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Khiam

May 18, 2024

Khiam (Arabic: الخيام; sometimes spelled Khiyam) is a large town in the Nabatieh Governorate of Southern Lebanon.

Khiam
الخيام
City
Khiam
Khiam
Location within Lebanon
Coordinates: 33°19′38″N 35°36′40″E / 33.32722°N 35.61111°E / 33.32722; 35.61111
Grid position137/154L
Country Lebanon
GovernorateNabatieh Governorate
DistrictMarjeyoun District
Elevation
1,265 m (4,150 ft)
Time zoneUTC+2 (EET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+3 (EEST)
Dialing code+961

Location edit

Khiam is situated approximately 100 kilometres (62 mi) south from the capital city of Beirut and 35 kilometres (22 mi) south-east from the city of Nabatieh. The border with Israel is 5 kilometres (3 mi) to the south. Khiam lies at a height of 800 metres (2,625 ft) above sea level.

Origin of name edit

E. H. Palmer wrote that the name means "The tents".[1]

History edit

Ottoman period edit

In 1596, it was named as a village, Hiyam, in the Ottoman nahiya (subdistrict) of Tibnin under the liwa' (district) of Safad, with a population of 111 households and 7 bachelors, all Muslim. The villagers paid a tax on agricultural products, such as wheat, barley, olive trees, vineyards, goats and beehives, in addition to "occasional revenues"; a total of 6,914 akçe.[2][3]

In 1838, Eli Smith noted it as el-Khiyam; a Metawileh, "Greek" Christian and Maronite village in Merj 'Ayun.[4]

In 1875, Victor Guérin visited: "El Khiam contains two quarters: the one on the south, with a population of 700 Metawileh, and the other on the north, with 600 Christians, divided into Maronites, Greek-Orthodox, and Greek-Catholics, with some Protestants, who have founded a chapel and a school."[5]

In 1881, the PEF's Survey of Western Palestine (SWP) described it as: "A village, north-east of the Merj Ayun, built of stone, containing about 300 Christians and 200 Druzes. It contains a white round Moslem holy place and a modern church. It is situated on a low ridge, surrounded by figs, olives, and arable. The water supply is from three rock-cut cisterns, one birket, and the good spring of 'Ain ed Derdarah."[6]

After independence edit

During the 1990s, Khiam became known for the Khiam Prison, operated by the Israeli-backed South Lebanon Army during the Israeli occupation of Southern Lebanon. Lebanese Muslim civilians were exposed to torture by Israeli and Lebanese agents in this camp and faced indefinite detention once arrested.[7] The prison was captured by Hezbollah during the Battle of Khiam in 2000, shortly before the Israeli withdrawal from South Lebanon.

The town saw a major confrontation between the Israeli Army and Hezbollah fighters in the 2006 Lebanon War, during which a United Nations post was bombed by the Israeli Army killing four United Nations Military Observers.[8]

Notable people edit

References edit

  1. ^ Palmer, 1881, p. 26
  2. ^ Hütteroth and Abdulfattah, 1977, p. 181
  3. ^ Note that Rhode, 1979, p. 6 2016-10-10 at the Wayback Machine writes that the register that Hütteroth and Abdulfattah studied was not from 1595/6, but from 1548/9
  4. ^ Robinson and Smith, 1841, vol 3, 2nd appendix, p. 137
  5. ^ Guerin, 1880, p. 279; as given in Conder and Kitchener, 1881, SWP I, p. 88
  6. ^ Conder and Kitchener, 1881, SWP I, p. 88
  7. ^ https://www.hrw.org/news/1999/10/27/torture-khiam-prison-responsibility-and-accountability Human Rights Watch - Khiam Prison
  8. ^ HRW, 2007, pp. 114-116
  9. ^ "Ali Daher - Soccer player profile & career statistics - Global Sports Archive". globalsportsarchive.com. Retrieved 2020-11-23.

Bibliography edit

  • Conder, C.R.; Kitchener, H.H. (1881). The Survey of Western Palestine: Memoirs of the Topography, Orography, Hydrography, and Archaeology. Vol. 1. London: Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund.
  • Guérin, V. (1880). Description Géographique Historique et Archéologique de la Palestine (in French). Vol. 3: Galilee, pt. 2. Paris: L'Imprimerie Nationale.
  • HRW (2007). Why They Died: Civilian Casualties in Lebanon During the 2006 War. Human Rights Watch.
  • Hütteroth, Wolf-Dieter; Abdulfattah, Kamal (1977). Historical Geography of Palestine, Transjordan and Southern Syria in the Late 16th Century. Erlanger Geographische Arbeiten, Sonderband 5. Erlangen, Germany: Vorstand der Fränkischen Geographischen Gesellschaft. ISBN 3-920405-41-2.
  • Palmer, E.H. (1881). The Survey of Western Palestine: Arabic and English Name Lists Collected During the Survey by Lieutenants Conder and Kitchener, R. E. Transliterated and Explained by E.H. Palmer. Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund.
  • Rhode, H. (1979). (PhD). Columbia University. Archived from the original on 2016-10-10. Retrieved 2017-12-04.
  • Robinson, E.; Smith, E. (1841). Biblical Researches in Palestine, Mount Sinai and Arabia Petraea: A Journal of Travels in the year 1838. Vol. 3. Boston: Crocker & Brewster.

External links edit

  • Survey of Western Palestine, Map 2: IAA, Wikimedia commons
  • Khiyam, Localiban
  • Khiam Official website
  • Khiam center
  • In focus: Al-Khiyam, BBC profile

May 18, 2024
khiam, arabic, الخيام, sometimes, spelled, khiyam, large, town, nabatieh, governorate, southern, lebanon, الخيامcitylocation, within, lebanoncoordinates, 32722, 61111, 32722, 61111grid, position137, 154lcountry, lebanongovernoratenabatieh, governoratedistrictm. Khiam Arabic الخيام sometimes spelled Khiyam is a large town in the Nabatieh Governorate of Southern Lebanon Khiam الخيامCityKhiamKhiamLocation within LebanonCoordinates 33 19 38 N 35 36 40 E 33 32722 N 35 61111 E 33 32722 35 61111Grid position137 154LCountry LebanonGovernorateNabatieh GovernorateDistrictMarjeyoun DistrictElevation1 265 m 4 150 ft Time zoneUTC 2 EET Summer DST UTC 3 EEST Dialing code 961 Contents 1 Location 2 Origin of name 3 History 3 1 Ottoman period 3 2 After independence 4 Notable people 5 References 6 Bibliography 7 External linksLocation editKhiam is situated approximately 100 kilometres 62 mi south from the capital city of Beirut and 35 kilometres 22 mi south east from the city of Nabatieh The border with Israel is 5 kilometres 3 mi to the south Khiam lies at a height of 800 metres 2 625 ft above sea level Origin of name editE H Palmer wrote that the name means The tents 1 History editOttoman period edit In 1596 it was named as a village Hiyam in the Ottoman nahiya subdistrict of Tibnin under the liwa district of Safad with a population of 111 households and 7 bachelors all Muslim The villagers paid a tax on agricultural products such as wheat barley olive trees vineyards goats and beehives in addition to occasional revenues a total of 6 914 akce 2 3 In 1838 Eli Smith noted it as el Khiyam a Metawileh Greek Christian and Maronite village in Merj Ayun 4 In 1875 Victor Guerin visited El Khiam contains two quarters the one on the south with a population of 700 Metawileh and the other on the north with 600 Christians divided into Maronites Greek Orthodox and Greek Catholics with some Protestants who have founded a chapel and a school 5 In 1881 the PEF s Survey of Western Palestine SWP described it as A village north east of the Merj Ayun built of stone containing about 300 Christians and 200 Druzes It contains a white round Moslem holy place and a modern church It is situated on a low ridge surrounded by figs olives and arable The water supply is from three rock cut cisterns one birket and the good spring of Ain ed Derdarah 6 After independence edit During the 1990s Khiam became known for the Khiam Prison operated by the Israeli backed South Lebanon Army during the Israeli occupation of Southern Lebanon Lebanese Muslim civilians were exposed to torture by Israeli and Lebanese agents in this camp and faced indefinite detention once arrested 7 The prison was captured by Hezbollah during the Battle of Khiam in 2000 shortly before the Israeli withdrawal from South Lebanon The town saw a major confrontation between the Israeli Army and Hezbollah fighters in the 2006 Lebanon War during which a United Nations post was bombed by the Israeli Army killing four United Nations Military Observers 8 Notable people editAli Daher born 1996 Lebanese footballer 9 Issam Abdallah 1986 2023 Reuters video journalistReferences edit Palmer 1881 p 26 Hutteroth and Abdulfattah 1977 p 181 Note that Rhode 1979 p 6 Archived 2016 10 10 at the Wayback Machine writes that the register that Hutteroth and Abdulfattah studied was not from 1595 6 but from 1548 9 Robinson and Smith 1841 vol 3 2nd appendix p 137 Guerin 1880 p 279 as given in Conder and Kitchener 1881 SWP I p 88 Conder and Kitchener 1881 SWP I p 88 https www hrw org news 1999 10 27 torture khiam prison responsibility and accountability Human Rights Watch Khiam Prison HRW 2007 pp 114 116 Ali Daher Soccer player profile amp career statistics Global Sports Archive globalsportsarchive com Retrieved 2020 11 23 Bibliography editConder C R Kitchener H H 1881 The Survey of Western Palestine Memoirs of the Topography Orography Hydrography and Archaeology Vol 1 London Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund Guerin V 1880 Description Geographique Historique et Archeologique de la Palestine in French Vol 3 Galilee pt 2 Paris L Imprimerie Nationale HRW 2007 Why They Died Civilian Casualties in Lebanon During the 2006 War Human Rights Watch Hutteroth Wolf Dieter Abdulfattah Kamal 1977 Historical Geography of Palestine Transjordan and Southern Syria in the Late 16th Century Erlanger Geographische Arbeiten Sonderband 5 Erlangen Germany Vorstand der Frankischen Geographischen Gesellschaft ISBN 3 920405 41 2 Palmer E H 1881 The Survey of Western Palestine Arabic and English Name Lists Collected During the Survey by Lieutenants Conder and Kitchener R E Transliterated and Explained by E H Palmer Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund Rhode H 1979 Administration and Population of the Sancak of Safed in the Sixteenth Century PhD Columbia University Archived from the original on 2016 10 10 Retrieved 2017 12 04 Robinson E Smith E 1841 Biblical Researches in Palestine Mount Sinai and Arabia Petraea A Journal of Travels in the year 1838 Vol 3 Boston Crocker amp Brewster External links editSurvey of Western Palestine Map 2 IAA Wikimedia commons Khiyam Localiban Khiam Official website Khiam center In focus Al Khiyam BBC profile Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Khiam amp oldid 1208124721, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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