Leishmania mexicana in a biopsy specimen from a skin lesion stained with H&E. The amastigotes are lining the walls of two vacuoles, a typical arrangement. The species identification was derived from culture followed by isoenzyme analysis.
False colour SEMmicrograph of Promastigote form Leishmania mexicana as found in the sandfly midgut. The cell body is shown in orange and the flagellum is in red. 119 pixels/μm.Amastigote form Leishmania mexicana as found in mammalian macrophages, 219 pixels/μm.
Infected sandflies carry L. mexicana in its promastigote form, transmitting it from their salivary glands through their proboscis into the bloodstream of the host. When macrophages phagocytize the parasite, it transitions into its amastigote form, rapidly dividing to break the host cell open and infect other mononuclear phagocytic cells. When uninfected sandflies ingest the blood of an infected animal, they acquire L. mexicana, which returns to the promastigote form to efficiently survive in the insect'smidgut.[2]
Leishmania mexicana can induce the cutaneous and diffuse cutaneous clinical manifestations in humans and certain other mammalian hosts. The cutaneous type develops an ulcer at the bite site, here the amastigotes do not spread and the ulcers become visible either a few days or several months after the initial bite. The diffuse cutaneous type begins when the amastigote diffuses through the skin and metastasize to other tissue. This type does not produce ulcers and there is no treatment.
Treatment of Leishmaniasis caused by L. mexicana consists of pentavalent antimonials as Pentostam or Glucantime injected direct into the ulcer or Intramuscular.
Prevention of L. mexicana infection is principally avoiding the bite of the infected sandfly.
Referencesedit
^Majumdar D, Elsayed GA, Buskas T, Boons GJ (March 2005). "Synthesis of proteophosphoglycans of Leishmania major and Leishmania mexicana". J. Org. Chem. 70 (5): 1691–7. doi:10.1021/jo048443z. PMID 15730289.
Vinetz JM, Soong L (February 2007). "Leishmania mexicana infection of the eyelid in a traveler to Belize". Braz J Infect Dis. 11 (1): 149–52. doi:10.1590/s1413-86702007000100030. PMID 17625744.
Robertson CD, Coombs GH (February 1994). "Multiple high activity cysteine proteases of Leishmania mexicana are encoded by the Imcpb gene array". Microbiology. 140 (Pt 2): 417–24. doi:10.1099/13500872-140-2-417. PMID 8180705.
Ilg T, Etges R, Overath P, et al. (April 1992). "Structure of Leishmania mexicana lipophosphoglycan". J. Biol. Chem. 267 (10): 6834–40. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(19)50502-6. PMID 1551890.
Galindo-Sevilla N, Ortiz-Avalos J, Del Angel M, Galvan R, Mancilla-Ramirez J (2003). "Leishmania mexicana Strains Isolated from Both Localized Cutaneous (LCL) and Diffuse Cutaneous (DCL) Lesions in Humans Can Produce DCL in Mice, Being Faster in Males". ASM's Annual Meeting on Infectious Diseases: 43rd annual ICAAC Chicago 2003 : 43rd Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. American Society for Microbiology. ISBN978-1-55581-284-3.
Pearson RD, Sousa AQ (1996). "Clinical spectrum of Leishmaniasis". Clin Infect Dis. 22: 1–13. doi:10.1093/clinids/22.1.1. PMID 8824958.
Sacks D, Noben-Trauth N (2002). "The immunology of susceptibility and resistance to Leishmania major in mice". Nat Rev Immunol. 2 (11): 845–58. doi:10.1038/nri933. PMID 12415308.
December 18, 2023
leishmania, mexicana, species, obligate, intracellular, parasites, protozoan, genus, leishmania, mexico, central, america, this, parasite, primary, cause, cutaneous, leishmaniasis, biopsy, specimen, from, skin, lesion, stained, with, amastigotes, lining, walls. Leishmania mexicana is a species of obligate intracellular parasites of the protozoan genus Leishmania In Mexico and Central America this parasite is the primary cause of cutaneous leishmaniasis 1 Leishmania mexicanaLeishmania mexicana in a biopsy specimen from a skin lesion stained with H amp E The amastigotes are lining the walls of two vacuoles a typical arrangement The species identification was derived from culture followed by isoenzyme analysis Scientific classificationDomain EukaryotaPhylum EuglenozoaClass KinetoplasteaOrder TrypanosomatidaGenus LeishmaniaSpecies L mexicanaBinomial nameLeishmania mexicanaBiagi 1953 emend Garnham 1962False colour SEM micrograph of Promastigote form Leishmania mexicana as found in the sandfly midgut The cell body is shown in orange and the flagellum is in red 119 pixels mm Amastigote form Leishmania mexicana as found in mammalian macrophages 219 pixels mm Infected sandflies carry L mexicana in its promastigote form transmitting it from their salivary glands through their proboscis into the bloodstream of the host When macrophages phagocytize the parasite it transitions into its amastigote form rapidly dividing to break the host cell open and infect other mononuclear phagocytic cells When uninfected sandflies ingest the blood of an infected animal they acquire L mexicana which returns to the promastigote form to efficiently survive in the insect s midgut 2 Leishmania mexicana can induce the cutaneous and diffuse cutaneous clinical manifestations in humans and certain other mammalian hosts The cutaneous type develops an ulcer at the bite site here the amastigotes do not spread and the ulcers become visible either a few days or several months after the initial bite The diffuse cutaneous type begins when the amastigote diffuses through the skin and metastasize to other tissue This type does not produce ulcers and there is no treatment Treatment of Leishmaniasis caused by L mexicana consists of pentavalent antimonials as Pentostam or Glucantime injected direct into the ulcer or Intramuscular Prevention of L mexicana infection is principally avoiding the bite of the infected sandfly References edit Majumdar D Elsayed GA Buskas T Boons GJ March 2005 Synthesis of proteophosphoglycans of Leishmania major and Leishmania mexicana J Org Chem 70 5 1691 7 doi 10 1021 jo048443z PMID 15730289 Leishmaniasis Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 14 December 2017 Retrieved 30 October 2023 Vinetz JM Soong L February 2007 Leishmania mexicana infection of the eyelid in a traveler to Belize Braz J Infect Dis 11 1 149 52 doi 10 1590 s1413 86702007000100030 PMID 17625744 Robertson CD Coombs GH February 1994 Multiple high activity cysteine proteases of Leishmania mexicana are encoded by the Imcpb gene array Microbiology 140 Pt 2 417 24 doi 10 1099 13500872 140 2 417 PMID 8180705 Ilg T Etges R Overath P et al April 1992 Structure of Leishmania mexicana lipophosphoglycan J Biol Chem 267 10 6834 40 doi 10 1016 S0021 9258 19 50502 6 PMID 1551890 Galindo Sevilla N Ortiz Avalos J Del Angel M Galvan R Mancilla Ramirez J 2003 Leishmania mexicana Strains Isolated from Both Localized Cutaneous LCL and Diffuse Cutaneous DCL Lesions in Humans Can Produce DCL in Mice Being Faster in Males ASM s Annual Meeting on Infectious Diseases 43rd annual ICAAC Chicago 2003 43rd Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy American Society for Microbiology ISBN 978 1 55581 284 3 Pearson RD Sousa AQ 1996 Clinical spectrum of Leishmaniasis Clin Infect Dis 22 1 13 doi 10 1093 clinids 22 1 1 PMID 8824958 Sacks D Noben Trauth N 2002 The immunology of susceptibility and resistance to Leishmania major in mice Nat Rev Immunol 2 11 845 58 doi 10 1038 nri933 PMID 12415308 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Leishmania mexicana amp oldid 1182799522, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
