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Lyari

April 02, 2023

For the town in Balochistan's Lasbela District, see Liari.

Lyari (Urdu: لیاری; Sindhi: لیاري) is a historic locality in Karachi, Pakistan. It is the most densely-populated part of Karachi, and is one of its earliest settled areas.[1]

Lyari
لیاری
Locality
Lyari's Kiran Foundation as seen from above
CountryPakistan
ProvinceSindh
City DistrictKarachi
Establishedearly 18th century
Government
 • MPASyed Abdul Rasheed (JIP)
 • MNAAbdul Shakoor Shad (PTI)
 • Constituency

History

Lyari is said to be one of the oldest inhabited parts of Karachi, and is referred to by its residents as the "Mother of Karachi."[2] Its name is said to be derived from a Lyar - a tree which grows in a graveyard.[2] The first residents of Lyari were Sindhi fishermen and Baloch nomads who arrived in 1725, before Karachi was formally established in 1729.[2] Further waves of Baloch migrants arrived in 1770 and 1795.[2] After Karachi was developed under British rule, large waves of Baloch migrants settled in the Lyari from the Iranian portion of Balochistan.[2]

Lyari's population was 24,600 in 1886, and it was a majority-Muslim area of Karachi, which in turn was majority Hindu.[2] At the time, the Lyari River flowed along the northern edge of Mithadar, with Lyari settlement across the river. As a result, the area was referred to as the Trans-Lyari Quarter during the British period.[3] Lyari was neglected during this era, as the British administrators and Hindu mercantile community showed little interest in developing the Muslim-majority working-class locale,[4] and instead chose to develop the port and eastern part of Karachi.[1] As a result, Lyari developed in a haphazard manner,[4] and was characterized by a cluster of poor settlements with home made of reed and mudbrick.[3] One quarter of Karachi's entire population lived in the Trans-Lyari Quarter at the turn of the 20th century.[3]

Migration of Iranian Baloch increased after the Iranian government began subjugating Iranian Balochistan in 1928.[2] In 1941, the population of Lyari was 81,768.[4] After independence, neglect of Lyari continued. The city's leadership expressed more interest in the resettlement of refugees from India than the living conditions of the indigenous population.[4][5] Development of Lyari at this time was focused on the northern outskirts, and included the planned neighborhoods of Agra Taj Colony and Bihar Colony - both of which were developed for migrants.[4] By 1956, Lyari's population had rapidly grown to about 360,000.[4] In the late 1950s, General Ayub Khan attempted to rehabilitate central Karachi by relocating Lyari's population to the northern neighborhood of New Karachi, which was fiercely opposed by the residents despite Lyari having no basic amenities at the time.[4]

Lyari's first criminal gangs took root in the 1960s, but were considered to be fairly harmless towards the local population.[6] In the late 1970s, Lyari gave rise to its own music scene, known as "Lyari Disco."[7] Lyari in the 70s also became a haven for drug traffickers who could avoid law enforcement agencies in the localities narrow lanes.[8] By the 1980s, weapons from the Afghan-Soviet war arrived in Lyari, and drug-addiction became widespread.[6] Some locals allege that drugs were pushed into the neighborhood by the regime of Zia-ul-Haq in retaliation for Lyari's opposition to his rule.[9] In 1987, Benazir Bhutto was elected to the National Assembly from a seat in Lyari.[10]

In the 1980s and 1990s, Lyaris gangster became entwined with local politicians.[6] The PPP supported the gang of Uzair Baloch and Rehman Dakait to confront the MQM-back Arshad Pappu.[9] In 2001, Lyari was amalgamated into Lyari Town - an administrative division that was officially reversed in 2013.[1] During that period, Lyari was cut off from sources of revenue and "economically lucrative" areas in Karachi's District South, as it was made into its own municipality during that era.[1] The formation of the town system was seen to purposefully impact Lyari in a negative manner because administrative division were largely controlled by the MQM, whereas Lyari had been a bastion of the rival PPP.[1]

Crime and violence emanating from Lyari began to take hold over much of Karachi in a manner that had not been seen in previous decades, when violence in Lyari was mostly confined to Lyari itself.[7] 3,251 people were killed in Karachi by 2013.[11] In 2013, a military-backed operation sought to pacify Lyari in which over 1,000 were apprehended.[9] In 2014, the city was ranked the 6th most dangerous city in the world. After success of the operation, crime fell drastically in Karachi, and the city was ranked 93rd most dangerous in mid-2020.[12] In 2018, Lyari voted for Imran Khan's Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf party, breaking a 48 year streak of PPP rule.[13] After the PPP's defeat at the local level, the provincial government (which is still controlled by the PPP) began to invest in infrastructure improvements in a bid to regain loyalty to the PPP.[14]

Demography

The very first inhabitants of Lyari were Sindhi fishermen and Baloch nomads.[5] Lyari Town is home of the majority Kutchi speaking people. Lyari is unique in Karachi for its high percentage of residents who are Balochi speakers - upwards for 40-50%.[2] After Karachi was developed under British rule, large waves of Baloch migrants settled in the Lyari from the Iranian portion of Balochistan.[2] Migration increased after the Iranian government began subjugating Iranian Balochistan in 1928.[2] Baloch of Iranian descent today form the largest portion of Baloch in Lyari.[2]

Gujaratis and Kutchis are also heavily represented in Baghdadi and Shah Baig Line.[2] There are several thousand members of the African-descended Sheedi people, locally called Makrani, though they have mostly integrated into the larger Baloch community.[2] Those of Sheedi heritage, or partial Sheedi heritage, may in fact make up the majority of Balochi speakers in Lyari.[7]

Lyari is mostly Sunni, although there are at least and estimated 50,000 Zikri members.[2]

Politics

Lyari has been an important site for social and labor activism since the colonial era.[6] Lyari was also a base for anti-colonial movements, such as the Khilafat Movement, and the Reshmi Rumal Tehreek.[6] Mohandas Gandhi is reported to have visited Lyari's Chakiwara Chowk during his struggle against the British.[1] In the 1960s, Lyari was the main base for several leftist student organizations and Baloch nationalist organizations.[6] It is sometimes referred to as the birthplace of Baloch nationalism.[2]

The locality became the base from which socialist Zulfikar Ali Bhutto campaigned for Prime Minister in the 1970s, and remained a stronghold of Bhutto's PPP for decades afterwards,[6] as opposed to the rest of the city which was dominated by other parties.[2] In the 80s, Lyari became a center of resistance to dictator Zia-ul-Haq, and again against Pervez Musharraf in the 2000s.[6] In 1987, Benazir Bhutto was elected to the national assembly from a seat in Lyari.[10] The area was a stronghold of the PPP from 1970 until 2018, when Lyari voted for Imran Khan's Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf party, and the PPP came in third place.[13]

Social Indicators

There are many schools, college, and a university, along with two national standard hospital & some mini hospitals.[5] Also, they have a public places where people gather around in the evening.

Education

The Educational and Training Institutes in Lyari Town:

▪ Benazir Bhutto Shaheed University, Lyari (BBSUL) ▪ Shaheed Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto Medical College (SMBBMC) • Lyari Degree Government Science, Arts and Commerce Boys College • Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Boys College • Rose Educational and Welfare Society • Abdullah Haroon Science & Commerce Boys College • Nusrat Bhutto Science & Commerce Girls College • Lyari General Hospital Medical & Nursing Training Institute • Government Poly Technical College Lyari • S.M. Lyari Government Boys Secondary School • Kiran Foundation, DCTO Campus

  • Rosetech Lyari

Sports

Lyari is known as a football hotbed in Pakistan. Many of the nation's top players come from the area. Football is very popular & Lyarians were excited about the FIFA World Cup. During the World Cup season, people raise flags of every country especially Brazil. The 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul, South Korea bronze medal champion Hussein Shah was born and trained in Lyari, who won in the Middleweight division (71–75 kg). It was the country's first-ever Olympic boxing medal. Lyari is also known as Donkey car Racer which is very famous in Lyari.

See also

  • Hamara Lyari

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f Sarwat Viqar (2014). "Constructing Lyari: place, governance and identity in a Karachi neighbourhood". South Asian History and Culture. 5 (3): 365–383. doi:10.1080/19472498.2014.905335.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Gayer, Laurent (2014). Karachi: Ordered Disorder and the Struggle for the City. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-935444-3.
  3. ^ a b c Wright, Colin. "Trans-Lyari Market [Karachi]". www.bl.uk. Retrieved 2020-04-14.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g Gayer, Laurent (2014). Karachi: Ordered Disorder and the Struggle for the City. Oxford University Press. p. 129. ISBN 978-0-19-935444-3.
  5. ^ a b c Yamini Narayanan (19 November 2015), Religion and Urbanism: Reconceptualising Sustainable Cities for South Asia, Routledge, p. 165, ISBN 978-1-317-75542-5
  6. ^ a b c d e f g h Khan, Nichola (2017-07-15). Cityscapes of Violence in Karachi: Publics and Counterpublics. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-086971-7.
  7. ^ a b c "The good, the bad & the Lyari". Dawn.com. 2012-03-28. Retrieved 2020-04-14.
  8. ^ Karachi in the Twenty-First Century: Political, Social, Economic and Security Dimensions. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. 2016-02-22. ISBN 978-1-4438-8934-6.
  9. ^ a b c "Gangs of Lyari: Brutal tales of violence from Karachi's 'wild west'". Hindustan Times. 2016-04-18. Retrieved 2020-04-14.
  10. ^ a b Gayer, Laurent (2014). Karachi: Ordered Disorder and the Struggle for the City. Oxford University Press. p. 141. ISBN 978-0-19-935444-3.
  11. ^ "Death toll rises: Over 3,200 killings in Karachi make 2013 deadliest year so far". The Express Tribune. 2014-01-18. Retrieved 2020-04-14.
  12. ^ Imtiaz Ali (2020-02-07). "Karachi jumps 22 points since last year on global crime index". Dawn.com. Retrieved 2020-04-14.
  13. ^ a b "After more than 40 years of fierce loyalty, Lyari votes PPP out". www.thenews.com.pk. Retrieved 2020-04-14.
  14. ^ Tribune.com.pk (2020-01-14). "Finally, an upgrade for Lyari". The Express Tribune. Retrieved 2020-04-14.

External links

  • .
  • Imagining Lyari through Akhtar Soomro
  • Positive Initiative by Youth Of Lyari

Coordinates: 26°28′N 68°15′E / 26.467°N 68.250°E / 26.467; 68.250


 

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April 02, 2023
lyari, town, balochistan, lasbela, district, liari, urdu, لیاری, sindhi, لیاري, historic, locality, karachi, pakistan, most, densely, populated, part, karachi, earliest, settled, areas, لیاریlocality, kiran, foundation, seen, from, abovecountrypakistanprovince. For the town in Balochistan s Lasbela District see Liari Lyari Urdu لیاری Sindhi لیاري is a historic locality in Karachi Pakistan It is the most densely populated part of Karachi and is one of its earliest settled areas 1 Lyari لیاریLocalityLyari s Kiran Foundation as seen from aboveCountryPakistanProvinceSindhCity DistrictKarachiEstablishedearly 18th centuryGovernment MPASyed Abdul Rasheed JIP MNAAbdul Shakoor Shad PTI ConstituencyNA 246 Karachi South I PS 108 Karachi South II Contents 1 History 2 Demography 3 Politics 4 Social Indicators 5 Education 6 Sports 7 See also 8 References 9 External linksHistory EditLyari is said to be one of the oldest inhabited parts of Karachi and is referred to by its residents as the Mother of Karachi 2 Its name is said to be derived from a Lyar a tree which grows in a graveyard 2 The first residents of Lyari were Sindhi fishermen and Baloch nomads who arrived in 1725 before Karachi was formally established in 1729 2 Further waves of Baloch migrants arrived in 1770 and 1795 2 After Karachi was developed under British rule large waves of Baloch migrants settled in the Lyari from the Iranian portion of Balochistan 2 Lyari s population was 24 600 in 1886 and it was a majority Muslim area of Karachi which in turn was majority Hindu 2 At the time the Lyari River flowed along the northern edge of Mithadar with Lyari settlement across the river As a result the area was referred to as the Trans Lyari Quarter during the British period 3 Lyari was neglected during this era as the British administrators and Hindu mercantile community showed little interest in developing the Muslim majority working class locale 4 and instead chose to develop the port and eastern part of Karachi 1 As a result Lyari developed in a haphazard manner 4 and was characterized by a cluster of poor settlements with home made of reed and mudbrick 3 One quarter of Karachi s entire population lived in the Trans Lyari Quarter at the turn of the 20th century 3 Migration of Iranian Baloch increased after the Iranian government began subjugating Iranian Balochistan in 1928 2 In 1941 the population of Lyari was 81 768 4 After independence neglect of Lyari continued The city s leadership expressed more interest in the resettlement of refugees from India than the living conditions of the indigenous population 4 5 Development of Lyari at this time was focused on the northern outskirts and included the planned neighborhoods of Agra Taj Colony and Bihar Colony both of which were developed for migrants 4 By 1956 Lyari s population had rapidly grown to about 360 000 4 In the late 1950s General Ayub Khan attempted to rehabilitate central Karachi by relocating Lyari s population to the northern neighborhood of New Karachi which was fiercely opposed by the residents despite Lyari having no basic amenities at the time 4 Lyari s first criminal gangs took root in the 1960s but were considered to be fairly harmless towards the local population 6 In the late 1970s Lyari gave rise to its own music scene known as Lyari Disco 7 Lyari in the 70s also became a haven for drug traffickers who could avoid law enforcement agencies in the localities narrow lanes 8 By the 1980s weapons from the Afghan Soviet war arrived in Lyari and drug addiction became widespread 6 Some locals allege that drugs were pushed into the neighborhood by the regime of Zia ul Haq in retaliation for Lyari s opposition to his rule 9 In 1987 Benazir Bhutto was elected to the National Assembly from a seat in Lyari 10 In the 1980s and 1990s Lyaris gangster became entwined with local politicians 6 The PPP supported the gang of Uzair Baloch and Rehman Dakait to confront the MQM back Arshad Pappu 9 In 2001 Lyari was amalgamated into Lyari Town an administrative division that was officially reversed in 2013 1 During that period Lyari was cut off from sources of revenue and economically lucrative areas in Karachi s District South as it was made into its own municipality during that era 1 The formation of the town system was seen to purposefully impact Lyari in a negative manner because administrative division were largely controlled by the MQM whereas Lyari had been a bastion of the rival PPP 1 Crime and violence emanating from Lyari began to take hold over much of Karachi in a manner that had not been seen in previous decades when violence in Lyari was mostly confined to Lyari itself 7 3 251 people were killed in Karachi by 2013 11 In 2013 a military backed operation sought to pacify Lyari in which over 1 000 were apprehended 9 In 2014 the city was ranked the 6th most dangerous city in the world After success of the operation crime fell drastically in Karachi and the city was ranked 93rd most dangerous in mid 2020 12 In 2018 Lyari voted for Imran Khan s Pakistan Tehreek e Insaf party breaking a 48 year streak of PPP rule 13 After the PPP s defeat at the local level the provincial government which is still controlled by the PPP began to invest in infrastructure improvements in a bid to regain loyalty to the PPP 14 Demography EditThe very first inhabitants of Lyari were Sindhi fishermen and Baloch nomads 5 Lyari Town is home of the majority Kutchi speaking people Lyari is unique in Karachi for its high percentage of residents who are Balochi speakers upwards for 40 50 2 After Karachi was developed under British rule large waves of Baloch migrants settled in the Lyari from the Iranian portion of Balochistan 2 Migration increased after the Iranian government began subjugating Iranian Balochistan in 1928 2 Baloch of Iranian descent today form the largest portion of Baloch in Lyari 2 Gujaratis and Kutchis are also heavily represented in Baghdadi and Shah Baig Line 2 There are several thousand members of the African descended Sheedi people locally called Makrani though they have mostly integrated into the larger Baloch community 2 Those of Sheedi heritage or partial Sheedi heritage may in fact make up the majority of Balochi speakers in Lyari 7 Lyari is mostly Sunni although there are at least and estimated 50 000 Zikri members 2 Politics EditLyari has been an important site for social and labor activism since the colonial era 6 Lyari was also a base for anti colonial movements such as the Khilafat Movement and the Reshmi Rumal Tehreek 6 Mohandas Gandhi is reported to have visited Lyari s Chakiwara Chowk during his struggle against the British 1 In the 1960s Lyari was the main base for several leftist student organizations and Baloch nationalist organizations 6 It is sometimes referred to as the birthplace of Baloch nationalism 2 The locality became the base from which socialist Zulfikar Ali Bhutto campaigned for Prime Minister in the 1970s and remained a stronghold of Bhutto s PPP for decades afterwards 6 as opposed to the rest of the city which was dominated by other parties 2 In the 80s Lyari became a center of resistance to dictator Zia ul Haq and again against Pervez Musharraf in the 2000s 6 In 1987 Benazir Bhutto was elected to the national assembly from a seat in Lyari 10 The area was a stronghold of the PPP from 1970 until 2018 when Lyari voted for Imran Khan s Pakistan Tehreek e Insaf party and the PPP came in third place 13 Social Indicators EditThere are many schools college and a university along with two national standard hospital amp some mini hospitals 5 Also they have a public places where people gather around in the evening Education EditThe Educational and Training Institutes in Lyari Town Benazir Bhutto Shaheed University Lyari BBSUL Shaheed Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto Medical College SMBBMC Lyari Degree Government Science Arts and Commerce Boys College Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Boys College Rose Educational and Welfare Society Abdullah Haroon Science amp Commerce Boys College Nusrat Bhutto Science amp Commerce Girls College Lyari General Hospital Medical amp Nursing Training Institute Government Poly Technical College Lyari S M Lyari Government Boys Secondary School Kiran Foundation DCTO Campus Rosetech LyariSports EditLyari is known as a football hotbed in Pakistan Many of the nation s top players come from the area Football is very popular amp Lyarians were excited about the FIFA World Cup During the World Cup season people raise flags of every country especially Brazil The 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul South Korea bronze medal champion Hussein Shah was born and trained in Lyari who won in the Middleweight division 71 75 kg It was the country s first ever Olympic boxing medal Lyari is also known as Donkey car Racer which is very famous in Lyari See also EditHamara LyariReferences Edit a b c d e f Sarwat Viqar 2014 Constructing Lyari place governance and identity in a Karachi neighbourhood South Asian History and Culture 5 3 365 383 doi 10 1080 19472498 2014 905335 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Gayer Laurent 2014 Karachi Ordered Disorder and the Struggle for the City Oxford University Press ISBN 978 0 19 935444 3 a b c Wright Colin Trans Lyari Market Karachi www bl uk Retrieved 2020 04 14 a b c d e f g Gayer Laurent 2014 Karachi Ordered Disorder and the Struggle for the City Oxford University Press p 129 ISBN 978 0 19 935444 3 a b c Yamini Narayanan 19 November 2015 Religion and Urbanism Reconceptualising Sustainable Cities for South Asia Routledge p 165 ISBN 978 1 317 75542 5 a b c d e f g h Khan Nichola 2017 07 15 Cityscapes of Violence in Karachi Publics and Counterpublics Oxford University Press ISBN 978 0 19 086971 7 a b c The good the bad amp the Lyari Dawn com 2012 03 28 Retrieved 2020 04 14 Karachi in the Twenty First Century Political Social Economic and Security Dimensions Cambridge Scholars Publishing 2016 02 22 ISBN 978 1 4438 8934 6 a b c Gangs of Lyari Brutal tales of violence from Karachi s wild west Hindustan Times 2016 04 18 Retrieved 2020 04 14 a b Gayer Laurent 2014 Karachi Ordered Disorder and the Struggle for the City Oxford University Press p 141 ISBN 978 0 19 935444 3 Death toll rises Over 3 200 killings in Karachi make 2013 deadliest year so far The Express Tribune 2014 01 18 Retrieved 2020 04 14 Imtiaz Ali 2020 02 07 Karachi jumps 22 points since last year on global crime index Dawn com Retrieved 2020 04 14 a b After more than 40 years of fierce loyalty Lyari votes PPP out www thenews com pk Retrieved 2020 04 14 Tribune com pk 2020 01 14 Finally an upgrade for Lyari The Express Tribune Retrieved 2020 04 14 External links EditKarachi Website Imagining Lyari through Akhtar Soomro Positive Initiative by Youth Of Lyari Coordinates 26 28 N 68 15 E 26 467 N 68 250 E 26 467 68 250 This geography of Karachi related article is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Lyari amp oldid 1147265172, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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