The Khouw family of Tamboen was an aristocratic landowning dynasty of bureaucrats and community leaders, part of the Cabang Atas or the Peranakan Chinese gentry of colonial Indonesia.[1][2][3]
Many members of the family held the rank of Majoor, Kapitein and Luitenant der Chinezen in the colonial government, which gave them significant political and judicial jurisdiction over the colony's Chinese subjects.[2][4][5] As among the colony's largest landlords, the family also played an important role in the urban, agricultural and economic development of the greater Jakarta area.[1][2][6]
Portrait of Majoor Khouw Kim An's grandsons, Yan and Coen (by Charles Sayers, circa 1937).
The family traces its lineage back to the Chinese-born or Totok brothers Khouw Tjoen (died in 1831), Khouw Shio and Khouw Soen, who migrated around 1769 from their native Fujian in the Qing Empire to Tegal on Java's north coast, where they prospered in business.[2][3][7] The brothers were the sons of Khouw Teng and grandsons of Khouw Kek Po, and hailed from the ranks of the landowning Chinese scholar-gentry.[2][7]
The oldest, Khouw Tjoen, subsequently established himself in Batavia, capital of the Dutch East Indies, and accumulated land in the city and the surrounding countryside.[1][2][3][7] On his death, Khouw Tjoen was succeeded by his eldest son, Khouw Tian Sek (died in 1843), who later became the first member of the family to be raised to the honorary, but not substantive, rank of Luitenant-titulair der Chinezen.[1][2][8]
In his Twentieth Century Impressions, the British journalist Arnold Wright attributes the family's rise 'from...comparatively well-to-do into...exceedingly wealthy' to Luitenant Khouw Tian Sek, whose landholdings in then semi-rural Molenvliet suddenly became prime urban property as the colonial capital expanded southwards in the early nineteenth century.[1] The family owned three extravagant Chinese compounds in Molenvliet, of which the only surviving one, Candra Naya, is now a major historic landmark in Jakarta.[3][6] Khouw also began the family's century-long association with the particuliere land or private domain of Tamboen, the most important of the many estates the family acquired around Batavia.[9] The family is also remembered today for their Art Deco country house, Landhuis Tamboen (now Gedung Juang Tambun [id]).[10]
Khouw's three sons, Khouw Tjeng Tjoan, Khouw Tjeng Kee and Khouw Tjeng Po, were − like their father − also elevated to the honorary rank of Luitenant-titulair der Chinezen.[2][3] By the second half of the nineteenth century, the family's accumulation of dynastic land and wealth was among the largest and most significant in Batavia, if not the whole colony.[11]
The three brothers had many wives and children. A number of their children were pre-eminent community leaders in the late colonial era, including: Khouw Yauw Kie (died 1908), the family's first Kapitein der Chinezen and first representative on the Kong Koan [the Chinese Council]; his cousin, Khouw Kim An, the last Majoor der Chinezen of Batavia (1875 - 1945); his brother, Khouw Kim Tjiang, Kapitein der Chinezen of Buitenzorg (now Bogor); and their cousin, the philanthropist O. G. Khouw (1874 - 1927).[2][12][13]
Referencesedit
^ abcdeWright, Arnold (1909). Twentieth century impressions of Netherlands India: Its history, people, commerce, industries and resources. London: Lloyd's Greater Britain Pub. Co. Retrieved 1 December 2016.
^ abcdefghiErkelens, Monique (15 October 2013). The decline of the Chinese Council of Batavia: the loss of prestige and authority of the traditional elite amongst the Chinese community from the end of the nineteenth century until 1942(PDF). Leiden: Leiden University. Retrieved 1 December 2016.
^ abcdeKnapp, Ronald G. (2015). Chinese Houses of Southeast Asia: The Eclectic Architecture of Sojourners and Settlers. Singapore: Tuttle Publishing. ISBN9780804844796. Retrieved 1 December 2016.
^Lohanda, Moha (1996). The Kapitan Cina of Batavia, 1837-1942: A History of Chinese Establishment in Colonial Society. Jakarta: Djambatan. ISBN979428257X. Retrieved 1 December 2016.
^Blussé, Leonard; Chen, Menghong (2003). The Archives of the Kong Koan of Batavia. Leiden: BRILL. ISBN9004131574. Retrieved 1 December 2016.
^ abWidayati, Naniek (2003). "Candra Naya Antara Kejayaan Masa Lalu dan Kenyataan Sekarang" [Candra Naya Between The Glory of the Past and The Present Reality]". Dimensi Journal of Architecture and Built Environment (In Indonesian). 31 (2). Retrieved 1 December 2016.
^ abcHaryono, Steve (2017). Perkawinan Strategis: Hubungan Keluarga Antara Opsir-opsir Tionghoa Dan 'Cabang Atas' Di Jawa Pada Abad Ke-19 Dan 20. Utrecht. ISBN978-90-90-30249-2. Retrieved 15 February 2022.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
^"Javasche courant". Familiebericht. No. 93. Landsdrukkerij. November 22, 1843. Retrieved 1 December 2016.
^"Soerabaijasch handelsblad". Het particuliere land Tamboen [The estate of Tamboen]. No. 229. Kolff & Co. October 1, 1941. Retrieved 1 December 2016.
^"Gedung Juang '45, saksi Bisu Perjuangan Masyarakat Tambun [Hall of the Revolution of '45, Silent Witness to the Struggle of the People of Tambun]". Web Resmi Kecamatan Tambun Selatan [Official Website of South Tambun District]. Kecamatan Tambun Selatan [South Tambun District]. Retrieved 1 December 2016.
^Osterhammel, Jürgen (2014). The Transformation of the World: A Global History of the Nineteenth Century. Princeton University Press. p. 221. ISBN9781400849949. Retrieved 2 February 2017.
^Setyautama, Sam (2008). Tokoh-tokoh etnis Tionghoa di Indonesia. Jakarta: Kepustakaan Populer Gramedia. ISBN9789799101259. Retrieved 1 December 2016.
^Suryadinata, Leo (2015). Prominent Indonesian Chinese: Biographical Sketches (4th ed.). Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. ISBN9789814620505. Retrieved 1 December 2016.
October 29, 2023
khouw, family, tamboen, this, chinese, name, family, name, khouw, aristocratic, landowning, dynasty, bureaucrats, community, leaders, part, cabang, atas, peranakan, chinese, gentry, colonial, indonesia, current, regionjakarta, bekasiplace, originfujian, qing, . In this Chinese name the family name is Khouw The Khouw family of Tamboen was an aristocratic landowning dynasty of bureaucrats and community leaders part of the Cabang Atas or the Peranakan Chinese gentry of colonial Indonesia 1 2 3 Khouw family of TamboenCurrent regionJakarta BekasiPlace of originFujian Qing EmpireFounded1769 arrival in Java FounderKhouw Tjoen Khouw Shio Khouw SoenTitlesMajoor Kapitein and Luitenant der Chinezen SiaMembersKhouw Tian Sek Luitenant titulair der Chinezen Khouw Tjeng Tjoan Luitenant titulair der Chinezen O G Khouw Khouw Kim An 5th Majoor der ChinezenConnected familiesThe Oey family of Kemiri The Lie family of Pasilian The Kan Han familyEstate s Candra NayaGedung Juang Tambun id Mausoleum O G KhouwKapitein Khouw Yauw Kie and Majoor Khouw Kim An at Candra Naya in 1864 5 Many members of the family held the rank of Majoor Kapitein and Luitenant der Chinezen in the colonial government which gave them significant political and judicial jurisdiction over the colony s Chinese subjects 2 4 5 As among the colony s largest landlords the family also played an important role in the urban agricultural and economic development of the greater Jakarta area 1 2 6 Portrait of Majoor Khouw Kim An s grandsons Yan and Coen by Charles Sayers circa 1937 The family traces its lineage back to the Chinese born or Totok brothers Khouw Tjoen died in 1831 Khouw Shio and Khouw Soen who migrated around 1769 from their native Fujian in the Qing Empire to Tegal on Java s north coast where they prospered in business 2 3 7 The brothers were the sons of Khouw Teng and grandsons of Khouw Kek Po and hailed from the ranks of the landowning Chinese scholar gentry 2 7 The oldest Khouw Tjoen subsequently established himself in Batavia capital of the Dutch East Indies and accumulated land in the city and the surrounding countryside 1 2 3 7 On his death Khouw Tjoen was succeeded by his eldest son Khouw Tian Sek died in 1843 who later became the first member of the family to be raised to the honorary but not substantive rank of Luitenant titulair der Chinezen 1 2 8 In his Twentieth Century Impressions the British journalist Arnold Wright attributes the family s rise from comparatively well to do into exceedingly wealthy to Luitenant Khouw Tian Sek whose landholdings in then semi rural Molenvliet suddenly became prime urban property as the colonial capital expanded southwards in the early nineteenth century 1 The family owned three extravagant Chinese compounds in Molenvliet of which the only surviving one Candra Naya is now a major historic landmark in Jakarta 3 6 Khouw also began the family s century long association with the particuliere land or private domain of Tamboen the most important of the many estates the family acquired around Batavia 9 The family is also remembered today for their Art Deco country house Landhuis Tamboen now Gedung Juang Tambun id 10 Khouw s three sons Khouw Tjeng Tjoan Khouw Tjeng Kee and Khouw Tjeng Po were like their father also elevated to the honorary rank of Luitenant titulair der Chinezen 2 3 By the second half of the nineteenth century the family s accumulation of dynastic land and wealth was among the largest and most significant in Batavia if not the whole colony 11 The three brothers had many wives and children A number of their children were pre eminent community leaders in the late colonial era including Khouw Yauw Kie died 1908 the family s first Kapitein der Chinezen and first representative on the Kong Koan the Chinese Council his cousin Khouw Kim An the last Majoor der Chinezen of Batavia 1875 1945 his brother Khouw Kim Tjiang Kapitein der Chinezen of Buitenzorg now Bogor and their cousin the philanthropist O G Khouw 1874 1927 2 12 13 References edit a b c d e Wright Arnold 1909 Twentieth century impressions of Netherlands India Its history people commerce industries and resources London Lloyd s Greater Britain Pub Co Retrieved 1 December 2016 a b c d e f g h i Erkelens Monique 15 October 2013 The decline of the Chinese Council of Batavia the loss of prestige and authority of the traditional elite amongst the Chinese community from the end of the nineteenth century until 1942 PDF Leiden Leiden University Retrieved 1 December 2016 a b c d e Knapp Ronald G 2015 Chinese Houses of Southeast Asia The Eclectic Architecture of Sojourners and Settlers Singapore Tuttle Publishing ISBN 9780804844796 Retrieved 1 December 2016 Lohanda Moha 1996 The Kapitan Cina of Batavia 1837 1942 A History of Chinese Establishment in Colonial Society Jakarta Djambatan ISBN 979428257X Retrieved 1 December 2016 Blusse Leonard Chen Menghong 2003 The Archives of the Kong Koan of Batavia Leiden BRILL ISBN 9004131574 Retrieved 1 December 2016 a b Widayati Naniek 2003 Candra Naya Antara Kejayaan Masa Lalu dan Kenyataan Sekarang Candra Naya Between The Glory of the Past and The Present Reality Dimensi Journal of Architecture and Built Environment In Indonesian 31 2 Retrieved 1 December 2016 a b c Haryono Steve 2017 Perkawinan Strategis Hubungan Keluarga Antara Opsir opsir Tionghoa Dan Cabang Atas Di Jawa Pada Abad Ke 19 Dan 20 Utrecht ISBN 978 90 90 30249 2 Retrieved 15 February 2022 a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a CS1 maint location missing publisher link Javasche courant Familiebericht No 93 Landsdrukkerij November 22 1843 Retrieved 1 December 2016 Soerabaijasch handelsblad Het particuliere land Tamboen The estate of Tamboen No 229 Kolff amp Co October 1 1941 Retrieved 1 December 2016 Gedung Juang 45 saksi Bisu Perjuangan Masyarakat Tambun Hall of the Revolution of 45 Silent Witness to the Struggle of the People of Tambun Web Resmi Kecamatan Tambun Selatan Official Website of South Tambun District Kecamatan Tambun Selatan South Tambun District Retrieved 1 December 2016 Osterhammel Jurgen 2014 The Transformation of the World A Global History of the Nineteenth Century Princeton University Press p 221 ISBN 9781400849949 Retrieved 2 February 2017 Setyautama Sam 2008 Tokoh tokoh etnis Tionghoa di Indonesia Jakarta Kepustakaan Populer Gramedia ISBN 9789799101259 Retrieved 1 December 2016 Suryadinata Leo 2015 Prominent Indonesian Chinese Biographical Sketches 4th ed Singapore Institute of Southeast Asian Studies ISBN 9789814620505 Retrieved 1 December 2016 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Khouw family of Tamboen amp oldid 1179576307, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
