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La Rioja Province, Argentina

January 19, 2024

La Rioja (Spanish pronunciation: [la ˈrjoxa]) is a province of Argentina located in the west of the country. The landscape of the province consist of a series of arid to semi-arid mountain ranges and agricultural valleys in between. It is in one of these valleys that the capital of the province, the city of la La Rioja, lies. Neighboring provinces are from the north clockwise Catamarca, Córdoba, San Luis and San Juan. The dinosaur Riojasaurus is named after the province.

La Rioja
Provincia de La Rioja
Province
Province of La Rioja
Flag
Coat of arms
CountryArgentina
CapitalLa Rioja
Divisions18 departments
Government
 • GovernorRicardo Quintela (PJ/UxP)
 • National Deputies5
 • National Senators
Area
 • Total89,680 km2 (34,630 sq mi)
Population
 (2022 census[1])
 • Total384,607
 • Rank21st
 • Density4.3/km2 (11/sq mi)
DemonymRiojano
GDP
 • Totalpeso 43 billion
(US$1.6 billion) (2018)[2]
Time zoneUTC−3 (ART)
ISO 3166 codeAR-F
HDI (2021)0.840 very high (16th)[3]
Websitelarioja.gov.ar

History edit

 
Facundo Quiroga, La Rioja's popular fighter for autonomy.

Petroglyphs created by early indigenous peoples at the Talampaya National Park are dated around 10,000 years BC. Succeeding cultures of indigenous peoples developed here. The Diaguita, Capayan and the Olongasta peoples inhabited the territory of present-day La Rioja Province at the time of encounter with the Spanish colonists in the 16th century.

Juan Ramírez de Velazco founded Todos Los Santos de la Nueva Rioja in 1591 under the government of Tucumán of the Viceroyalty of Peru. In 1630 the Calchaquí people revolted against the Spanish, but the governor Albornoz suppressed them.

In 1783, after the creation of the Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata, the control of the province of 10,000 inhabitants passed to the Córdoba independency. The province acquired independence from Córdoba in 1820. Following attempts by Bernardino Rivadavia, the first elected President of Argentina, to impose a centralist constitution, the caudillo Juan Facundo Quiroga emerged as a popular leader. He represented their preference for more autonomy, for which they continued to press following Quiroga's 1835 assassination. After a period of internal instability in Argentina, the province finally joined the Argentine Confederation in 1853.

 
La Rioja Bishop Enrique Angelelli, whose advocacy for the poor and for peace cost him the support of his church and his life.

La Rioja attracted fewer immigrants from Europe than did other Argentine provinces from 1890 to the 1930s.

Some Syrian and Lebanese immigrants did settle in the province, among whom the most well-known is probably the Menem family. Coming from what had been the Ottoman Empire, Saul Menem and his wife were of Armenian and Alawi ancestry. He prospered as a traveling salesman and sent his eldest son, Carlos Menem, to Spain for college. After the younger Menem was elected governor of La Rioja Province in March 1973, he implemented a number of reforms advocated by activists for the poor, rural majority, particularly those recommended by Bishop Enrique Angelelli.

Removed and imprisoned following the military ouster of President Isabel Perón in March 1976, Menem was kept in illegal confinement until the end of 1980. He was reportedly tortured during this time. The dictatorship repressed people in the province and was responsible for the brutal murder in August 1976 of Bishop Angelelli. After democracy was restored in 1983, Menem was overwhelmingly re-elected to office. He pursued conservative policies, leveraging La Rioja's dry, agreeable climate, its modest wage scale, and skilled work-force, to attract La Rioja's first significant light industries, particularly bottling and food-processing.

Having presided over a growing La Rioja economy even as the nation's languished during the 1980s, Menem secured the Peronist Justicialist Party nomination for president in May 1988; in an upset, he defeated the popular Governor Antonio Cafiero of Buenos Aires Province. Elected president of Argentina in 1988, Menem served until 1999. During those years, he steered billions in federal public works spending into La Rioja. Although the province remains less developed than the average in the nation, its economy today compares favorably with those of its neighbors.

Geography edit

See also: Climate of Argentina and Climatic regions of Argentina
 
Köppen climate map of La Rioja, Argentina

Located in the Argentine Northwest area, its landscape is arid to semi-arid, and the dry climate receives annually 200 mm of precipitation, has short winters, and very hot summers.

From the Andes at the west, with peaks of up to 6,795 meters (Monte Pissis), the relief's height descends towards the sierras of the neighbouring dry Pampas zone. Most ranges in La Rioja are oriented north-south. The province's two largest cities, La Rioja and Chilecito are separated by Sierra de Velasco and west of Chilecito and Famatina rises the Sierra de Famatina with heights of up to 6,250 m.a.sl. (≈20500 feet).

The Talampaya National Park is a dry red-soil canyon of the dry Talampaya river, which contains many cliff walls and rock formations that make it an interesting tourist destination.

Economy edit

La Rioja's economy, estimated at US$1.822 billion in 2006, is the second-smallest among Argentina's provinces.[4] Its per capita output of US$6,283, though about 30% below the national average, makes it the most well-developed in northern Argentina.[4]

Its economy is, likewise, very well-diversified. Agriculture (long limited by La Rioja's dry, mountainous terrain) adds less than 5% to its output. La Rioja's agriculture (as well as cities) lies on the banks of the few permanent rivers and oases that allow irrigation, with only 190 square kilometres of cultivated land. Vineyards, nuts and olive plantations are the most common, followed by cotton.

 
Vineyard in Chilecito.

The province's main crop is the grape, and its associated wine production, especially around the Chilecito area, with a production of 8 million litres per year.

Cattle (250,000 heads) and goats (150,000 heads) are secondary activities, particularly for skin and leather. Clay represents the main mining activity, and uranium is also extracted near El Colorado.

Manufacturing in La Rioja has expanded considerably since Gov. Menem began attracting investment into the province, after 1983. Limited mostly to light industry like bottling and food processing, it, nevertheless, adds about 20% to La Rioja's output. Tourism is, likewise, an expanding activity. Besides the Talampaya National Park, tourists visiting La Rioja usually go also to the Chilecito town, Cerro de La Cruz, Termas de Santa Teresita hot springs and the village of Villa Sanagasta.

Since 2024 it has its own currency.[5]

Government edit

The provincial government is divided into the usual three branches: the executive, headed by a popularly elected governor, who appoint the cabinet; the legislative; and the judiciary, headed by the Supreme Court.

Main articles: Legislature of La Rioja and Governor of La Rioja Province

The Constitution of La Rioja Province, Argentina forms the formal law of the province.

In Argentina, the most important law enforcement organization is the Argentine Federal Police but the additional work is carried out by the La Rioja Provincial Police.

Political division edit

 
Hangliding in the Famatina valley, La Rioja.
 
Chirau Mita Botanical Gardens, Chilecito.
 
Dam wall, Olta

The province is divided in 18 departments (Spanish departamentos). They are formally considered to be a single municipality, and usually contain one or more population centers (i.e. towns and cities).

  1. Arauco (Aimogasta)
  2. Capital (La Rioja)
  3. Castro Barros (Aminga)
  4. Chamical (Chamical)
  5. Chilecito (Chilecito)
  6. Coronel Felipe Varela (Villa Unión)
  7. Famatina (Famatina)
  8. General Ángel Vicente Peñaloza (Tama)
  9. General Belgrano (Olta)
  10. General Juan Facundo Quiroga (Malazán)
  11. General Lamadrid (Villa Castelli)
  12. General Ocampo (Milagro)
  13. General San Martín (Ulapes)
  14. Independencia (Patquía)
  15. Rosario Vera Peñaloza (Chepes)
  16. San Blas de los Sauces (San Blas de los Sauces)
  17. Sanagasta (Sanagasta)
  18. Vinchina (Vinchina)

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ "Nuevos datos provisorios del Censo 2022: Argentina tiene 46.044.703 habitantes". Infobae. 31 January 2023. Retrieved 2023-02-03.
  2. ^ "PBG La Rioja".
  3. ^ "El mapa del desarrollo humano en Argentina" (PDF). United Nations Development Programme. 25 June 2023.
  4. ^ a b (in Spanish). Instituto Argentino para el Desarrollo de las Economías Regionales. Archived from the original on 11 July 2015. Retrieved 10 July 2015.
  5. ^ https://en.mercopress.com/2024/01/18/argentine-province-to-have-its-own-currency

External links edit

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to La Rioja Province (Argentina).
  • Gobierno de La Rioja Official website

29°26′S 66°51′W / 29.433°S 66.850°W / -29.433; -66.850

January 19, 2024
rioja, province, argentina, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, unsourced, material, challenged, removed, find, sources, news, newspapers, books, scholar, jstor,. This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources La Rioja Province Argentina news newspapers books scholar JSTOR March 2013 Learn how and when to remove this template message La Rioja Spanish pronunciation la ˈrjoxa is a province of Argentina located in the west of the country The landscape of the province consist of a series of arid to semi arid mountain ranges and agricultural valleys in between It is in one of these valleys that the capital of the province the city of la La Rioja lies Neighboring provinces are from the north clockwise Catamarca Cordoba San Luis and San Juan The dinosaur Riojasaurus is named after the province La Rioja Provincia de La RiojaProvinceProvince of La RiojaFlagCoat of armsCountryArgentinaCapitalLa RiojaDivisions18 departmentsGovernment GovernorRicardo Quintela PJ UxP National Deputies5 National SenatorsFlorencia Lopez PJ Fernando Rejal PJ Juan Carlos Pagotto LLA Area Total89 680 km2 34 630 sq mi Population 2022 census 1 Total384 607 Rank21st Density4 3 km2 11 sq mi DemonymRiojanoGDP Totalpeso 43 billion US 1 6 billion 2018 2 Time zoneUTC 3 ART ISO 3166 codeAR FHDI 2021 0 840 very high 16th 3 Websitelarioja wbr gov wbr ar Contents 1 History 2 Geography 3 Economy 4 Government 5 Political division 6 See also 7 References 8 External linksHistory edit nbsp Facundo Quiroga La Rioja s popular fighter for autonomy Petroglyphs created by early indigenous peoples at the Talampaya National Park are dated around 10 000 years BC Succeeding cultures of indigenous peoples developed here The Diaguita Capayan and the Olongasta peoples inhabited the territory of present day La Rioja Province at the time of encounter with the Spanish colonists in the 16th century Juan Ramirez de Velazco founded Todos Los Santos de la Nueva Rioja in 1591 under the government of Tucuman of the Viceroyalty of Peru In 1630 the Calchaqui people revolted against the Spanish but the governor Albornoz suppressed them In 1783 after the creation of the Viceroyalty of the Rio de la Plata the control of the province of 10 000 inhabitants passed to the Cordoba independency The province acquired independence from Cordoba in 1820 Following attempts by Bernardino Rivadavia the first elected President of Argentina to impose a centralist constitution the caudillo Juan Facundo Quiroga emerged as a popular leader He represented their preference for more autonomy for which they continued to press following Quiroga s 1835 assassination After a period of internal instability in Argentina the province finally joined the Argentine Confederation in 1853 nbsp La Rioja Bishop Enrique Angelelli whose advocacy for the poor and for peace cost him the support of his church and his life La Rioja attracted fewer immigrants from Europe than did other Argentine provinces from 1890 to the 1930s Some Syrian and Lebanese immigrants did settle in the province among whom the most well known is probably the Menem family Coming from what had been the Ottoman Empire Saul Menem and his wife were of Armenian and Alawi ancestry He prospered as a traveling salesman and sent his eldest son Carlos Menem to Spain for college After the younger Menem was elected governor of La Rioja Province in March 1973 he implemented a number of reforms advocated by activists for the poor rural majority particularly those recommended by Bishop Enrique Angelelli Removed and imprisoned following the military ouster of President Isabel Peron in March 1976 Menem was kept in illegal confinement until the end of 1980 He was reportedly tortured during this time The dictatorship repressed people in the province and was responsible for the brutal murder in August 1976 of Bishop Angelelli After democracy was restored in 1983 Menem was overwhelmingly re elected to office He pursued conservative policies leveraging La Rioja s dry agreeable climate its modest wage scale and skilled work force to attract La Rioja s first significant light industries particularly bottling and food processing Having presided over a growing La Rioja economy even as the nation s languished during the 1980s Menem secured the Peronist Justicialist Party nomination for president in May 1988 in an upset he defeated the popular Governor Antonio Cafiero of Buenos Aires Province Elected president of Argentina in 1988 Menem served until 1999 During those years he steered billions in federal public works spending into La Rioja Although the province remains less developed than the average in the nation its economy today compares favorably with those of its neighbors Geography editSee also Climate of Argentina and Climatic regions of Argentina nbsp Koppen climate map of La Rioja ArgentinaLocated in the Argentine Northwest area its landscape is arid to semi arid and the dry climate receives annually 200 mm of precipitation has short winters and very hot summers From the Andes at the west with peaks of up to 6 795 meters Monte Pissis the relief s height descends towards the sierras of the neighbouring dry Pampas zone Most ranges in La Rioja are oriented north south The province s two largest cities La Rioja and Chilecito are separated by Sierra de Velasco and west of Chilecito and Famatina rises the Sierra de Famatina with heights of up to 6 250 m a sl 20500 feet The Talampaya National Park is a dry red soil canyon of the dry Talampaya river which contains many cliff walls and rock formations that make it an interesting tourist destination Economy editLa Rioja s economy estimated at US 1 822 billion in 2006 is the second smallest among Argentina s provinces 4 Its per capita output of US 6 283 though about 30 below the national average makes it the most well developed in northern Argentina 4 Its economy is likewise very well diversified Agriculture long limited by La Rioja s dry mountainous terrain adds less than 5 to its output La Rioja s agriculture as well as cities lies on the banks of the few permanent rivers and oases that allow irrigation with only 190 square kilometres of cultivated land Vineyards nuts and olive plantations are the most common followed by cotton nbsp Vineyard in Chilecito The province s main crop is the grape and its associated wine production especially around the Chilecito area with a production of 8 million litres per year Cattle 250 000 heads and goats 150 000 heads are secondary activities particularly for skin and leather Clay represents the main mining activity and uranium is also extracted near El Colorado Manufacturing in La Rioja has expanded considerably since Gov Menem began attracting investment into the province after 1983 Limited mostly to light industry like bottling and food processing it nevertheless adds about 20 to La Rioja s output Tourism is likewise an expanding activity Besides the Talampaya National Park tourists visiting La Rioja usually go also to the Chilecito town Cerro de La Cruz Termas de Santa Teresita hot springs and the village of Villa Sanagasta Since 2024 it has its own currency 5 Government editThe provincial government is divided into the usual three branches the executive headed by a popularly elected governor who appoint the cabinet the legislative and the judiciary headed by the Supreme Court Main articles Legislature of La Rioja and Governor of La Rioja Province The Constitution of La Rioja Province Argentina forms the formal law of the province In Argentina the most important law enforcement organization is the Argentine Federal Police but the additional work is carried out by the La Rioja Provincial Police Political division edit nbsp Hangliding in the Famatina valley La Rioja nbsp Chirau Mita Botanical Gardens Chilecito nbsp Dam wall OltaThe province is divided in 18 departments Spanish departamentos They are formally considered to be a single municipality and usually contain one or more population centers i e towns and cities Arauco Aimogasta Capital La Rioja Castro Barros Aminga Chamical Chamical Chilecito Chilecito Coronel Felipe Varela Villa Union Famatina Famatina General Angel Vicente Penaloza Tama General Belgrano Olta General Juan Facundo Quiroga Malazan General Lamadrid Villa Castelli General Ocampo Milagro General San Martin Ulapes Independencia Patquia Rosario Vera Penaloza Chepes San Blas de los Sauces San Blas de los Sauces Sanagasta Sanagasta Vinchina Vinchina See also edit1894 San Juan earthquake Ambil Amuschinas Andolucas Angulos Anjullon Banda Florida Castro Barros Chaupihuasi Colonia Anguinan Colonia Catinzaco Colonia Malligasta Colonia Ortiz de Ocampo Colonia Vichigasta Cuipan Desiderio Tello Guanchin Las Talas Los Palacios Los Sarmientos Miranda Portezuelo San Nicolas San Pedro Santa Clara Santa Vera Cruz Santo Domingo TilimuquiReferences edit Nuevos datos provisorios del Censo 2022 Argentina tiene 46 044 703 habitantes Infobae 31 January 2023 Retrieved 2023 02 03 PBG La Rioja El mapa del desarrollo humano en Argentina PDF United Nations Development Programme 25 June 2023 a b El deficit consolidado de las provincias rondara los 11 500 millones este ano in Spanish Instituto Argentino para el Desarrollo de las Economias Regionales Archived from the original on 11 July 2015 Retrieved 10 July 2015 https en mercopress com 2024 01 18 argentine province to have its own currencyExternal links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to La Rioja Province Argentina Gobierno de La Rioja Official website 29 26 S 66 51 W 29 433 S 66 850 W 29 433 66 850 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title La Rioja Province Argentina amp oldid 1197028417, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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