellor Jack Seely succeeds Haldane as Secretary for War October 1913 Sir John Simon succeeds Sir Rufus Isaacs as Attorney General February 1914 John Burns succeeds Sydney Buxton as President of the Board of Trade Herbert Samuel succeeds Burns at the Local Government Board Sir Charles Edward Henry Hobhouse succeeds Samuel as Postmaster General Charles Frederick Gurney Masterman succeeds Hobhouse at the Duchy of Lancaster March 1914 Asquith temporarily succeeds Jack Seely as Secretary for War August 1914 Lord Beauchamp succeeds Lord Morley as Lord President Lord Emmott succeeds Beauchamp as First Commissioner of Public Works Walter Runciman succeeds John Burns as President of the Board of Trade Lord Lucas succeeds Runciman at the Board of Agriculture Lord Kitchener succeeds Asquith as Secretary for War January 1915 Edwin Samuel Montagu succeeds Charles Frederick Gurney Masterman as Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster List of ministers editMembers of the cabinet are in bold face Office Name Date Prime Minister First Lord of the Treasury and Leader of the House of Commons Sir Henry Campbell Bannerman 5 December 1905 H H Asquith 5 April 1908 25 May 1915 Chancellor of the Exchequer H H Asquith 10 December 1905 David Lloyd George 12 April 1908 Parliamentary Secretary to the Treasuryand Government Chief Whip in the House of Commons George Whiteley 12 December 1905 Jack Pease 3 June 1908 The Master of Elibank 14 February 1910 Percy Illingworth 7 August 1912 John Gulland 24 January 1915 Financial Secretary to the Treasury Reginald McKenna 12 December 1905 Walter Runciman 29 January 1907 Charles Hobhouse 12 April 1908 Thomas McKinnon Wood 23 October 1911 Charles Masterman 13 February 1912 Edwin Montagu 11 February 1914 Francis Dyke Acland 3 February 1915 Junior Lords of the Treasury Herbert Lewis 18 December 1905 7 July 1909 Jack Pease 18 December 1905 3 June 1908 Freeman Freeman Thomas 21 December 1905 2 February 1906 Cecil Norton 21 December 1905 7 July 1909 John Fuller 2 February 1906 27 February 1907 John Henry Whitley 27 February 1907 20 February 1910 Oswald Partington 7 July 1909 19 January 1911 John Gulland 7 July 1909 24 January 1915 William Wedgwood Benn 20 February 1910 25 May 1915 Ernest Soares 20 February 1910 16 April 1911 Percy Illingworth 28 February 1910 7 August 1912 William Jones 19 January 1911 25 May 1915 Freddie Guest 16 April 1911 21 February 1912 Sir Arthur Haworth 23 February 1912 16 April 1912 Henry Webb 16 April 1912 25 May 1915 Cecil Beck 3 February 1915 25 May 1915 Walter Rea 3 February 1915 25 May 1915 Lord Chancellor The Lord Loreburn a 10 December 1905 The Viscount Haldane 10 June 1912 Lord President of the Council The Earl of Crewe 10 December 1905 The Lord Tweedmouth 12 April 1908 The Viscount Wolverhampton 13 October 1908 The Earl Beauchamp 16 June 1910 The Viscount Morley of Blackburn 3 November 1910 The Earl Beauchamp 5 August 1914 Lord Privy Seal The Marquess of Ripon b 10 December 1905 The Earl of Crewe c 9 October 1908 The Earl Carrington 23 October 1911 The Marquess of Crewe d 13 February 1912 Secretary of State for the Home Department Herbert Gladstone 10 December 1905 Winston Churchill 14 February 1910 Reginald McKenna 23 October 1911 Under Secretary of State for the Home Department Herbert Samuel 12 December 1905 Charles Masterman 7 July 1909 Ellis Ellis Griffith 19 February 1912 Cecil Harmsworth 4 February 1915 Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs Sir Edward Grey 10 December 1905 Under Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs Lord Edmond Fitzmaurice e 18 December 1905 Thomas McKinnon Wood 19 October 1908 Francis Dyke Acland 23 October 1911 Neil Primrose 4 February 1915 Secretary of State for the Colonies The Earl of Elgin 10 December 1905 The Earl of Crewe f 12 April 1908 Lewis Harcourt 3 November 1910 Under Secretary of State for the Colonies Winston Churchill 12 December 1905 J E B Seely 12 April 1908 The Lord Lucas of Crudwell 23 March 1911 The Lord Emmott 23 October 1911 The Lord Islington 10 August 1915 Secretary of State for War Richard Haldane g 10 December 1905 J E B Seely 12 June 1912 H H Asquith h 30 March 1914 The Earl Kitchener 5 August 1914 Under Secretary of State for War The Earl of Portsmouth 12 December 1905 The Lord Lucas of Crudwell 12 April 1908 J E B Seely 23 March 1911 Harold Tennant 14 June 1912 Financial Secretary to the War Office Thomas Buchanan 14 December 1905 Francis Dyke Acland 12 April 1908 Charles Mallet 4 March 1910 Francis Dyke Acland 31 January 1911 Harold Tennant 25 October 1911 Harold Baker 14 June 1912 Secretary of State for India John Morley i 10 December 1905 The Earl of Crewe j 3 November 1910 The Viscount Morley of Blackburn 7 March 1911 The Earl of Crewe k 25 May 1911 Under Secretary of State for India John Ellis 12 December 1905 Charles Hobhouse 29 January 1907 Thomas Buchanan 12 April 1908 The Master of Elibank 5 June 1909 Edwin Montagu 20 February 1910 Charles Roberts 17 February 1914 First Lord of the Admiralty The Lord Tweedmouth 10 December 1905 Reginald McKenna 12 April 1908 Winston Churchill 23 October 1911 Parliamentary and Financial Secretary to the Admiralty Edmund Robertson 12 December 1905 Thomas Macnamara 13 April 1908 Civil Lord of the Admiralty George Lambert 18 December 1905 President of the Board of Agriculture and Fisheries The Earl Carrington 10 December 1905 Walter Runciman 23 October 1911 The Lord Lucas of Crudwell 6 August 1914 Parliamentary Secretary to the Board of Agriculture and Fisheries Sir Edward Strachey 20 December 1909 The Lord Lucas 23 October 1911 Sir Harry Verney 10 August 1914 President of the Board of Education Augustine Birrell 10 December 1905 Reginald McKenna 23 January 1907 Walter Runciman 12 April 1908 Jack Pease 23 October 1911 Parliamentary Secretary to the Board of Education Thomas Lough 18 December 1905 Thomas McKinnon Wood 13 April 1908 Sir Charles Trevelyan 19 October 1908 Christopher Addison 10 August 1914 Chief Secretary for Ireland James Bryce 10 December 1905 Augustine Birrell 23 January 1907 Vice President of the Department of Agriculture for Ireland Sir Horace Plunkett 12 December 1905 Thomas Russell 21 May 1907 Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster Sir Henry Fowler l 10 December 1905 The Lord Fitzmaurice 13 October 1908 Herbert Samuel 25 June 1909 Jack Pease 14 February 1910 Charles Hobhouse 23 October 1911 Charles Masterman 11 February 1914 Edwin Montagu 3 February 1915 President of the Local Government Board John Burns 10 December 1905 Herbert Samuel 11 February 1914 Parliamentary Secretary to the Local Government Board Walter Runciman 18 December 1905 Thomas Macnamara 29 January 1907 Charles Masterman 12 April 1908 Herbert Lewis 7 July 1909 Paymaster General Richard Causton 12 December 1905 Ivor Guest m 23 February 1910 The Lord Strachie 23 May 1912 Postmaster General Sydney Buxton 10 December 1905 Herbert Samuel 14 February 1910 Charles Hobhouse 11 February 1914 Assistant Postmaster General Sir Henry Norman 3 January 1910 Cecil Norton 20 February 1910 Secretary for Scotland John Sinclair n 12 April 1908 Thomas McKinnon Wood 13 February 1912 President of the Board of Trade David Lloyd George 10 December 1905 Winston Churchill 12 April 1908 Sydney Buxton 14 February 1910 John Burns 11 February 1914 Walter Runciman 5 August 1914 Parliamentary Secretary to the Board of Trade Hudson Kearley o 18 December 1905 Harold Tennant 10 January 1909 J M Robertson 25 October 1911 First Commissioner of Works Lewis Harcourt p 10 December 1905 The Earl Beauchamp 3 November 1910 The Lord Emmott 6 August 1914 Attorney General Sir John Lawson Walton 12 December 1905 Sir William Robson 28 January 1908 Sir Rufus Isaacs q 7 October 1910 Sir John Simon 19 October 1913 Solicitor General Sir William Robson 12 December 1905 Sir Samuel Thomas Evans 28 January 1908 Sir Rufus Isaacs 6 March 1910 Sir John Simon 7 October 1910 Sir Stanley Buckmaster 19 October 1913 Lord Advocate Thomas Shaw 12 December 1905 Alexander Ure 14 February 1909 Robert Munro 30 October 1913 Solicitor General for Scotland Alexander Ure 18 December 1905 Arthur Dewar 18 February 1909 William Hunter 18 April 1910 Andrew Anderson 3 December 1911 Thomas Morison 30 October 1913 Attorney General for Ireland Richard Cherry 20 December 1905 Redmond Barry 2 December 1909 Charles O Connor 26 September 1911 Ignatius O Brien 24 June 1912 Thomas Molony 10 April 1913 John Moriarty 20 June 1913 Jonathan Pim 1 July 1914 Solicitor General for Ireland Redmond Barry 20 December 1905 Charles O Connor 2 December 1909 Ignatius O Brien 19 October 1911 Thomas Molony 24 June 1912 John Moriarty 25 April 1913 Jonathan Pim 20 June 1913 James O Connor 1 July 1914 Lord Steward of the Household The Lord Hawkesbury r 18 December 1905 The Earl Beauchamp 31 July 1907 The Earl of Chesterfield 22 June 1910 Lord Chamberlain of the Household The Viscount Althorp s 18 December 1905 The Lord Sandhurst 14 February 1912 Vice Chamberlain of the Household Wentworth Beaumont t 18 December 1905 John Fuller u 27 February 1907 Geoffrey Howard 6 February 1911 Master of the Horse The Earl of Sefton 18 December 1905 The Earl of Granard 6 September 1907 Treasurer of the Household Sir Edward Strachey 18 December 1905 William Dudley Ward 20 December 1909 Freddie Guest 21 February 1912 Comptroller of the Household The Master of Elibank 18 December 1905 The Earl of Liverpool 12 July 1909 The Lord Saye and Sele 1 November 1912 Government Chief Whip in the House of Lords The Lord Ribblesdale 18 December 1905 The Lord Denman 29 May 1907 The Lord Colebrooke 15 March 1911 Captain of the Gentlemen at Arms The Earl Beauchamp 18 December 1905 The Lord Denman 31 July 1907 The Lord Colebrooke 26 June 1911 Captain of the Yeomen of the Guard The Duke of Manchester 18 December 1905 The Lord Allendale 29 April 1907 The Earl of Craven 2 October 1911 Lords in Waiting The Lord Denman 18 December 1905 31 July 1907 The Earl of Granard 18 December 1905 21 August 1907 The Lord Acton 18 December 1905 25 May 1915 The Earl Granville 18 December 1905 25 May 1915 The Lord Hamilton of Dalzell 18 December 1905 2 October 1911 The Lord Colebrooke 21 February 1906 26 June 1911 The Lord Herschell 31 July 1907 25 May 1915 The Lord O Hagan 1 November 1907 15 April 1910 The Lord Tweedmouth 15 April 1910 4 December 1911 The Lord Willingdon 19 July 1911 31 January 1913 The Viscount Allendale 2 October 1911 25 May 1915 The Lord Ashby St Ledgers v 31 January 1913 8 February 1915 The Lord Stanmore 1 May 1914 25 May 1915 The Lord Ranksborough 8 February 1915 25 May 1915 Notes Created Earl Loreburn 4 July 1911 Also Leader of the House of Lords 10 December 1905 14 April 1908 Also Leader of the House of Lords created Marquess of Crewe 3 July 1911 Also Leader of the House of Lords Created Baron Fitzmaurice 9 January 1906 Also Leader of the House of Lords Created Viscount Haldane 27 March 1911 Also Prime Minister Created Viscount Morley of Blackburn 2 May 1908 Also Leader of the House of Lords Also Leader of the House of Lords created Marquess of Crewe 3 July 1911 Created Viscount Wolverhampton 4 May 1908 Created Lord Ashby St Ledgers 15 March 1910 Created Baron Pentland 15 February 1909 Created a Baronet 22 July 1908 Entered cabinet 27 March 1907 Entered cabinet 4 June 1912 Created Earl of Liverpool 22 December 1905 Succeeded as 6th Earl Spencer 13 August 1910 Succeeded as 2nd Lord Allendale 13 February 1907 Created a Baronet 7 July 1910 Succeeded as 2nd Lord Wimborne 22 February 1914 See also editEdwardian era List of British governmentsReferences edit A K Russell Liberal landslide the general election of 1906 1973 Tuchman Barbara The Guns of August Ed Margaret Macmillan New York Library of America 2008 p 66 John Grigg Lloyd George The People s Champion 1902 1911 1978 Tanner Duncan 1990 Ideas and politics 1906 1914 Political Change and the Labour Party 1900 1918 Cambridge Cambridge University Press p 48 ISBN 0521329817 Murray Bruce Autumn 2009 The People s Budget A Century On PDF Journal of Liberal History 64 Liberal Democrat History Group 4 13 Retrieved 9 August 2015 Waterhouse Michael 2013 Edwardian Requiem A Life of Sir Edward Grey London Biteback Publishing Ltd ISBN 9781849545808 Murray Bruce 1980 The Budget in the Cabinet The People s Budget 1909 1910 Lloyd George and Liberal Politics Clarendon Press p 149 Jackson Patrick Autumn 2003 Biography Lewis Harcourt PDF Journal of Liberal History 40 Liberal Democrat History Group 14 17 Campbell John 2010 H H Asquith and David Lloyd George Pistols at Dawn Two Hundred Years of Political Rivalry from Pitt and Fox to Blair and Brown London Vintage p 149 ISBN 9781845950910 Smith Neil 1972 Social reform in Edwardian liberalism the genesis of the policies of national insurance and old age pensions 1906 11 Durham e Theses Durham E Theses Retrieved 9 August 2015 Naomi Levine 1991 Politics Religion and Love The Story of H H Asquith Venetia Stanley and Edwin Montagu Based on the Life and Letters of Edwin Samuel Montagu NYU Press pp 82 83 Keegan John The First World War New York Vintage 1998 p 320 All posts referenced in Cook Chris The Routledge Companion to Britain in the Nineteenth Century 1815 1914 Abingdon Routledge 2005 p 52 Daglish Neal Education Policy Making in England and Wales The Crucible Years 1895 1911 Abingdon Routledge 2013 p 315 Jenkins Roy Churchill A Biography New York MacMillan 2001 p 123 a b c Englefield Dermot Seaton Janet White Isobel 1995 Facts About the British Prime Ministers Mansell Publishing Limited p 412 ISBN 978 0 7201 2306 7 Earl Loreburn from 1911 Marquess of Crewe from 1911 Viscount Haldane from 1911 Lord Pentland from 1909 Lord Reading from 1913 Further reading editBlewett Neal Peers the Parties and the People General Elections of 1910 1972 Brooks David The Age of Upheaval Edwardian Politics 1899 1914 1995 Butler David and Gareth Butler Twentieth Century British Political Facts 1900 2000 St Martin s 2000 Cross Colin The Liberals in Power 1905 1914 1963 online Daglish N D A difficult and somewhat thankless task politics religion and the Education Bill of 1908 Journal of educational administration and history 31 1 1999 19 35 Gilbert Bentley Brinkerhoff David Lloyd George Land The Budget and Social Reform American Historical Review 81 5 1976 1058 1066 Gilbert Bentley B David Lloyd George the reform of British landholding and the budget of 1914 Historical Journal 21 1 1978 117 141 Grigg John Lloyd George The People s Champion 1902 1911 1978 biography Halevy Elie History of the English People 1905 1914 1934 686pp a major political history Hay James Roy Origins of the Liberal Welfare Reforms 1906 14 1975 78pp online Jenkins Roy Asquith portrait of a man and an era 1964 Quinault Roland Asquith s Liberalism History 77 249 1992 33 49 Russell A K Liberal landslide the general election of 1906 1973 Searle G R A New England peace and war 1886 1918 Oxford UP 2004 wide ranging scholarly survey 952 pp Primary sources and year books edit Annual Register 1906 Annual Register 1907 Statistical Abstract of the United Kingdom annual 1901 1909 online The Liberal Year Book 1908 1907 370pp Preceded byBalfour ministry Government of the United Kingdom1905 1915 Succeeded byAsquith coalition ministry Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Liberal government 1905 1915 amp oldid 1201997351, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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