Kurdish coffee

Kurdish coffee (Kurdish: (قاوەی کوردی) Qehweya Kurdî or Qehweya Kezwanan^[1]) or menengiç coffee (Turkish: menengiç kahvesi), meaning pistachio coffee or terebinth coffee, is a traditional hot beverage in Kurdish^[2][3][4][5] and Turkish cuisine.^[6][7][8][9] It is made of ground roasted terebinth fruits (related to the pistachio) as the main ingredient, and is caffeine-free.^[2][8] It is particularly popular in parts of Southeastern Anatolia.^[10]

A coffee-like beverage made from the roasted fruit of the terebinth or "turpentine tree"

History

The beverage has been produced in areas including Diyarbakır, Adıyaman, Mardin, and Batman for over a hundred years. The roasted and ground berries have been exported to Europe and around the world since the early 20th century.^[4] It is also considered a traditional specialty of Gaziantep.^[11]

In recent years, the processed berries in the form of an oily paste have appeared as a branded product in cans or jars.^{[8][additional citation(s) needed]}

References

1. "Li zozanan kezwan şewazê dawî digire". Jinha (in Kurdish). Retrieved 2019-09-23.
2. Lukach, Adam (August 31, 2019). "Craving: Middle Eastern food, from savory kebabs to aromatic spices, perfectly puffed pitas and more". Chicago Tribune. from the original on September 20, 2019. Retrieved September 23, 2019.
3. "Celebrating Kansas City And All Its Traditions (From Here and Abroad)". 21 December 2018. Retrieved 2019-10-08.
4. "Qehweya Kizwanê, berhemek resen a Kurdî ye" [Kizwan Coffee is a genuine Kurdish product]. Kurdistan24 (in Kurdish). August 25, 2015. Retrieved 2019-09-23.
5. Sherwani, Halgurd (26 December 2023). "University lecturer calls for renaming terebinth coffee 'Kurdish coffee'". ERBIL: Kurdistan24. Kurdistan24. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
6. "MENENGİÇ KAHVESİNİN TESCİLİ İLE GAZİANTEP TÜRKİYE'DE İLK SIRAYA YERLEŞTİ". gaziantep.bel.tr. Retrieved 17 September 2022.
7. "Turpentine Coffee Recipe (Menengiç Kahvesi)". turkishfoods.net. Retrieved 17 September 2022.
8. Helou, Anissa (December 31, 2009). "menengiç: a turkish coffee that is not coffee at all". anissa's blog. Retrieved 2019-09-23.
9. "Menengiç Kahvesi". Milliyet blog. Retrieved 17 September 2022.
10. Orhan, Ilkay Erdogan; Senol, F. Sezer; Gulpinar, A. Rifat; Sekeroglu, Nazim; Kartal, Murat; Sener, Bilge (2012). "Neuroprotective potential of some terebinth coffee brands and the unprocessed fruits of Pistacia terebinthus L. and their fatty and essential oil analyses". Food Chemistry. 130 (4): 882–888. doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.07.119.
11. "From Menengiç to Syrup: Drink Culture in Gaziantep".