The Khmuic languages/kəˈmuːɪk/ are a branch of the Austroasiatic languages spoken mostly in northern Laos, as well as in neighboring northern Vietnam and southern Yunnan, China. Khmu is the only widely spoken language in the group.
There is some disagreement over whether Bit is Khmuic or Palaungic; Svantesson believes it is most likely Palaungic,[2] and it is sometimes placed in Mangic, but most classifications here take them as Khmuic. Similarly, Phuoc (Xinh Mul) and Kháng are also sometimes classified as Mangic, and Kháng is classified as Palaungic by Diffloth.
The recently discovered Bumang language is also likely a Khmuic or Palaungic language. Jerold A. Edmondson considers it to be most closely related to Khang. Also, Quang Lam is a poorly attested language in Vietnam that may be closely related to Kháng or Bit.
Classificationedit
The interrelationships of these languages are uncertain. Ethnologue 19 classifies them as follows:
However, Gérard Diffloth now considers Pramic (i.e., all Khmuic languages except for Khmu) to be a separate Austroasiatic branch that has come under heavy influence from Khmu.[4]
Peiros (2004)edit
Ilia Peiros (Peiros 2004:39) gives the following classification:
^Sidwell, Paul. 2015. The Palaungic Languages: Classification, Reconstruction and Comparative Lexicon 2019-10-23 at the Wayback Machine. München: Lincom Europa.
^SEALang SALA: Southeast Asian Linguistics Archives
^Sidwell, Paul. 2018. Austroasiatic Studies: state of the art in 2018 2019-05-03 at the Wayback Machine. Presentation at the Graduate Institute of Linguistics, National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan, May 22, 2018.
Further readingedit
Chazée, Laurent. 1999. The Peoples of Laos: Rural and Ethnic Diversities. Bangkok: White Lotus.
Cheeseman, Nathaniel; Paul Sidwell and Anne Osborne. 2017. Khmuic Linguistic Bibliography with Selected Annotations. JSEALS vol. 10 issue 1. pages i-xlvi.
Filbeck, David. 1978. T’in: a historical study. Pacifijic Linguistics Series B-49. Canberra: Australian National University. [Includes a reconstruction of Proto-T’inic]
Peiros, Ilia J. 2004. Geneticeskaja klassifikacija aystroaziatskix jazykov. Moskva: Rossijskij gosudarstvennyj gumanitarnyj universitet (doktorskaja dissertacija).
Sidwell, Paul. 2014. "Khmuic classification and homeland 2016-02-03 at the Wayback Machine". Mon-Khmer Studies 43.1:47-56
External linksedit
RWAAI (Repository and Workspace for Austroasiatic Intangible Heritage)
The Kammu Project (Lund University) 2018-05-26 at the Wayback Machine
khmuic, languages, branch, austroasiatic, languages, spoken, mostly, northern, laos, well, neighboring, northern, vietnam, southern, yunnan, china, khmu, only, widely, spoken, language, group, khmuicgeographicdistributionindochinalinguistic, classificationaust. The Khmuic languages k e ˈ m uː ɪ k are a branch of the Austroasiatic languages spoken mostly in northern Laos as well as in neighboring northern Vietnam and southern Yunnan China Khmu is the only widely spoken language in the group KhmuicGeographicdistributionIndochinaLinguistic classificationAustroasiaticKhmuicProto languageProto KhmuicGlottologkhmu1236 Contents 1 Homeland 2 Languages 3 Classification 3 1 Diffloth amp Proschan 1989 3 2 Peiros 2004 3 3 Sidwell 2014 4 See also 5 References 6 Further reading 7 External linksHomeland editPaul Sidwell 2015 1 suggests that the Khmuic Urheimat homeland was in what is now Oudomxay Province northern Laos Languages editThe Khmuic languages are Mlabri Yumbri Kniang Phong 3 Tay Phong Ksingmul Puok Pou Hok Khsing Mul Khmu Khuen O du Prai Mal Thin Theen Kha Sam Liam There is some disagreement over whether Bit is Khmuic or Palaungic Svantesson believes it is most likely Palaungic 2 and it is sometimes placed in Mangic but most classifications here take them as Khmuic Similarly Phuoc Xinh Mul and Khang are also sometimes classified as Mangic and Khang is classified as Palaungic by Diffloth The recently discovered Bumang language is also likely a Khmuic or Palaungic language Jerold A Edmondson considers it to be most closely related to Khang Also Quang Lam is a poorly attested language in Vietnam that may be closely related to Khang or Bit Classification editThe interrelationships of these languages are uncertain Ethnologue 19 classifies them as follows Khmuic Khao Khao Bit Mlabri Mlabri Xinh Mul Khang Phong Kniang Puoc Mal Khmu Khmu Khuen O du Mal Phrai Lua Mal Prai A provisional classification at SEALang 3 keeps Mal Phrai but connects Khao with Khang instead of with Bit treats Khuen as a dialect of Khmu Khmuic Bit Khao Khang Khao Khang Mlabri Phong Puoc Khmu O du Mal Phrai Lua Mal Phray Phai Diffloth amp Proschan 1989 edit Chazee 1999 citing Diffloth amp Proschan 1989 has the following Khmuic Khang Khmu Phray Pram Mlabri Phay Mal T in Ksing Moul Ksongmul Pramic Tai Hat Iduh Tai Then Phong Laan Phong Phene Phong Tapouang Kaniang Phong Piat Phong Saloey However Gerard Diffloth now considers Pramic i e all Khmuic languages except for Khmu to be a separate Austroasiatic branch that has come under heavy influence from Khmu 4 Peiros 2004 edit Ilia Peiros Peiros 2004 39 gives the following classification Khmuic Khang Bit Mlabri Pray Mlabri Pray Kmu Kxinh Mul Ksinmul Phong Kniang Iduh Sidwell 2014 edit Based on developments of Proto Khmuic aː Paul Sidwell 2014 classifies the Khmuic languages as follows Khmuic Khmu Mlabri Pram Mlabri Phay Pram Phay Mal T in Khsing Mul Pramic Tai Hat Phong Laan Phong Phene Phong Tapouang Kniang Phong Piat Phong Saloey Tayten The developments of Proto Khmuic aː according to Sidwell 2014 are Proto Khmuic aː Khmu aː Proto Mlabri Pram ɛː Proto Pray Pram ie Proto Pramic iːSee also editKhmu language Khmu peopleReferences edit Sidwell Paul 2015 The Palaungic Languages Classification Reconstruction and Comparative Lexicon Archived 2019 10 23 at the Wayback Machine Munchen Lincom Europa Ethnologue Report for Bit SEALang SALA Southeast Asian Linguistics Archives Sidwell Paul 2018 Austroasiatic Studies state of the art in 2018 Archived 2019 05 03 at the Wayback Machine Presentation at the Graduate Institute of Linguistics National Tsing Hua University Taiwan May 22 2018 Further reading editChazee Laurent 1999 The Peoples of Laos Rural and Ethnic Diversities Bangkok White Lotus Cheeseman Nathaniel Paul Sidwell and Anne Osborne 2017 Khmuic Linguistic Bibliography with Selected Annotations JSEALS vol 10 issue 1 pages i xlvi Filbeck David 1978 T in a historical study Pacifijic Linguistics Series B 49 Canberra Australian National University Includes a reconstruction of Proto T inic Peiros Ilia J 2004 Geneticeskaja klassifikacija aystroaziatskix jazykov Moskva Rossijskij gosudarstvennyj gumanitarnyj universitet doktorskaja dissertacija Sidwell Paul 2014 Khmuic classification and homeland Archived 2016 02 03 at the Wayback Machine Mon Khmer Studies 43 1 47 56External links editRWAAI Repository and Workspace for Austroasiatic Intangible Heritage The Kammu Project Lund University Archived 2018 05 26 at the Wayback Machine http hdl handle net 10050 00 0000 0000 0003 66E8 9 view Khmuic languages in RWAAI Digital Archive Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Khmuic languages amp oldid 1194056368, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
