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Schwanengesang

January 01, 1970

Not to be confused with Schwanengesang, D 744 (Schubert); Schwangesang, D 318 (Schubert); or Schwanengesang (Schütz).

Schwanengesang (Swan Song), D 957, is a collection of 14 songs written by Franz Schubert at the end of his life and published posthumously:

  1. Liebesbotschaft (text: Ludwig Rellstab)
  2. Kriegers Ahnung (Rellstab)
  3. Frühlingssehnsucht (Rellstab)
  4. Ständchen (Rellstab)
  5. Aufenthalt (Rellstab)
  6. In der Ferne (Rellstab)
  7. Abschied (Rellstab)
  8. Der Atlas (Heinrich Heine)
  9. Ihr Bild (Heine)
  10. Das Fischermädchen (Heine)
  11. Die Stadt (Heine)
  12. Am Meer (Heine)
  13. Der Doppelgänger (Heine)
  14. Die Taubenpost (alternative: D 965a) (Johann Gabriel Seidl)
First volume of Schubert's Schwanengesang as originally published in 1829

The autograph manuscript of the collection is preserved in the Morgan Library & Museum.

Background edit

Named by its first publisher, Tobias Haslinger, who presumably wished to present it as Schubert's last testament, Schwanengesang differs from the earlier Die schöne Müllerin and Winterreise song-cycles by including settings of more than one poet. Seven texts by Ludwig Rellstab (1799–1860) are followed by six by Heinrich Heine (1797–1856); inclusion of the last song, to words by Johann Gabriel Seidl (1804–1875), may or may not reflect Schubert's wishes. In any case, all 14 songs were composed in 1828 and the collection was published in 1829, a few months after the composer's death.

Composition and publication edit

The Rellstab and Heine settings were copied in a single sitting on consecutive pages of the manuscript in Schubert's hand, and Seidl's Die Taubenpost is considered to be Schubert's last Lied — thus the basis for Haslinger's sequence, one accepted by posterity together with his conceit that a cycle exists at all. (The true cycles Die schöne Müllerin and Die Winterreise had sold well, motivating the publisher.) The title Schwanengesang is not of course the composer's but all the song titles are; Heine, for one, did not name his poems.

An uncertain cycle edit

On 2 October 1828, after the manuscript had been written, Schubert offered the Heine set of six songs to a Leipzig publisher by the name of Probst. We can assume, then, that Schubert, at least in the beginning, intended two separate single-poet collections. Furthermore the order of Nos. 8–13, as they appear in the manuscript, differs from that of the poems as Heine published them: 10, 12, 11, 13, 9, 8, which in any case were not consecutive, as the table below shows.[1][2] It was customary for Schubert to respect the poet's sequence; the manuscript may not represent Schubert's desired order. The Seidl song, "Die Taubenpost", has no connection to the rest of the cycle and was appended by Haslinger at the end to round up all of Schubert's last compositions.[2]

The songs edit

The songs of Schwanengesang as found in Schubert's manuscript:

 
4. "Ständchen" ("Serenata")
Sung in Italian by Beniamino Gigli accompanied by members of the orchestra of La Scala, conducted by Carlo Sabajno (1933)
Problems playing this file? See media help.
 
8. "Der Atlas" (choir)
Performed by Kammerchor Nikolasseee, Berlin (2:10)
 
13. "Der Doppelgänger" (3:21)
Ukrainian words by M. Rylski. Sung by Mark Serdyuk accompanied by Grigory Hansburg (piano)
Problems playing this file? See media help.
Poems by Ludwig Rellstab:
Title Order in ms. Subject
"Liebesbotschaft" ("Message of love") 1 The singer invites a stream to convey a message to his beloved.
"Kriegers Ahnung" ("Warrior's foreboding") 2 A soldier encamped with his comrades sings of how he misses his beloved, and how he fears the prospect of dying, or losing his courage, in battle.
"Frühlingssehnsucht" ("Longing in spring time") 3 The singer is surrounded by natural beauty but feels melancholy and unsatisfied until his beloved can "free the spring in my breast".
"Ständchen" ("Serenade") 4 The singer exhorts his lover to make him happy.
"Aufenthalt" ("Resting place") 5 The singer is consumed by anguish for reasons we aren't told, and likens his feelings to the river, forest and mountain around him.
"In der Ferne" ("In the distance") 6 The singer has fled his home, broken-hearted, and complains of having no friends and no home; he asks the breezes and sunbeams to convey his greetings to the one who broke his heart.
"Abschied" ("Farewell") 7 The singer bids a cheery but determined farewell to a town where he has been happy but which he must now leave.
Poems by Heinrich Heine:
Title Order in ms. in Heine's Heimkehr Key Subject
"Der Atlas" 8 24 G minor Having wished for an eternity of either happiness or wretchedness, the narrator blames himself for the weight of sorrow that he now bears, like the giant Atlas.
"Ihr Bild" ("Her image") 9 23 B-flat minor The singer imagines that the beloved's portrait favoured him with a smile and a tear; but alas, he has lost her.
"Das Fischermädchen" ("The fisher-maiden") 10 8 A-flat major The singer tries to sweet-talk a fishing girl into a romantic encounter, drawing parallels between his heart and the sea.
"Die Stadt" ("The city") 11 18 C minor The singer is in a boat rowing towards the city where he lost the one he loved; it comes foggily into view.
"Am Meer" ("By the sea") 12 14 C major The singer tells of how he and his beloved met in silence beside the sea, and she wept; since then he has been consumed with longing — she has poisoned him with her tears.
"Der Doppelgänger" ("The double") 13 20 B minor The singer looks at the house where his beloved once lived, and is horrified to see someone standing outside it in torment — it is, or appears to be, none other than himself, aping his misery of long ago.
Poem by Johann Gabriel Seidl:
Title Order in ms. Subject
"Die Taubenpost" ("The pigeon post") 14 This song is often considered the last Lied that Schubert ever wrote. It was included into the cycle by the first editor and is almost always included in modern performances. In it, the singer declares that he has a carrier pigeon whose name is "Longing".

Another Schwanengesang edit

Schubert had earlier in his career set to music a single poem titled Schwanengesang, his D 744, by Johann Senn.

Liszt transcriptions edit

Franz Liszt later transcribed the entire set for solo piano. While staying faithful to Schubert's original, he often changes the piano texture as a way of providing a personal commentary on the text and music. Liszt reordered the songs in the following way: 11, 10, 5, 12, 7, 6, 4, 9, 3, 1, 8, 13, 14 and 2.

See also edit

Further reading edit

  • Ingo Müller: "Eins in Allem und Alles in Einem": Zur Ästhetik von Gedicht- und Liederzyklus im Lichte romantischer Universalpoesie. In: Günter Schnitzler und Achim Aurnhammer (Hrsg.): Wort und Ton. Freiburg i. Br. 2011 (= Rombach Wissenschaften: Reihe Litterae. Bd. 173), S. 243–274.

References edit

  1. ^ Heine, Heinrich Buch Der Lieder
  2. ^ a b Reed, John. The Schubert Song Companion. Mandolin: Manchester, 1997, ISBN 1-901341-00-3. pages 259–260

External links edit

 
German Wikisource has original text related to this article:
Schwanengesang

January 01, 1970
schwanengesang, confused, with, schubert, schwangesang, schubert, schütz, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, unsourced, material, challenged, removed, find, sou. Not to be confused with Schwanengesang D 744 Schubert Schwangesang D 318 Schubert or Schwanengesang Schutz This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Schwanengesang news newspapers books scholar JSTOR July 2011 Learn how and when to remove this message Schwanengesang Swan Song D 957 is a collection of 14 songs written by Franz Schubert at the end of his life and published posthumously Liebesbotschaft text Ludwig Rellstab Kriegers Ahnung Rellstab Fruhlingssehnsucht Rellstab Standchen Rellstab Aufenthalt Rellstab In der Ferne Rellstab Abschied Rellstab Der Atlas Heinrich Heine Ihr Bild Heine Das Fischermadchen Heine Die Stadt Heine Am Meer Heine Der Doppelganger Heine Die Taubenpost alternative D 965a Johann Gabriel Seidl First volume of Schubert s Schwanengesang as originally published in 1829 The autograph manuscript of the collection is preserved in the Morgan Library amp Museum Contents 1 Background 2 Composition and publication 2 1 An uncertain cycle 3 The songs 4 Another Schwanengesang 5 Liszt transcriptions 6 See also 7 Further reading 8 References 9 External linksBackground editNamed by its first publisher Tobias Haslinger who presumably wished to present it as Schubert s last testament Schwanengesang differs from the earlier Die schone Mullerin and Winterreise song cycles by including settings of more than one poet Seven texts by Ludwig Rellstab 1799 1860 are followed by six by Heinrich Heine 1797 1856 inclusion of the last song to words by Johann Gabriel Seidl 1804 1875 may or may not reflect Schubert s wishes In any case all 14 songs were composed in 1828 and the collection was published in 1829 a few months after the composer s death Composition and publication editThe Rellstab and Heine settings were copied in a single sitting on consecutive pages of the manuscript in Schubert s hand and Seidl s Die Taubenpost is considered to be Schubert s last Lied thus the basis for Haslinger s sequence one accepted by posterity together with his conceit that a cycle exists at all The true cycles Die schone Mullerin and Die Winterreise had sold well motivating the publisher The title Schwanengesang is not of course the composer s but all the song titles are Heine for one did not name his poems An uncertain cycle edit On 2 October 1828 after the manuscript had been written Schubert offered the Heine set of six songs to a Leipzig publisher by the name of Probst We can assume then that Schubert at least in the beginning intended two separate single poet collections Furthermore the order of Nos 8 13 as they appear in the manuscript differs from that of the poems as Heine published them 10 12 11 13 9 8 which in any case were not consecutive as the table below shows 1 2 It was customary for Schubert to respect the poet s sequence the manuscript may not represent Schubert s desired order The Seidl song Die Taubenpost has no connection to the rest of the cycle and was appended by Haslinger at the end to round up all of Schubert s last compositions 2 The songs editThe songs of Schwanengesang as found in Schubert s manuscript nbsp 4 Standchen Serenata source source source Sung in Italian by Beniamino Gigli accompanied by members of the orchestra of La Scala conducted by Carlo Sabajno 1933 Problems playing this file See media help nbsp 8 Der Atlas choir source source Performed by Kammerchor Nikolasseee Berlin 2 10 nbsp 13 Der Doppelganger 3 21 source source source source source source source source Ukrainian words by M Rylski Sung by Mark Serdyuk accompanied by Grigory Hansburg piano Problems playing this file See media help Poems by Ludwig Rellstab Title Order in ms Subject Liebesbotschaft Message of love 1 The singer invites a stream to convey a message to his beloved Kriegers Ahnung Warrior s foreboding 2 A soldier encamped with his comrades sings of how he misses his beloved and how he fears the prospect of dying or losing his courage in battle Fruhlingssehnsucht Longing in spring time 3 The singer is surrounded by natural beauty but feels melancholy and unsatisfied until his beloved can free the spring in my breast Standchen Serenade 4 The singer exhorts his lover to make him happy Aufenthalt Resting place 5 The singer is consumed by anguish for reasons we aren t told and likens his feelings to the river forest and mountain around him In der Ferne In the distance 6 The singer has fled his home broken hearted and complains of having no friends and no home he asks the breezes and sunbeams to convey his greetings to the one who broke his heart Abschied Farewell 7 The singer bids a cheery but determined farewell to a town where he has been happy but which he must now leave Poems by Heinrich Heine Title Order in ms in Heine s Heimkehr Key Subject Der Atlas 8 24 G minor Having wished for an eternity of either happiness or wretchedness the narrator blames himself for the weight of sorrow that he now bears like the giant Atlas Ihr Bild Her image 9 23 B flat minor The singer imagines that the beloved s portrait favoured him with a smile and a tear but alas he has lost her Das Fischermadchen The fisher maiden 10 8 A flat major The singer tries to sweet talk a fishing girl into a romantic encounter drawing parallels between his heart and the sea Die Stadt The city 11 18 C minor The singer is in a boat rowing towards the city where he lost the one he loved it comes foggily into view Am Meer By the sea 12 14 C major The singer tells of how he and his beloved met in silence beside the sea and she wept since then he has been consumed with longing she has poisoned him with her tears Der Doppelganger The double 13 20 B minor The singer looks at the house where his beloved once lived and is horrified to see someone standing outside it in torment it is or appears to be none other than himself aping his misery of long ago Poem by Johann Gabriel Seidl Title Order in ms Subject Die Taubenpost The pigeon post 14 This song is often considered the last Lied that Schubert ever wrote It was included into the cycle by the first editor and is almost always included in modern performances In it the singer declares that he has a carrier pigeon whose name is Longing Another Schwanengesang editSchubert had earlier in his career set to music a single poem titled Schwanengesang his D 744 by Johann Senn Liszt transcriptions editFranz Liszt later transcribed the entire set for solo piano While staying faithful to Schubert s original he often changes the piano texture as a way of providing a personal commentary on the text and music Liszt reordered the songs in the following way 11 10 5 12 7 6 4 9 3 1 8 13 14 and 2 See also editList of songs by Franz Schubert List of compositions by Franz SchubertFurther reading editIngo Muller Eins in Allem und Alles in Einem Zur Asthetik von Gedicht und Liederzyklus im Lichte romantischer Universalpoesie In Gunter Schnitzler und Achim Aurnhammer Hrsg Wort und Ton Freiburg i Br 2011 Rombach Wissenschaften Reihe Litterae Bd 173 S 243 274 References edit Heine Heinrich Buch Der Lieder a b Reed John The Schubert Song Companion Mandolin Manchester 1997 ISBN 1 901341 00 3 pages 259 260External links edit nbsp German Wikisource has original text related to this article Schwanengesang Schwanengesang Schubert s autograph manuscript in the Morgan Library amp Museum Comprehensive research website Iain C Phillips Schwanengesang songtexts and translations Schwanengesang Scores at the International Music Score Library Project Performance of Schwanengesang by Randall Scarlata baritone and Benjamin Hochman piano from the Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum in MP3 format Autograph manuscript at The Morgan Library amp Museum Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Schwanengesang amp oldid 1185020810, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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