Lawrence University
Lawrence University is a private liberal arts college and conservatory of music in Appleton, Wisconsin. Founded in 1847, its first classes were held on November 12, 1849. Lawrence was the second college in the U.S. to be founded as a coeducational institution.
Former names |
|
|---|---|
| Motto | "Light! More Light!" "Veritas est lux" |
Motto in English | "Truth Is Light" |
| Type | Private liberal arts college |
| Established | 1847 |
Academic affiliations | |
| Endowment | $487 million (2021)[1] |
| President | Laurie Carter |
Administrative staff | 164 faculty[2] |
| Students | 1,555 undergraduates (fall 2013)[2] |
| Location | , , United States 44°15′40″N 88°24′00″W / 44.261°N 88.400°W |
| Campus | Urban: 84 acres (34 ha) Björklunden: 425 acres (172 ha) |
Sporting affiliations | NCAA Division III – Midwest Conference |
| Website | www |
History edit
Lawrence's first president, William Harkness Sampson, founded the school with Henry R. Colman, using $10,000 provided by philanthropist Amos Adams Lawrence, and matched by the Methodist church. Both founders were ordained Methodist ministers, but Lawrence was Episcopalian. The school was originally named Lawrence Institute of Wisconsin in its 1847 charter from the Wisconsin Territorial Legislature, but the name was changed to Lawrence University before classes began in November 1849.[3][4] Its oldest extant building, Main Hall, was built in 1853.[5] Lawrence University was the second coeducational institution in the country.[6]
Lawrence's first period of major growth came during the thirty-year tenure (1894―1924) of alumnus Samuel G. Plantz as president, when the student body quadrupled, from 200 to 800.
From 1913 until 1964, it was named Lawrence College, to emphasize its small size and liberal arts education focus. The name returned to Lawrence University when it merged with Milwaukee-Downer College. The state of Wisconsin then purchased the Milwaukee-Downer property and buildings to expand the campus of the University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee. Initially, the university designated two entities: Lawrence College for Men and Downer College for Women. This separation has not lasted in any material form, though degrees are still conferred "on the recommendation of the Faculty of Lawrence and Downer Colleges" and the university by-laws still make the distinction.
The Lawrence Conservatory of Music, usually referred to as "the Con", was founded in 1874. Lawrence offers three degrees: a Bachelor of Arts, a Bachelor of Music and a Bachelor of Musical Arts. It also offers a five-year dual degree program, where students can receive both B.A. and B.Mus. degrees.
First-year Studies (formerly named Freshman Studies) at Lawrence is a mandatory two-term class, in which all students study the same selected 11 classic works of literature, art, and music, the list varying from year to year. President Nathan M. Pusey is credited with initiating the program in 1945, although Professor Waples chaired the Freshman Studies Committee and was responsible for implementing the program. The program continues to this day, despite being temporarily suspended in 1975.[7]
Lawrence University is part of the Oberlin Group, a consortium of liberal arts college libraries.
Milwaukee-Downer traditions edit
The traditions and heritage of Milwaukee-Downer are woven into the Appleton campus, from the grove of hawthorn trees (called Hawthornden) between Brokaw and Colman halls, to the sundial on the back of Main Hall, to the bestowing upon each class a class color and banner.
Presidents edit
University presidents edit
- 1849–1853 William Harkness Sampson, principal
- 1853–1859 Edward Cooke, president
- 1859–1865 Russell Zelotes Mason, president
- 1865–1879 George McKendree Steele, president
- 1879–1889 Elias DeWitt Huntley, president
- 1883–1889 Bradford Paul Raymond, president
- 1889–1893 Charles Wesley Gallagher, president
- 1893–1894 L. Wesley Underwood, acting president
- 1894–1924 Samuel G. Plantz, president
- 1925–1937 Henry Merritt Wriston, president
- 1937–1943 Thomas Nichols Barrows, president
- 1944–1953 Nathan Marsh Pusey, president
- 1954–1963 Douglas Maitland Knight, president
- 1963–1969 Curtis William Tarr, president
- 1969–1979 Thomas S. Smith, president
- 1979–2004 Richard Warch, president
- 2004–2013 Jill Beck, president
- 2013–2021 Mark Burstein, president
- 2021–present (as of 2023[update]) Laurie Carter, president[8]
Presidents of Milwaukee-Downer College edit
- 1895–1921 Ellen Sabin
- 1921–1951 Lucia Russell Briggs
- 1951–1964 John Johnson
Academics edit
The student/faculty ratio at Lawrence is 9:1.[9]
The college offers majors in most of the liberal arts. The school also offers the option of interdisciplinary areas of study and allows students to design their own majors. Lawrence grants Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Music degrees, with a double degree possible. Lawrence offers a number of cooperative degree programs in areas such as engineering, health sciences and environmental studies.[clarification needed]
All students are required to take First-Year Studies during their first two trimesters, which introduces students to broad areas of study and provides a common academic experience for the college. Known as Freshman Studies until 2021, the program was established in 1945, and aside from a brief interruption in the mid-1970s it has remained a consistent fixture of the school's liberal arts curriculum.[10] Lawrence's First-Year Studies program focuses on a mixture of Great Books and more contemporary, influential works, which include non-fiction books, fiction books, and various other types of works, such as paintings, photographs, musical recordings, and the periodic table of the elements. Readings are replaced every few years, with the exception of Plato's Republic, which has been included on the list since 1945.[11]
Conservatory of Music edit
The Lawrence University Conservatory of Music was founded in 1874 and has been a part of Lawrence University ever since. The Conservatory offers Bachelor of Music degrees in Performance, Theory/Composition, Music Education, and a five-year double degree option that grants both a BM degree from the Conservatory and a BA degree from the College. Approximately 25% of the Lawrence student body, or 350 students, is in the Conservatory. The Conservatory has three choirs, two bands, two jazz ensembles, a symphony orchestra, an improvisation collective, five world music ensembles, and numerous chamber music groups.
The Conservatory offers also a Bachelor of Musical Arts, primarily—but not exclusively—for students whose interest is in other than Western Classical Music; students take 3/4 of their classes in Music, and 1/4 in other subjects.
Academic affiliation edit
Lawrence is a member of the Associated Colleges of the Midwest, an academic consortium of 14 liberal arts colleges in the Midwest and Colorado which coordinates several off-campus study programs in a large number of countries as its primary activity.
Campus edit
The 84-acre (34 ha) campus is located in downtown Appleton, divided into two parts by the Fox River. The academic campus is on the north shore of the river, and the major athletic facilities (including the 5,000-seat Banta Bowl) are on the southeast shore. Lawrence also has a 425-acre (1.7 km2) northern estate called Björklunden (full name: Björklunden vid sjön), which serves as a site for retreats, seminars, concerts, and theatrical performances. It contains a chapel for weddings. Donald and Winifred Boynton of Highland Park, Illinois, donated the property in Door County to Lawrence in 1963.
Campus development edit
In the mid-1980s, the Physics Department built a $330,000 small laser laboratory (known as the "laser palace"), which includes 800 5 mW small lasers and more than 500 mirrors.
In 2009, Lawrence opened the Richard and Margot Warch Campus Center, a gathering place for students, faculty, staff, alumni, and guests from the Fox Cities community.[12] The 107,000-square-foot (9,900 m2) building is situated on the Fox River on the site of the former Hulburt House. The Warch Campus Center includes a cinema, campus dining services, campus mailboxes, and various meeting and event spaces. The building has earned a LEED Gold certification for meeting sustainability goals in energy conservation, environmental friendliness, and green building.
Student body edit
Lawrence enrolls about 1,500 students. The total enrollment in academic year 2010–11 was 1,566 students,[13] the largest student body in Lawrence University's history. Over 75% of the students identify as white,[13] about 12% are international students,[9] and about 25% of students study in the conservatory of music. In the fall of 2014, a quarter of the incoming class were domestic students of color.[14]
Lawrence students have been named Rhodes Scholars seven times. Since 1976, 57 students and nine faculty have received Fulbright Scholarships. Since 1969, 73 students have been named Watson Fellows.[15]
Student traditions edit
At the beginning of every academic year in September, incoming freshmen arrive a week before returning students to partake in Welcome Week. During Welcome Week, various activities are planned in order to help the incoming class get to know one another and to help them acclimate to college life.[16] During the first night of Welcome Week, students and their parents attend the President's Welcome, which concludes with the traditional matriculation handshake, where every member of the incoming class shakes hands and exchanges words with the university's president.[16]
During the fall term, the on-campus fraternity Beta Theta Pi hosts the annual Beach Bash. For this event, the brothers of ΒθΠ shovel approximately 14 tons of sand into the fraternity house basement,[17] and install a boardwalk and a lifeguard station that doubles as a DJ booth.This tradition was skipped in 2020, due to the COVID-19 pandemic.[18]
During spring term, Lawrence hosts a music festival, LU-aroo (a play on words on the popular music festival Bonnaroo). Held on the quad, the festival features many talented student bands, both from the college and the conservatory.[19] In 2016, the musician The Tallest Man on Earth played at the festival.[20]
Media edit
The student newspaper, The Lawrentian, has been published for over a century.
Lawrence had a radio station, WLFM, from 1955 (broadcasting beginning in 1956) through 2005.
Athletics edit
| Lawrence Vikings | |
|---|---|
| University | Lawrence University |
| Conference | Midwest Conference Northern Collegiate Hockey Association (hockey only) |
| NCAA | Division III |
| Athletic director | Jason Imperati |
| Location | Appleton, Wisconsin |
| Varsity teams | 21 |
| Football stadium | Banta Bowl (5,255) |
| Basketball arena | Alexander Gymnasium |
| Baseball stadium | Whiting Field[21] |
| Nickname | Vikings (1926)[22] |
| Fight song | "Go, Lawrence, Go"[22] |
| Colors | Navy and White |
| Website | www |
Lawrence University's intercollegiate athletic teams, known as the Vikings since 1926,[22] compete in the Midwest Conference in National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division III. Men's sports include baseball, basketball, cross country, fencing, football, golf, ice hockey, soccer, swimming & diving, tennis, and track & field; women's sports include basketball, cross country, fencing, golf, soccer, softball, swimming & diving, tennis, track & field, and volleyball.
In 2005–06, the men's basketball team was ranked first in Division III for much of the season, after starting the season unranked.[23] The Vikings were the only undefeated team in all divisions of college basketball for the last six weeks of the season, ending with a record of 25–1. Star forward Chris Braier won the Josten's Award as the top player in the country for both playing ability and community service.[24] Coach John Tharp was named Division III Midwest Coach of the Year.[25] Beginning in 2004, Lawrence qualified for the Division III national tournament in five of the next six years (2004, 2005, 2006, 2008, 2009).[23] Their best result was in 2004, advancing to the quarterfinals (Elite 8), but fell to eventual national champion Wisconsin–Stevens Point by a point in overtime at Tacoma, Washington.[26]
In 2011, Lawrence's men's cross country team won the Midwest Conference championships for the first time since 1985, beating Grinnell College and ending its 14-year winning streak.
Recognition edit
Lawrence was ranked 63rd on the 2022-2023 U.S. News: List of Best U.S. National Liberal Arts Colleges and 35th in its best-value schools list.[27]
Notable faculty edit
- William Chaney, historian
- Richard N. Current, historian
- Estelí Gomez, soprano
- William H. Riker, political scientist
- Charles B. Schudson, judge
- Fred Sturm, jazz composer and musician
- Arthur Thrall, artist
- Harry Dexter White, economist, first U.S. Director of IMF (1946–47), and Soviet informant
- John Holiday, opera singer, music professor, and finalist on season 19 of The Voice.
- Peter N. Peregrine, renowned anthropologist and archaeologist
Notable alumni edit
- James Sibree Anderson, Wisconsin State Representative
- Martha Bablitch, judge of the Wisconsin Court of Appeals
- John Miller Baer, 1909, Congressman from North Dakota[28]
- William Baer, Assistant Attorney General for the Antitrust Division
- Melvin Baldwin, Congressman from Minnesota[29]
- Charles A. Barnard, Wisconsin State Representative
- Sam Barry, college basketball and baseball coach (attended)[30]
- Myrt Basing, NFL player[31]
- Jennifer Baumgardner, 1992, feminist writer and activist[32]
- Lisle Blackbourn, 1925, NFL head coach[33]
- Champ Boettcher, NFL player[34]
- Thomas Boyd, Wisconsin State Representative
- Alexander Brazeau, Wisconsin State Representative
- Webster E. Brown, Congressman from Wisconsin (attended)[35]
- Bonnie Bryant, 1968, author of children's books[36]
- Louis B. Butler Jr., 1973, associate justice of the Wisconsin Supreme Court[36]
- Thomas Callaway, Actor and Interior Designer
- Robert A. Collins, Wisconsin State Representative
- Julia Colman (1828–1909), American temperance educator, activist, editor, writer
- Charles Rankin Deniston, Wisconsin State Representative
- James Dinsdale, Wisconsin State Representative
- William Diver, 1942, linguist and founder of the Columbia School of Linguistics
- Pawo Choyning Dorji, 2006, filmmaker and photographer
- William Draheim, Wisconsin State Senator
- Paul Driessen, 1970, author and lobbyist[37]
- Dale Duesing, 1967, operatic baritone[36]
- Siri Engberg, curator, Walker Art Center[38]
- Cynthia Estlund, 1978, law professor and author[39]
- Edna Ferber, author and playwright (attended)[40]
- James A. Frear, Congressman from Wisconsin (attended)[41]
- Earle W. Fricker, Wisconsin State Representative
- William Fuller, 1975, poet and senior vice president and chief fiduciary officer of Northern Trust Corporation[42]
- Dominic Fumusa, 1991, actor[43][44]
- John Rankin Gamble, 1872, Congressman from South Dakota[45]
- Robert J. Gamble, 1874, Congressman from South Dakota[46][47]
- Ed Glick, NFL player (attended)[48]
- Walter Samuel Goodland, governor of Wisconsin (attended)[49]
- Suzanne Graff, actress
- Michael P. Hammond, 1954, chairman of the National Endowment for the Arts[47]
- Lorena Hickok, confidante of Eleanor Roosevelt (attended)[50]
- Earnest Hooton, 1903, physical anthropologist[51]
- John D. Huber, Columbia University political scientist
- Thomas R. Hudd, Congressman from Wisconsin (attended)[52]
- Frank W. Humphrey, 1881, Wisconsin State Representative
- Bruce Iglauer, founder of Alligator Records
- Lester Johnson, Congressman from Wisconsin
- Zachary Scot Johnson, 2001, singer-songwriter and creator of Thesongadayproject[53]
- Jeffrey Jones, 1968, actor[54]
- Scott Klug, 1975 former congressman from Wisconsin[47]
- Peter Kolkay, bassoonist
- Eddie Kotal, National Football League player
- Takakazu Kuriyama, Japanese ambassador to the United States (attended)[55]
- Barbara Lawton, 1987, Lieutenant Governor of Wisconsin (2001–2011)[36]
- Fred Lerdahl, 1965, composer and music theorist[47]
- John A. Luke Jr., 1971, CEO of MeadWestvaco[56]
- Harry N. MacLean, 1964, true crime author[57]
- Momodu Maligie, 2004, Minister of Water Resources for Sierra Leone
- William H. Markham, Wisconsin State Senator
- John McDonald, NFL player
- James H. McGillan, mayor of Green Bay, Wisconsin
- James Merrell, 1975, professor of history at Vassar College[47]
- John S. Mills, U.S. Air Force major general[58]
- Terry Moran, 1982, chief White House correspondent for ABC News[36]
- David Mulford, 1969, United States Ambassador to India (2004–2009)[36]
- William F. Nash, Wisconsin State Senator
- George Allen Neeves, Wisconsin State Representative
- Tom Neff, 1975, CEO and founder of The Documentary Channel[56]
- Justus Henry Nelson, missionary in the Amazon (attended)[59]
- Garth Neustadter, 2011 Emmy winner, Outstanding Music Composition for a Series[60]
- Angelia Thurston Newman, poet, author, lecturer
- Roger Nicoll, 1963, neuroscientist at UCSF
- Jessica Nelson North, 1917, author[47]
- Arnold C. Otto, Wisconsin State Representative
- Rip Owens, NFL player (attended)[61]
- Alice Peacock, 1992 singer-songwriter[62]
- Charles Pettibone, Wisconsin State Senator
- Cindy Regal, 2001, experimental physicist
- Scott Reppert, 1983, player for Lawrence's football team[47]
- Eben Eugene Rexford, author of works on gardening (attended)[47]
- Carl W. Riddick, member of the U.S. House of Representatives from the Second District of Montana[63]
- Josh Sawyer, video game designer at Obsidian Entertainment[64]
- Melvin H. Schlytter, Wisconsin State Representative
- Campbell Scott, 1983, actor[36]
- Michael Shurtleff, 1942, casting director, author[47]
- Eric Simonson, 1982, Oscar-winning writer–director[47]
- Red Smith, 1926, MLB player, NFL player and assistant coach, head coach of the Georgetown Hoyas football team and Wisconsin Badgers football team[47]
- Janet Steiger, 1961, chairman of the Federal Trade Commission[47]
- Thomas A. Steitz, 1962, Sterling Professor of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry at Yale University, 2009 Nobel Prize in Chemistry laureate[47]
- Heidi Stober, 2000, operatic soprano
- Fred Sturm, 1973, jazz composer and arranger[62]
- William T. Sullivan, Wisconsin State Representative
- Gladys Taber (1899–1980), author
- Anton R. Valukas, 1965, U.S. attorney, author of the Valukas Report
- Madhuri Vijay, 2009, novelist, author of The Far Field
- James Franklin Ware, 1871, legislator
- William Warner, U.S. Senator from Missouri (attended)[65]
- Iva Bigelow Weaver, soprano and music educator based in Milwaukee
- Alexander B. Whitman, Wisconsin State Senator
- George W. Wolff, Wisconsin State Representative and Senator
- Tom Zoellner, 1991, author, journalist
- Al Zupek, 1944, NFL player[47]
See also edit
References edit
- ^ As of June 30, 2021. U.S. and Canadian Institutions Listed by Fiscal Year 2021 Endowment Market Value and Change in Endowment Market Value from FY20 to FY21 (Report). National Association of College and University Business Officers and TIAA. February 18, 2022. Retrieved February 20, 2022.
- ^ a b As of Fall 2013. "Lawrence University 2013 Profile" (PDF). Lawrence University. Retrieved February 27, 2014.
- ^ "Lawrence History | Lawrence University". Lawrence.edu. Retrieved 2014-05-18.
- ^ See also Charles Breunig’s book, A Great and Good Work: A History of Lawrence University, 1847–1964.
- ^ Council of Independent Colleges, "Main Hall", Historic Campus Architecture Project.
- ^ "President Mark Burstein". Lawrence University. Retrieved 30 April 2015.
- ^ "Freshman Studies History". Lawrence University. Retrieved 30 April 2015.
- ^ West, Samantha. "Lawrence University announces Laurie Carter as its next president, replacing Mark Burstein". The Post-Crescent.
- ^ a b . Lawrence.edu. Archived from the original on 2012-05-11. Retrieved 2012-05-14.
- ^ F. M. Doeringer, "A History of the Freshman Program, 1945–1986", lawrence.edu, retrieved June 28, 2022.
- ^ Ed Berthiaume, "2020-21 guide to Freshman Studies reading list: 'Shows a remarkable range'", lawrence.edu, August 5, 2020, retrieved June 28, 2022.
- ^ "About the Campus Center". Retrieved 2013-09-18.
- ^ a b As of Fall 2010. (PDF). Lawrence University. Archived from the original (PDF) on May 11, 2012.
- ^ "Hail to the Class of 2018: Lawrence Welcomes More than 400 New Students". Lawrence University News Blog. 2014-09-09. Retrieved 2014-12-02.
- ^ "Student Outcomes". 2021-02-26. Retrieved 2021-02-28.
- ^ a b "Welcome Week 2016 Schedule" (PDF). Lawrence University. Retrieved 12 December 2016.
- ^ Birch, Hannah (7 November 2016). "Senator Tim Kaine campaigns on campus, pushes early voting". The Lawrentian. Retrieved 12 December 2016.
- ^ Denault, Ethan. "Y'all gonna make me act a fool". The Lawrentian. from the original on 24 March 2016. Retrieved 12 December 2016.
- ^ Senye, Yame. "LUAROO". Lawrence University Student Stories. Lawrence University. Retrieved 12 December 2016.
- ^ Nyman, Shane. "LU to host Tallest Man on Earth". The Post-Crescent. USA Today. Retrieved 12 December 2016.
- ^ "Lawrence University Athletics venues". Lawrence.edu. Retrieved 10 July 2014.
- ^ a b c "Traditions: Lawrence University". lawrence.edu. Retrieved 10 July 2014.
- ^ a b "Men's Basketball: Lawrence University Athletics". lawrence.edu. Retrieved 10 July 2014.
- ^ "Jostens Trophy Winners Archive - ODAC". Odaconline.com. 2002-01-06. Retrieved 2014-05-18.
- ^ John Tharp. "John Tharp - Hillsdale College Athletics". Hillsdalechargers.com. Retrieved 2014-05-18.
- ^ "Scoreboard: Saturday's men's results". Eugene Register-Guard. (Oregon). March 14, 2004. p. E8.
- ^ https://www.usnews.com/best-colleges/lawrence-university-3856/overall-rankings
- ^ "Biographical Directory of the United States Congress: BAER, John Miller". bioguide.congress.gov. Retrieved 10 July 2014.
- ^ "BALDWIN, Melvin Riley - Biographical Information". Bioguide.congress.gov. Retrieved 2012-05-14.
- ^ "University of Southern California Official Athletic Site - Athletics News". Usctrojans.com. Retrieved 2012-05-14.
- ^ "Myrt Basing NFL Football Statistics". Pro-Football-Reference.com. 1957-04-29. Retrieved 2012-05-14.
- ^ . Lawrence.edu. Archived from the original on February 24, 2012. Retrieved 2012-05-14.
- ^ . Lawrence.edu. Archived from the original on February 5, 2012. Retrieved 2012-05-14.
- ^ "Champ Boettcher, FB at". nfl.com. Retrieved 2012-05-14.
- ^ "BROWN, Webster Everett - Biographical Information". Bioguide.congress.gov. 1929-12-14. Retrieved 2012-05-14.
- ^ a b c d e f g . Lawrence.edu. Archived from the original on 2012-05-11. Retrieved 2012-05-14.
- ^ . Grassrootinstitute.org. Archived from the original on 2012-03-03. Retrieved 2012-05-14.
- ^ . Pew Center for Arts & Heritage. Archived from the original on September 9, 2013. Retrieved May 3, 2013.
- ^ "WER: Edna Ferber / Writing Under Difficulties". Library.wisc.edu. 1998-01-01. Retrieved 2012-05-14.
- ^ "Biographical Sketches : James A. Frear". Files.usgwarchives.net. Retrieved 2014-05-18.
- ^ "Lawrence University Alumnus, Poet William Fuller Gives Reading". Lawrence University News Blog. February 16, 2005. Retrieved December 26, 2010.
- ^ . Blogs.lawrence.edu. 2010-03-01. Archived from the original on 2011-07-24. Retrieved 2015-03-05.
- ^ "Dominic Fumusa Biography". tvguide.com. Retrieved 10 July 2014.
- ^ "GAMBLE, John Rankin - Biographical Information". Bioguide.congress.gov. Retrieved 2012-05-14.
- ^ "GAMBLE, Robert Jackson - Biographical Information". Bioguide.congress.gov. Retrieved 2012-05-14.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n [1] April 6, 2012, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Ed Glick NFL Football Statistics". Pro-Football-Reference.com. 1976-08-13. Retrieved 2012-05-14.
- ^ [2] June 21, 2015, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ [3] March 28, 2010, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ [4] September 19, 2009, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "HUDD, Thomas Richard - Biographical Information". Bioguide.congress.gov. Retrieved 2014-05-18.
- ^ "Johnson's 'thesongadayproject' hits 2 years on YouTube". www.jsonline.com.
- ^ [5] March 7, 2013, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ . Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. 2006-10-13. Archived from the original on 2014-04-08. Retrieved 2014-04-08.
- ^ a b [6] June 1, 2012, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ [7] January 6, 2010, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Biographies: Major General John S. Mills". AF.mil. Retrieved May 25, 2016.
- ^ Alumni Record, 1857–1915 - Google Boeken. 2007-11-15. Retrieved 2014-05-18.
- ^ "Site Search | Television Academy". Emmys.com. 2013-09-10. Retrieved 2014-05-18.
- ^ "Rip Owens NFL Football Statistics". Pro-Football-Reference.com. 1970-08-22. Retrieved 2014-05-18.
- ^ a b [8] March 8, 2013, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "RIDDICK, Carl Wood (1872–1960)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved October 14, 2012.
- ^ . Blogs.lawrence.edu. 2010-03-01. Archived from the original on 2011-07-24. Retrieved 2014-05-18.
- ^ "WARNER, William - Biographical Information". Bioguide.congress.gov. Retrieved 2014-05-18.
External links edit
- Media related to Lawrence University at Wikimedia Commons
- Official website