Prince Andrey Mikhailovich Kurbsky (Russian: Андрей Михайлович Курбский; Polish: Andriej Michajłowicz Kurbski; 1528–1583) was a Russian political figure, military leader, and political philosopher, known as an intimate friend and then a leading political opponent of the Russian tsar Ivan the Terrible (r. 1533–1584). His correspondence with the tsar provides a unique source for the history of 16th-century Russia.
Andrey Kurbsky belonged to a family of Rurikid (Monomakhovichi) princes, which took its name from the town of Kurba near Yaroslavl. At an early age, he gained renown for courage displayed in the annual campaigns against Kazan. During the decisive siege of Kazan in 1552 he commanded the right flank of the Russian army and was wounded. Two years later, he defeated the Udmurt rebels and became a boyar. At that time, Kurbsky became one of the closest associates and advisors to the tsar.
During the Livonian War of 1558-1583, Kurbsky led the Russian troops against the Livonian fortress of Dorpat (in Russian sources Yuryev; today Tartu, Estonia), and was victorious (1558). After Ivan failed to renew his commission, Kurbsky defected to Lithuania on April 30, 1564, citing impending repressions as his reason. Later the same year he led a Polish-Lithuanian army against Russia and devastated the region of Velikie Luki. As a reward, Sigismund II August, king of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, gave him the town of Kovel in Volhynia (now in Ukraine), where he lived peacefully, defending his Orthodox subjects from Polish encroachments. Kurbsky thus became the first prominent Russian political emigre.[1]
Kurbsky is best remembered for a series of vitriolic letters he exchanged with the tsar between 1564 and 1579. In 1573, he wrote a political pamphlet, which voiced the former independent princeling's disapproval of Ivan's slide towards absolutism. In his writings, Kurbsky blames the tsar for a number of pathologically cruel crimes, but historians still disagree as to whether his claims should be given credit. Kurbsky's language is remarkable for an abundance of foreign loan-words, especially from Latin, which he had mastered abroad.
A dramatized account of his life, in which he is depicted as the second-most powerful aristocrat in Russia (second only to the tsar) who is constantly put under pressure by boyars who want to make him revolt against the imperial authority at Moscow, can be found in the epic 1944 work of Soviet film director Sergei Eisenstein, Ivan the Terrible.
Referencesedit
^Andrzej Nowak, "The Russo-Polish Historical Confrontation", Sarmatian Review, January 1997 Issue.
^Józef Wolff, «Kniaziowie Litewsko-Ruscy», Warszawa, 1895 r., Cz. 1 str. 194-197 (Kurbski-Jaroslawski), Cz. 2 str. 662 (Kozar-Krupski)
External linksedit
genealogy (Андрей Михайлович Курбский) (in Russian)
Correspondence of Ivan IV and Kurbsky (in Russian)
Kurbsky's History of the Grand Prince of Moscow (in Russian)
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Andrey Kurbsky.
May 03, 2024
andrey, kurbsky, this, name, that, follows, eastern, slavic, naming, customs, patronymic, mikhailovich, family, name, kurbsky, prince, andrey, mikhailovich, kurbsky, russian, Андрей, Михайлович, Курбский, polish, andriej, michajłowicz, kurbski, 1528, 1583, rus. In this name that follows Eastern Slavic naming customs the patronymic is Mikhailovich and the family name is Kurbsky Prince Andrey Mikhailovich Kurbsky Russian Andrej Mihajlovich Kurbskij Polish Andriej Michajlowicz Kurbski 1528 1583 was a Russian political figure military leader and political philosopher known as an intimate friend and then a leading political opponent of the Russian tsar Ivan the Terrible r 1533 1584 His correspondence with the tsar provides a unique source for the history of 16th century Russia Andrey KurbskyAndrej KurbskijKurbsky in Novgorod miniature from the Illustrated Chronicle of Ivan the TerribleBorn1528Died1583ParentMikhail Kurbsky father Contents 1 Life 2 In popular culture 3 References 4 External linksLife editAndrey Kurbsky belonged to a family of Rurikid Monomakhovichi princes which took its name from the town of Kurba near Yaroslavl At an early age he gained renown for courage displayed in the annual campaigns against Kazan During the decisive siege of Kazan in 1552 he commanded the right flank of the Russian army and was wounded Two years later he defeated the Udmurt rebels and became a boyar At that time Kurbsky became one of the closest associates and advisors to the tsar During the Livonian War of 1558 1583 Kurbsky led the Russian troops against the Livonian fortress of Dorpat in Russian sources Yuryev today Tartu Estonia and was victorious 1558 After Ivan failed to renew his commission Kurbsky defected to Lithuania on April 30 1564 citing impending repressions as his reason Later the same year he led a Polish Lithuanian army against Russia and devastated the region of Velikie Luki As a reward Sigismund II August king of the Polish Lithuanian Commonwealth gave him the town of Kovel in Volhynia now in Ukraine where he lived peacefully defending his Orthodox subjects from Polish encroachments Kurbsky thus became the first prominent Russian political emigre 1 Kurbsky is best remembered for a series of vitriolic letters he exchanged with the tsar between 1564 and 1579 In 1573 he wrote a political pamphlet which voiced the former independent princeling s disapproval of Ivan s slide towards absolutism In his writings Kurbsky blames the tsar for a number of pathologically cruel crimes but historians still disagree as to whether his claims should be given credit Kurbsky s language is remarkable for an abundance of foreign loan words especially from Latin which he had mastered abroad His son Dmitri Kurbsky Krupski 2 converted from Orthodoxy to Catholicism In popular culture editA dramatized account of his life in which he is depicted as the second most powerful aristocrat in Russia second only to the tsar who is constantly put under pressure by boyars who want to make him revolt against the imperial authority at Moscow can be found in the epic 1944 work of Soviet film director Sergei Eisenstein Ivan the Terrible References edit Andrzej Nowak The Russo Polish Historical Confrontation Sarmatian Review January 1997 Issue Jozef Wolff Kniaziowie Litewsko Ruscy Warszawa 1895 r Cz 1 str 194 197 Kurbski Jaroslawski Cz 2 str 662 Kozar Krupski External links editgenealogy Andrej Mihajlovich Kurbskij in Russian Correspondence of Ivan IV and Kurbsky in Russian Kurbsky s History of the Grand Prince of Moscow in Russian nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Andrey Kurbsky Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Andrey Kurbsky amp oldid 1214436540, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
